1037 matches in the database.
These are records: 1 - 30.
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] … [35]
1.
DA'AS, DURAID A.
WHERE IS THE WEST END GOING? AN URBAN DESIGN FRAMEWORK.
Degree: MS ARCH, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Architecture (Master of), 2004, University of Cincinnati
► Throughout the world, the urban fabric and physical image of cities, such…
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▼ Throughout the world, the urban fabric and physical image of cities, such as Cincinnati, is changing due to a multitude of demands and pressures, as reflected by the constant out migration of people from the city to the suburbs. The lack of policy and commitment to citizen participation in rebuilding communities, contributes to these out migrations and the limited role professionals play in the practice of urban design and community planning. The decay and deterioration of American cities has been increasing for decades, partly evidenced by the constant demolition of the urban, social, cultural, and institutional structures. This urban disintegration will continue unless a clear and politically supported policy for planning, design, and preservation is advocated and enacted in cities.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bible, Tom George.
Subjects: Architecture
Keywords: Urban Design; Community Design; City Planning
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3.
Daas, Mutaz A.
Modeling the effects of oil viscosity and pipe inclination on flow characteristics and drag reduction in slug flow.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Chemical Engineering (Engineering), 2001, Ohio University
► Computational analysis along with extensive experimental investigation have been carried out to…
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▼ Computational analysis along with extensive experimental investigation have been carried out to predict drag reduction in slug flow utilizing three types of oil with viscosities of 2.5 cP, 26 cP, and 50 cP in 10-cm ID, horizontal and 2-degree inclined pipes. Effects of oil viscosity and pipe inclination on each component of the total pressure drop in slug flow were determined. The impact of liquid viscosity and pipe inclination on the effectiveness of drag reducing agents (DRA) was also investigated. Predicted values were in good agreement with experimental results. Results from both experiments and modeling showed that the accelerational component of pressure drop was dominant in low and moderate oil viscosities. This component reached values as high as 86% of total pressure drop. Most of the drag reduction took place in the accelerational component and reached values as high as 88% out of total drag reduction. As oil viscosity increased, the frictional component was found to increase dramatically and exceeded 40% of total pressure drop in the 50 cP oil. The DRA was found more effective in reducing both frictional and gravitational components of total pressure drop in higher-viscosity oils than in lower ones. For example, at superficial liquid and gas velocities of 0.5 and 6 m/s frictional loss was reduced by a factor of 60% in the 26 cP oil when adding 50 ppm of the DRA. The corresponding value for the 2.5 cP oil was less than 10%. Meanwhile, the DRA was more effective in reducing accelerational component, hence total pressure drop, in the 2.5 cP oil than in the 26 cP oil. Pressure drop increased significantly when pipe inclination was changed from horizontal to 2 degrees due to the presence of the gravitational component. This increase in pipe inclination was accompanied with a decrease in the velocity of the stratified film ahead of each slug. Thus resulting in an elevated accelerational pressure loss. This work will help introduce new mechanisms for drag reduction in multiphase flow and provide a new mechanistic or empirical correlation to incorporate drag reduction in multiphase flow.
Advisors/Committee Members: Jepson, W. Paul.
Subjects: Engineering, Chemical
Keywords: effects modeling; oil viscosity; pipe inclination; flow characteristics; drag reduction; slug flow
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4.
DABABNEH, AWNI JAMIL.
COMPARISON OF A CONVENTIONAL KEYBOARD TO AN ALTERNATIVE DESIGN WITH RESPECT TO PERFORMANCE AND SHORT INTERVAL PAUSES.
Degree: MS, Engineering : Industrial Engineering, 2003, University of Cincinnati
► A number of keyboard designs have been developed which differ from the…
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▼ A number of keyboard designs have been developed which differ from the conventional keyboard design. Each of these designs has the goal to address awkward postures promoted by the conventional keyboard. Studies investigating these “alternative” keyboards designs have found that some alter working posture, and reduce discomfort. However, performance measurement has had little attention. Performance measures are the traditional domain of industrial engineering and human factors engineering. Performance measures translate into improved productivity and profits; and can be used to convince those who must authorize what are seen as high expenditures on ergonomically improved keyboards, by justifying the cost of using such ergonomically designed keyboards to relate improved posture to improved performance. This study, part of a larger one (Swanson et al, 1997), compared three keyboards of different designs and two position settings to a conventional (control) keyboard. Performance data were collected over a period of three days for each subject. For this study 25 subjects were randomly selected, (5 subjects from each of 5 keyboard conditions). These subjects were chosen using pre-defined population characteristics so that variability between and among subjects would be minimized. The work performance indicators were monitored on a continuous basis during the sessions. All data for the control and comparison groups was gathered and separated for error rate and keystroke rate and aggregated over 5 minute periods. This study utilized Cakir’s five types of errors (e.g., omission and random errors, mistaken neighboring, shift task mistake, multiple characters hit, and fat finger error, (Cakir, 1995). The study also explored the total number of short interval pauses and their time consumed as another measure of performance. Data was analyzed through a simple Mixed Design Analysis of Variance, with t-test comparisons to examine significant main effects and interactions. The results indicated that although the rate of most types of errors did not differ by keyboard condition, several of the alternative keyboards did have higher numbers of certain errors associated with them. The Kinesis keyboard had greater numbers of omissions and random errors as well as mistaken neighboring key, associated with it. The Ergologic keyboard, in the upright position, had greater numbers of multiple keys hit. Additionally, the Comfort keyboard had longer spontaneous pauses during its use. These all indicated that a longer period may be needed as a learning period for each alternative keyboard.
