666 matches in the database.
These are records: 1 - 30.
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] … [23]
1.
Fabbri, Renaud.
Frithjof Schuon: The Shining Realm of the Pure Intellect.
Degree: Master of Arts, Religion, 2007, Miami University
► This thesis provides an intellectual biography of the Perennialist philosopher and Sufi…
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▼ This thesis provides an intellectual biography of the Perennialist philosopher and Sufi Shaykh Frithjof Schuon (1907-1998). I have argued that Schuon’s message is best understood as an autonomous path of knowledge (jnana-marga), ritually based on Islam but centered on the Religio Perennis. I have also compared and contrasted it to certain metaphysical doctrines and contemplative disciplines of the Hindu monastic traditions (Advaita Vedanta, Vishishtadvaita Vedanta, Samkhya-yoga, Kashmiri Shaivism, etc…) and certain Gnostic schools of Sufism (wahdat al-wujud, Shadhili ritual practice, etc…), to none of which can it be reduced in the last instance.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wilson, Elizabeth.
Subjects: Religion, Philosophy of
Keywords: Frithjof Schuon; Sufism; Vedanta; Perennialism; Metaphysics; Islam; Hinduism