Advisors/Committee Members: Shell, Dr. Richard.
Keywords: keyboard; performance; pauses; alternative
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5.
DABKE, SHILPA SHRIKRISHNA.
JOB SATISFACTION OF WOMEN IN CONSTRUCTION TRADES.
Degree: MS, Engineering : Civil Engineering, 2005, University of Cincinnati
► Women face unique challenges to work and establish themselves in non traditional…
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▼ Women face unique challenges to work and establish themselves in non traditional occupations such as construction trades. Existing research on women in construction focuses on engineers and entrepreneurs, yet little to no attention has been given to women in trades. Thus, the aim of this research is to review literature on tradeswomen, and to conduct a localized study to determine if demographic variables affect satisfaction with work, pay, opportunities, supervision, and people on the job for tradeswomen. These variables include age, education, number of dependents, number of trade years, duration of work, and frequency of work outside of the local area. Thirty-nine tradeswomen from the Cincinnati area were surveyed to assess their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with construction work. Currently, literature review indicates that research on tradeswomen is limited and largely restricted to identifying measures that can attract and retain women in construction trades. Studies on motivation and job satisfaction of construction workers neither identify nor compare perceptions of tradeswomen about their work. Results of this exploratory study showed that pay, benefits, and job security are most important to women in their occupation. Although tradeswomen appear to be satisfied with the nature of work in construction trades, this is not the case in terms of pay, benefits, and job security. Demographic variables did not affect the level of job satisfaction for women in construction trades. Research on tradeswomen is essential and important as the industry tries to change its image, encourage diversity in order to mitigate labor shortage.
Advisors/Committee Members: Salem, Ossama.
Subjects: Engineering, Civil
Keywords: Tradeswomen, job satisfaction, women in trades, work satisfaction
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7.
Dabney, James.
Show me that you care: The existence of relational trust between a principal and teachers in an urban school.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Educational Policy and Leadership, 2008, Ohio State University
► This dissertation explores the existence of relational trust as defined by Bryk…
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▼ This dissertation explores the existence of relational trust as defined by Bryk and Schneider (2002) in an urban school with an identified effective principal. Specific attention is given to principal-teacher relationship dynamics. Bryk and Schneider (2002) posited that relational trust exists between principals and teachers when teachers feel respected as professionals by their principals, see their principals as competent school managers, perceive their school-site administrators as having integrity, and when teachers believe that their principals have a genuine interest in their personal well being. A literature review on leadership in general, effective educational leadership, and appropriate headship for schools undergoing restructuring is presented. Moreover, included is a distinction between urban schools and their rural and suburban counterparts, highlighting the unique and complex challenges faced by students in inner-city public educational centers. Employing a mix-method approach within a case study design, teachers completed a questionnaire on their perception of their principal. Observations were conducted for a seven month period as well as relevant documents were analyzed. Drawing from the review of the literature, survey findings, notes from observations and from the gathered relevant files, questions were developed for a teacher focus group session and a principal interview. The points made in the focus group discussion also informed the principal interview instrument. Findings revealed that teachers in the study had high relational trust in their principal and that he conveyed trustworthiness in numerous ways. Furthermore, respecting the integrity of qualitative research, other themes that substantiate the literature on effective leadership for urban education and trust establishment emerged and are discussed. The findings imply that the tenets of relational trust are viable and effective constructs that can be materialized in the behaviors of principals in urban educational districts.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gordon, Beverly.
Subjects: African Americans; Education; Educational sociology
Keywords: Urban education; trust; educational leadership; education reform
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8.
D'Acchioli, Jason S.
On the nature of the electronics structure of metal-metal quadruply bonded complexes.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Chemistry, 2005, Ohio State University
► Metal-metal (M 2 ) quadruply bonded complexes have a rich, diverse chemistry.…
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▼ Metal-metal (M 2 ) quadruply bonded complexes have a rich, diverse chemistry. From providing insight into fundamental chemistry, to having applications in materials chemistry, they continue to fuel the imagination of many inorganic chemists. Perhaps the most interesting aspect of complexes containing M 2 (M = Mo, W) quadruple bonds are their physical and electronic structures. This thesis demonstrates an “aufbau” for understanding metal-metal quadruply bonded complexes. We begin by examining the spectral and electronic properties of simple paddlewheel complexes of the form M 2 (O 2 CR) 4 (M = Mo, W; R = t Bu—experimental; CH 3 , H—computational models). From there, we move to understanding the subtle electronic and thermodynamic features of more complex systems, i.e. [(HCO 2 ) 3 M 2 ] 2 (µ-O 2 CCO 2 ). We then move from understanding complexes of the form [(HCO 2 ) 2 M 2 ] 4 (µ-O 2 CCO 2 ) 4 to [M 2 (µ-O 2 CCO 2 )] ∞ , the “infinite limit” of an extended structure. Finally, we investigate the unique chemistry of systems linked by 4,4’-azodibenzoic acid, applying what we know from similar studies of related systems. Throughout this work, computational techniques utilizing density functional theory is emphasized, as it has proven quite successful in predicting and reproducing experimental results.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chisholm, Malcolm H.
Keywords: Metal-metal multiple bonds; metal-metal quadruple bonds; density functional theory; electron paramagnetic resonance; inter-valence charge transfer complexes; electrochemistry using fluoryl aryl borates
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9.
Dach, Toni M.
The World Trade Organization's Dispute Settlement Body and International Economic Relations in the 21st Century.
Degree: Master of Arts (MA), Political Science (Arts and Sciences), 2007, Ohio University
► Since the conversion of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)…
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▼ Since the conversion of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995, the Organization has faced severe difficulties in reaching trade-liberalizing agreements. One potential cause of this inability to reach new agreements is the waning of mutual interest between Member States on the norms of the regime. The norm of the GATT was well-described by John Gerard Ruggie as “embedded liberalism” – free trade with exceptions to ensure domestic stability. However, agreement on this norm has come under fire as some groups push for increased liberalization in line with more orthodox economic principles, while others continue to cling to the safety net of embedded liberalism. Using case studies from the WTO’s Dispute Settlement Body, I pinpoint these tensions between orthodox and embedded liberalism, demonstrating how states, transnational actors, and the WTO itself have contributed to these tensions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mosher, James S.
Keywords: International Law, World Trade Organization, Embedded Liberalism, Neoliberal Institutionalism
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11.
da Cunha, Daise Nunes Queiroz.
Properties of Flow Through the Ascending Aorta in Boxer Dogs with Mild Aortic Stenosis: Momentum, Energy, Reynolds Number, Womersley’s, Unsteadiness Parameter, Vortex Shedding, and Transfer Function of Oscillations from Aorta to Thoracic Wall.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Veterinary Biosciences, 2009, Ohio State University
► Ejection murmurs of subaortic and aortic stenosis occur commonly in the mammalian…
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▼ Ejection murmurs of subaortic and aortic stenosis occur commonly in the mammalian population. Boxer-dogs have a high prevalence of systolic ejection murmurs (50 to 80%). The origin of these murmurs is a subject of discussion, especially in those cases that anatomical lesions are not evident, as with many cases of mild aortic stenosis. It has been speculated that turbulence is one of the most likely genesis of these ejection murmurs. Boxer-dogs with soft murmurs provide useful model to evaluate physical factors of aortic flow that may produce murmur. A total of 15 Boxer-dogs were evaluated with physical examination, electrocardiography, and a complete echocardiographic exam. For studies conducted in both the catheterization and NMR laboratories, 7 Boxers were induced to anesthesia for evaluation of the fluid mechanical parameters. Sounds were recorded from the ascending aorta and the torso surface in the cath-lab. S2 was used to calculate transfer function between oscillations in the heart and oscillations on the body surface. The images to study aortic blood flow were acquired on a 1.5T Siemens MRI system for 5 locations of the ascending aorta, 3 physiological states, and 7 dogs. Mean and peak velocity, area, Reynolds number, Womersly parameter, energy, flow, momentum, and vorticity were calculated from the velocity-encoded images using MRI. Reynolds numbers were above the critical values indicated in the literature. Re’s correlated well with momentum (r2 =0.54) and flow (r2 =0.86). Rotational velocity in CCW direction were greatest at the arch (p<0.05), clockwise vortices were greater at the root and Valsalva-sinus (p<0.05). Ten variables indicated that turbulence may have occurred at the proximal regions of the aorta. The murmur of mild aortic stenosis was originated in the proximal regions of the ascending aorta, demonstrated by the most “violent” fluid-mechanical activities in these regions. There was a mathematical relationship between intensity of oscillations within the heart generating sound and the intensity of oscillation detected on the thoracic wall as heart sound.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hamlin, Robert.
Subjects: Acoustics; Anatomy and physiology; Animals; Fluid dynamics; Radiology
Keywords: Boxer dogs; systolic ejection murmur; mild aortic stenois; fluid mechanics; Reynolds number; Womersley parameter; Vorticies; Kinetic energy; momentum; Dobutamine; aucultation; catheterization; acoustics; Transfer function; heart sounds frequency and amplit
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12.
Da Cunha, Luis.
Structural insights into the Function of the Arabidopsis protein RIN4, a multi-regulator of plant resistance against bacterial pathogens.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Horticulture and Crop Science, 2009, Ohio State University
► The plant innate immune system consists of two main branches, PAMP-triggered immunity…
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▼ The plant innate immune system consists of two main branches, PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) activates PTI. However, pathogenic bacteria deploy virulence factors that suppress PTI, including translocated type III effector (T3E) proteins. In addition to suppressing PTI, T3Es also activate the second branch of plant innate immunity, ETI, via activation of NB-LRR disease resistance proteins. ETI can be indirectly activated by PTI-suppressing T3Es. For instance, the Arabidopsis protein RIN4, which negatively regulates PTI, is targeted by the three sequence unrelated T3Es AvrRpm1, AvrB, and AvrRpt2 from P. syringae that suppress PTI. Additionally, RIN4 mediates recognition of these T3Es via the NB-LRR proteins RPM1 and RPS2. AvrRpm1 and AvrB phosphorylate RIN4, and AvrRpt2 cleaves it. RIN4 interacts in planta with, RPM1 and RPS2, and perturbation of RIN4 elicits their response to these T3Es. Structure-function analysis of RIN4 has revealed that (1) RIN4 has multiple domains capable of negatively regulating PTI; (2) one of these domains is critical for regulation of RPM1; (3) membrane targeting of RIN4 differentially affects its ability to regulate PTI and ETI; and (4) RIN4 differentially regulates RPM1 and RPS2. Collectively, our results indicate that RIN4 is multifunctional with separable activities involved in regulation of these two central branches of plant immunity.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mackey, David.
Subjects: Plant pathology
Keywords: Plant resistance, PTI, R-gene, Pseudomonas, RIN4
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13.
Dadras, Danielle Mina.
Circulating Stories: Postcolonial Narratives and International Markets.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, English, 2008, Ohio State University
► Many postcolonial scholars assert that there has been a shift away from…
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▼ Many postcolonial scholars assert that there has been a shift away from the global dominance of the nation-state system toward the so-called postnational. Why, then, do such a large number of popular and provocative postcolonial narratives, both through their rhetorical intent and through their circulation histories, indicate that the nation remains a primary site of textual negotiation? And why does the nation remain a central facet of international marketing and distribution campaigns? In an effort to answer these questions, my dissertation attends to both what narrative texts marketed to an international audience do (rhetorically, aesthetically, and politically) and what is done with these narratives in the processes of circulation and distribution. I demonstrate the benefits of this dual model of reading by offering three chapter-length case studies from various genres, regions, and post/colonial conditions. �€�Circulating Stories: Postcolonial Narratives and International Markets�€� borrows from the methodologies of rhetorical narrative theory and cultural studies as well as from the important theoretical distinction between postcolonialism and postcoloniality, formulated by Graham Huggan in The Postcolonial Exotic (2001). Huggan defines postcolonialism as textual and cultural agencies of resistance and postcoloniality as the late-capitalist system of global cultural exchange that inevitably manipulates and perverts texts through channels of distribution and reception. My analytic strategy in each chapter is to confront the �€�entanglement�€� of these two tendencies, and then to extricate postcolonialism from postcoloniality in order to accomplish the following two purposes: (1) to better understand the complex designs and potential effects of postcolonial texts and (2) to consider how authors and filmmakers committed to postcolonialism seek to navigate the treacherous waters of postcoloniality. My goal is to respect the voices and visions of postcolonial artists and, at the same time, resist perpetuating critical naiveté about the possibility of unmediated or �€�authentic�€� rhetorical exchange between postcolonial artists and their audiences.
Advisors/Committee Members: Allen, Chadwick.
Subjects: Comparative literature; English literature; Literature; Motion Pictures
Keywords: postcolonial; postcolonial film; narrative; nationalism and internationalism; culture market; globalization; raoul peck; zadie smith; bahman ghobadi; rigoberta menchu
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14.
Dadzie, Dominic S.
Cost Sharing and Equity in Higher Education: Experiences of Selected Ghanaian Students.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Curriculum and Instruction Cultural Studies (Education), 2009, Ohio University
► This phenomenological research study examined sources available to students for funding education…
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▼ This phenomenological research study examined sources available to students for funding education and the experiences of students in public higher education in relation to cost sharing as an educational policy for funding tertiary education in six Ghanaian public universities. The research examines students’ use of social networks in social capital formation to meet challenges of cost sharing. The economic value of social networks within the family, the extended family, the community, and the government in social capital formation to pay for higher education were examined. The study adopted a qualitative methodology using structured, semi-structured, and open-ended in-depth interviews to collect data from 44 students from the six public universities and three administrators. Document sources from the universities, Ministry of Education, GET Fund, and the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning were also analyzed. The results were transcribed, coded and categorized under emerging themes for analysis and discussion. The findings indicated that a number of qualified students could not have access to university education because of lack of funding. Students from lower-socioeconomic families were mostly affected in the cost sharing policy. Government was seen to be gradually shifting more responsibilities of funding higher education to parents through students’ fees despite the economic situation in the country. Female students faced cultural factors that limited their access to higher education. There were gaps between government policies on enrollment that needed attention of university administrators. Policy on accommodation was not strictly monitored and residential halls were over crowded causing infrastructure deterioration. Procedures for securing student loans were frustrating to students and limited access to these loans. Not all students were using social networks to mobilize social capital in funding their education particularly students from families with patrilineal systems of inheritance used less in comparison to those from matrilineal families. Policy makers have to take into consideration the economic situations of students from lower income families in order to ensure they are not short-changed. Enrollment and accommodation policies as well as loans processing requirements need close monitoring and evaluation
Advisors/Committee Members: Godwyll, Francis.
Subjects: Education; Gender; Higher education; School finance; Social structure
Keywords: Cost sharing; Equity; public; higher education; Ghanaian students; access; enrollment; affordable; accommodation policy
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15.
Daftary, Ameet Shirish.
Effect of Long Term Steroids on Cough Efficiency and Respiratory Muscle Strength in Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.
Degree: MS, Medicine : Epidemiology (Environmental Health), 2007, University of Cincinnati
► The effect of long-term steroid (>1 year) therapy on peak cough flow…
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▼ The effect of long-term steroid (>1 year) therapy on peak cough flow (PCF) in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is assessed alongside the pulmonary function (PFT) variable most predictive of PCF. Medical records of 10 steroid treated and 25 untreated DMD patients are analyzed. Forced vital capacity (FVC), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), and PCF data were collected. Groups were compared with Wilcoxon test and predictive relationships assessed with multiple linear regression. PCF (P = 0.047) and MEP (P = 0.021) were higher in the treated patients [PCF values 27 L/min higher than the untreated (95% CI = 2 L/min to 52 L/min, P = 0.033)]. MVV was most predictive of PCF. We concluded that long term steroid therapy may be beneficial to PCF and respiratory muscle strength in DMD. MVV may be a useful predictor of lung function in DMD.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dietrich, Dr. Kim N.
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16.
Daga, Kamal Dhulchand.
Extrusion of a thermotropic liquid crystal polymer.
Degree: Master of Science (MS), Chemical Engineering (Engineering), 1987, Ohio University
► This research involved extrusion of a thermotropic liquid crystal polymer through a…
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▼ This research involved extrusion of a thermotropic liquid crystal polymer through a converging die. Mechanical properties of the extrudates were determined. Scanning Electron Microscopic analysis was also performed. Melt viscosity of the material in liquid crystalline state became very low. This low viscosity caused serious processing problems. Once processed material was again extruded in single screw extruder. Mechanical properties of recycled material were observed to be relatively low in comparision to the new material. Because of processing limitations, ultra-high mechanical properties could not be induced in this research. But it may still be possible to obtain these properties in liquid crystalline state and elongational Flow Field. Also, crystallization of extrudate before exiting the die and moderate pressure should enhance the properties.
Advisors/Committee Members: Collier, John R.
Subjects: Engineering, Chemical
Keywords: Thermotropic Liquid Crystal Polymer; Converging Die; Scanning Electron Microscopic Analysis
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17.
Dagia, Nilesh M.
Transcription Inhibitors as Anti-Adhesion Agents.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Chemical Engineering (Engineering), 2004, Ohio University
► A promising therapeutic approach for reducing aberrant leukocyte − endothelial adhesion during…
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▼ A promising therapeutic approach for reducing aberrant leukocyte − endothelial adhesion during pathological inflammation is to inhibit pro-inflammatory (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF−α)) induced endothelial cell adhesion molecule (ECAM) expression at the transcriptional level. Over the past decade, several compounds have been shown to reduce leukocyte adhesion via inhibition of cytokine induced ECAM expression by suppressing the activity of transcription factors. The majority of prior studies have tested the effects of transcription inhibitors under a narrow range of conditions. We extensively investigated the effects of a representative transcription inhibitor, the proteasome inhibitor lactacystin, on single and multi-cytokine treatment of cultured endothelial cells. Our results provide evidence that a proteasome inhibitor can reduce concurrent, sequential and long term interleukin−1β (IL−1β and TNF−α induced ECAM expression and myeloid cell adhesion. In a separate study, we explored the anti-inflammatory properties of a novel compound i.e., phenyl methimazole. We found that phenyl methimazole reduces TNF−α induced monocytic cell adhesion to endothelial cells by predominantly inhibiting vascular cell adhesion molecule−1 (VCAM−1) expression at the transcriptional level. Thus, phenyl methimazole holds promise as an anti-adhesion therapeutic. The transcription inhibitors, if administered systemically, can potentially affect all cells causing adverse side effects. The non-specific action of transcription inhibitors leads to the idea of targeting the delivery of these compounds using ligand-coated drug carriers. Since transcription inhibitors act within the cell, it is relevant to study the endocytosis of drug carriers. Our findings reveal that ligand-coated nanospheres are endocytosed by selectin presenting cellular monolayers. The complexities of the in vivo haemodynamic environment will complicate the targeted delivery of drug carriers to inflamed endothelium. An engineering analysis of this system can reveal significant insights into the interdependent relationship of the various parameters that affect in vivo targeted drug delivery. We have taken the first step towards the development of a mathematical model that predicts particle deposition to inflamed endothelium and have identified some of the key parameters for selective adhesion of targeted drug carriers. Combined, the above four studies represent a significant step towards the rational development of transcription inhibitors for the treatment of pathological inflammation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Goetz, Douglas J.
Subjects: Engineering, Chemical
Keywords: Inflamation; Leukocyte; Endothelium; Adhesion; Targeted Drug Delivery
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18.
D'Agostino, Michael Angelo.
INTEGRATING CORROSION TESTING INDUSTRIAL PROTOCOLS INTO A HIGH SCHOOL / TWO-YEAR COLLEGE CHEMISTRY CURRICULUM.
Degree: Master of Science, Chemistry, 2005, Miami University
► The thesis described herein involves research in the domain of Curriculum Development…
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▼ The thesis described herein involves research in the domain of Curriculum Development and Testing in chemical education as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the M.S. program in chemistry at Miami University with an emphasis on chemical education. The research undertaken was the development of chemistry instructional materials which integrate authentic industrial chemical technology practices into a high school/two-year college curriculum. The study of iron corrosion was used to create eight activities, including the following areas: economic impact, relative reactivity of iron, oxidation reduction, factors affecting corrosion, qualitative and quantitative analysis, and the testing and evaluation of corrosion control coatings using simulated American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) protocols for corrosion testing. Additionally, chemical tests were conducted to explore the underlying mechanisms involved in the corrosion of iron. All activities were developed to integrate with National Science Education Standards (NSES), Voluntary Industrial Standards (VIS), and American College Testing (ACT) Workkeys Standards.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sarquis, Arlyne M.
Keywords: corrosion; ASTM; standards; rusting; oxidation; ferrous; ferric; rust
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19.
D'Agresti, Attilio.
Silvio Berlusconi and the Americanization of Italian Politics: a Political Analysis Through The Commentaries of Il Corriere Della Sera.
Degree: Master of Arts in English, Department of English, 2008, Youngstown State University
► Silvio Berlusconi changed the concept of political communication in Italy when he…
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▼ Silvio Berlusconi changed the concept of political communication in Italy when he entered the field of Italian politics on January 26, 1994. As owner of three Italian TV channels Berlusconi promoted himself as a new politician able to restore a country tormented by the political collapse of the old multi-party system caused by the Mani pulite investigations. The phenomena of Silvio Berlusconi, superficially perceived as a funny, successful businessman and media tycoon represented in reality something else. In this thesis I want to reveal unknown elements of Berlusconi's life and public success, because he was able to manufacture his personal political consent through the massive use of his own three commercial networks, applying media and marketing strategies to Italian politics, importing from the Unites States the use of polls as consent multipliers. From 1994 the entire concept of political communication through the TV medium changed drastically, because the political arena was thrust into the mass media stage. However, Berlusconi was not without opposition. Italian newspapers tried to respond to the rampant media tycoon. The most important Italian newspaper, Il Corriere della Sera, was able to expose some of the dark sides of Berlusconi. The articles are significant because they saw Berlusconi as an anomalous politician approaching Italian politics in a flamboyant new way. Since the political elections of 1994, Berlusconi has appeared as an extraordinary and charismatic political leader in the eyes of the Italian people, because of an (un)controlled and totalitarian use of the media. This thesis documents Berlusconi's story both told and untold aspects; it uncovers the face of modern media fascism in Italy.
Advisors/Committee Members: Linkon, Sherry.
Subjects: Journalism
Keywords: Silvio Berlusconi; Italian journalism; political communication; mass media; political science; Italian politics
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20.
Dahanayaka, Sudath A.
PROBING THE BINDING OF ESTROGEN AND GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTORS ON CLASSICAL AND NON-CLASSICAL RESPONSE ELEMENTS AND INFLUENCE OF HMGB-1.
Degree: Master of Science (MS), Chemistry, 2007, Bowling Green State University
► Estrogen receptor (ER) is a ligand-inducible enhancer protein that is a member…
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▼ Estrogen receptor (ER) is a ligand-inducible enhancer protein that is a member of nuclear hormone receptor super family. Estrogen receptors share a highly conserved structure with other members of the steroid receptor super family and a common mechanism, regulating gene transcription. Estrogen receptors reside in the nucleus and in the absence of hormone signal bind to other proteins. However, in the presence of hormone, the receptor dissociates from the other proteins and dimerizes. The dimeric form of estrogen receptor is the active form which binds to a specific DNA sequence, known as the estrogen response element (ERE) in the regulatory region of the target gene. The estrogen response element (ERE) consists of asymmetric or pseudo asymmetric, palindromic repeat of two half-site sequences (cHERE) 5’-AGGTCA-3’, separated by 3bps. HMG domain proteins are architectural proteins involved in chromatin function and have been shown to stabilize the ER/ERE binding. One aims of this thesis is to determine how differences in spacer length between the ERE half-site affect on ER binding affinity in the presence and absence of the coactivator protein, HMGB-1. The binding affinity and selectivity of the two forms of the estrogen receptor (á and â) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) for cHERE, in three different orientations (direct repeats, inverted repeats and everted repeats) were studied by using the gel mobility shift assay (EMSA). ERs, in contrast to GR, showed a strong cooperativity when interacting with direct repeats, inverted repeats as well as everted repeats.
Advisors/Committee Members: Scovell, William M.
Subjects: Chemistry, Biochemistry
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21.
Dahar, Stephen Lee.
Modification of a high-temperature indenter to measure load/displacement curves.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Materials Science and Engineering, 1993, Case Western Reserve University
► A Nikon QM High Temperature Hardness Tester has been successfully modified by…
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▼ A Nikon QM High Temperature Hardness Tester has been successfully modified by the addition of a piezo-electric/load cell assembly which allows for the acquisition of load/displacement curves during either fiber push-out tests or standard hardness measurements. Results obtained with the modified system have been compared to deadweight loading measurement, and they are similar. The modified loading system is capable of applying loads from 50 grams up to several kilograms, at temperatures up to 1450°C. Maximum loading is limited by the design of the specimen furnace assembly. A detailed discussion on the design and construction of the modification is presented. Using this equipment the interfacial properties of two LAS/SCS-6 composites and two RBSN/SCS-6 composites were successfully studied as a function of temperature. For the LAS composites the interfacial shear stress remained relatively constant as a function of temperature up to the softening point of the matrix after which it increased. A discontinuity in the thermal expansion of the crystallized LAS composite matrix resulted in an abrupt change in the ISS. At temperatures below 300°C, interfacial failure occurred on several surfaces similar to what Morscher reported. At higher temperatures, debonding occurred exclusively between the carbon sublayer s on the SCS-6 fiber. The temperature dependence of the interfacial shear stress of the RBSN/SCS-6 composites varied dramatically. The ISS of the as-fabricated composite decreased with temperature while the ISS of a low temperature HIPed composite increased with temperature. These results confirm the importance of processing conditions on the ISS for RBSN/SCS-6 composites. Shear-lag and linear force balance methods are used to obtain values for ISS, the coefficient of friction, residual stress and the radial coefficient of thermal expansion of the SCS-6 fiber. Both methods gave similar values for the interfacial shear stress
Advisors/Committee Members: Pirouz, Pirouz.
Subjects: Engineering, Materials Science
Keywords: High-temperature indenter; Load/displacement curves
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22.
Dahl, Garrett Thomas.
Empowerment of Cyclist Collective Identity in the Social, Safe, and Celebratory Spaces of Critical Mass.
Degree: Master of Arts (MA), Sociology (Arts and Sciences), 2009, Ohio University
► This study seeks to understand the formation of activist collective identities within…
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▼ This study seeks to understand the formation of activist collective identities within the temporary biketivist spaces of the Critical Mass cycling event. I collected data through participant observation in Critical Mass rides in Athens, Ohio, Columbus, Ohio, and Minneapolis, Minnesota from June of 2008 through February of 2009 in addition to semi-structured interviews with cyclists. These methods elicited data that speaks to the relationship between police, automobiles, and Critical Mass cyclists. While the Critical Mass and automotive majority exhibit a contentious relationship that solidifies cyclist collective identity around a common opposition, police play a more complex role of enforcer, referee between automobile and cyclist, and fuel to the carnival of transgression. As Critical Mass expresses emergent collective identities within an auto-centric cultural environment, a social, safe, and celebratory space allows for actualization of social movement tactics and goals.
Advisors/Committee Members: Scanlan, Stephen.
Subjects: Sociology
Keywords: Critical Mass; Cycling; Collective Identity; Space; Social Movements
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23.
Dahling, Jason J.
SUPPRESSING POSITIVE EMOTIONAL DISPLAYS AT WORK: AN ANALYSIS OF THE INDIVIDUAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CONSEQUENCES AMONG NURSES.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Psychology-Industrial/Organizational, 2007, University of Akron
► The current study sought to examine a neglected form of emotional labor,…
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▼ The current study sought to examine a neglected form of emotional labor, suppressing positive emotional displays. Drawing from the work of Gross (2002) on emotional regulation and Fredrickson (2006) on her broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, I developed a conceptual model linking suppressed positive emotional displays to lower resilience through changes in positive affect. Further, I explored role identification as an important moderator of this relationship. Because nursing is an occupation increasingly burdened with demands to suppress positive emotions, I tied resilience to several organizational and individual outcomes that have lately been problematic for nurses, including burnout, work-family interference, health, and turnover intentions. Tests of structural regression models indicated support for most hypothesized relationships. Suppressed positive emotional displays had a small, but statistically significant, negative, indirect effect on resilience through positive affect. No support was found for role identification as a moderator, although some main effects on other variables in the model were discovered through subsequent exploratory analyses. Resilience was found to have both direct effects on all three terminal outcomes (work-family interference, general health, and turnover intentions), as well as indirect effects through burnout. Implications, future research directions, and limitations to be addressed in future research are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lord, Robert G.
Subjects: Psychology, Industrial
Keywords: emotional labor; masking; nursing; burnout; turnover intentions; resilience
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24.
DAHL, JORGEN L.
A COMMUNICATION LIBRARY FOR PEER-TO-PEER COMMUNICATION IN MESSAGE-DRIVEN PROGRAMS.
Degree: MS, Engineering : Computer Science, 2002, University of Cincinnati
► Distributed message-driven applications, such as distributed simulation, in tightly coupled local area…
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▼ Distributed message-driven applications, such as distributed simulation, in tightly coupled local area networks often exhibit peer-to-peer communication patterns. However, high-performance communication research during the past decade have been focused on reducing the software overheads in client-server communication. Another line of research has been concentrated on achieving the performance potential of commodity systems. This thesis proposes to implement a communication library based on the MPICH, TCP,UDP, and MVICH commodity protocols. A reliable protocol for peer-to-peer communication is implemented and used in conjunction with the unreliable UDP protocol. Synthetic workloads that exhibit both peer-to-peer and client-server communication patterns are studied and performance results of using the communication library for these workloads are presented. The experiments performed in this thesis show that the implemented UDP based communication layer executing in user space outperforms the VIA based MVICH communication layer as well as MPICH and TCP for a number of synthetic workloads.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wilsey, Dr. Philip W.
Subjects: Computer Science
Keywords: peer-to-peer communication; cluster communication; reliable protocol; UDP
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25.
Dahlstrom, Erik A.
An Examination of Arousal States in Novice Whitewater Kayakers During a Weekend Instructional Experience.
Degree: Master of Science (MS), Recreation Studies (Health and Human Services), 2008, Ohio University
► Csikszentmihalyi's flow theory (1975) has been used for many years as the…
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▼ Csikszentmihalyi's flow theory (1975) has been used for many years as the basis for understanding and explaining why people recreate, why they choose a given recreational activity, and why they enjoy what they do. However little research has been conducted to determine the point at which optimal arousal is first experienced in a given activity. This study provides insight into optimal arousal states through an examination of the change in psychological states of novice whitewater kayakers during a two day instructional experience. Data were analyzed using the original flow model (Csikszentmihalyi, 1975), Optimal Arousal theory (Ellis, 1973) and the Adventure Experience Paradigm to show that optimal arousal states are dynamic states that change for each person as their skill improves and they take on new challenges.
Advisors/Committee Members: Martin, Bruce.
Subjects: Recreation
Keywords: Flow; optimal experience; adventure experience paradigm; experience sampling method; adventure recreation
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27.
Dai, De-Chang.
MODIFIED GRAVITY IN COSMOLOGY AND FUNDAMENTAL PARTICLE PHYSICS.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Physics, 2008, Case Western Reserve University
► The Standard Model of particle physics and General Relativity are very successful…
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▼ The Standard Model of particle physics and General Relativity are very successful in describing present experimental results. Both of them, however, are assumed to be low-energy approximations of a more complete theory. There are several candidate theories that are proposed to be part of a new conceptual structure beyond the Standard Model. To solve the Hierarchy problem, the energy threshold of the new theories is expected to be the TeV scale. One paradigm, low energy quantum gravity, combines the Standard Model with General Relativity and assumes the existence of extra dimensions. This paradigm predicts that TeV black holes can be produced in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In this dissertation we describe a black-hole simulator, BlackMax, for coming accelerators. The generator is based on the Monte Carlo technique and predicts the signatures of black-hole production at the LHC. The remainder of the dissertation is an example of the violation of Birkhoff's law. Birkhoff's law is analogous to a famous result of Newtonian theory, that the gravitational acceleration due to a spherical shell vanishes inside the shell. Since the universe is homogeneous and isotropic on large scales, local gravitational phenomena can be treated as local events only; and one can always ignore the influence from the distant mass distribution. This law is violated in modified gravity theories. It is shown that a spherical shell can affect the geometry in the extra dimensions. The change of geometry in the extra dimensions also changes the geometry inside the shell. The gravitational acceleration inside a spherical shell does not vanish.
Advisors/Committee Members: Starkman, Glenn.
Subjects: Particle physics
Keywords: black hole
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28.
Daiello, Vicki.
Art education at the speed of life : a philosophical inquiry into an online arts learning experience.
Degree: Master of Arts, Art Education, 2005, Ohio State University
► This thesis is a philosophical inquiry that explores issues surrounding the online…
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▼ This thesis is a philosophical inquiry that explores issues surrounding the online art education course Art Education 160D: Art and Music Since 1945, currently offered to undergraduate students at a large Midwestern university. The purpose of the thesis is to establish the foundation for future dissertation research of the ontological and epistemological experiences of students in this course. Subsumed under a hermeneutic approach, the discourses of pragmatism, phenomenology, poststructuralism, and psychoanalytic theory are drawn upon to conceptualize a philosophical and theoretical framework for the future qualitative study. Further, a grand tour question for the future dissertation is proposed: How did students interpret their experience and construct knowledge in the online course Art and Music Since 1945? Methodological topics addressed include: Issues in the development of a philosophical inquiry, problems in conceptualizing and performing online social research, and intersections of theory and philosophy for planning the future study. In addition, the terms student, knowledge, and space-time perceptions are introduced as key concepts and are investigated with the goal of exposing assumptions and suppositions that may influence research into the online course Art and Music Since 1945. Moreover, to draw attention to the tensions that can arise when meanings long associated with concepts undergo transformations in different contexts and historical milieus, the theory of remediation is examined. Supporting development of a philosophical and theoretical foundation for the future qualitative study, the review of the literature presents a survey of select issues in art education, technology and aesthetic experience, and online qualitative research methodology. The literature indicates that research of online social and education environments presents special challenges for qualitative research, particularly in studying the textual representations of people in their online communications. Further, the literature suggests that, although technology issues have been of interest to art educators, additional research into electronic learning contexts such as online arts education courses is needed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Stout, Candace J.
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29.
Daigle, Jennifer B.
AN INVESTIGATION OF NOVICE MIDDLE AND HIGH SCHOOL BAND DIRECTORS' KNOWLEDGE OF TECHNIQUES AND PEDAGOGY SPECIFIC TO THE HORN.
Degree: Master of Music (MM), Music Education, 2006, Bowling Green State University
► The purpose of this study was to determine novice middle school and…
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▼ The purpose of this study was to determine novice middle school and high school band directors’ knowledge of techniques and pedagogy specific to the horn. Ten band directors currently teaching middle or high school band and who were in their first through fourth year of teaching were interviewed. Questions were derived from current brass methods textbooks and placed in one of the following six categories: (a) collegiate background; (b) teaching background; (c) embouchure, posture and right hand placement; (d) construction of single and double horns; (e) muted, stopped and miscellaneous horn pedagogy; (f) care and maintenance. Findings from this study indicate that novice middle and high school band directors have varying amounts of knowledge and expertise of the horn and, in general, are lacking fundamental knowledge of specific horn techniques. In addition, it appears that directors have more knowledge and understanding of concepts relating to the horn that are common to all brass instruments as opposed to concepts associated specifically with the horn.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hayward, Carol.
Subjects: Education, Music
Keywords: Instrumental Music Education; Horn; Methods Classes; Instrumental Technique Classes; Secondary Instruments; Horn Pedagogy; Brass Pedagogy; Band
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30.
DAIGLE, LEAH ELIZABETH.
GENDER DIFFERENCE IN JUVENILE MISCONDUCT: REVISITING THE GENERALITY-SPECIFICITY DEBATE.
Degree: PhD, Education : Criminal Justice, 2005, University of Cincinnati
► In attempting to explain male and female delinquency, theorists have taken two…
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▼ In attempting to explain male and female delinquency, theorists have taken two distinct approaches. In the first approach, theories that purport to be general have been used. In these theories, the same explanatory concepts are utilized to explain both male and female delinquency. In the second approach, a gendered explanation is used in which different variables are thought to be relevant in explaining male and female delinquency. This disagreement has spurred the development of the generality-specificity debate that centers on the question of whether general or gender-specific theories should be developed and applied to delinquency. In response to this debate, empirical examinations have been carried out to examine if traditional criminological theories can explain both gender’s delinquency participation. In addition, feminist researchers have also examined whether females’ unique experiences are related to engaging in delinquency. What this body of research has not done, however, is examined the etiology of delinquency across theoretical perspectives. As such, the current study addresses the generality-specificity debate by including variables from the feminist perspective, traditional criminological theory, and the life-course perspective. To meet this objective, data on 3,419 youths from the National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health (Add Health) was used. Findings from the first stage of analysis revealed that males and females do differ in their levels of involvement in overall delinquency, nonviolent delinquency, and violent delinquency. Results from the multivariate analysis showed that there are some similarities in the predictors of male and female delinquency and substance use. For example, delinquent peers, victimization, and prior delinquent and substance abuse involvement were relatively robust predictors for both males and females. Despite these similarities, differences in the predictors across gender were discovered. For females’ delinquency, depression, autonomy, traditional strain, attachment to friends, and risky behavior are related. Males’ delinquency, on the other hand, is explained by general strain variables, involvement in sports, attention deficits, and pubertal development. These findings suggest the following conclusions: (1) the predictors of male and female delinquency differ across type of delinquency; (2) there are both similarities and differences in the predictors across gender; and (3) gender-specific approaches should be further examined for their applicability to delinquency. The implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are also discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Cullen, Dr. Francis T.
Subjects: Sociology, Criminology and Penology
Keywords: Delinquency; Gender; Juvenile; Feminist Perspective; Life-Course Perspective; Strain Theory; Social Bond Theory; Peers; Substance Use
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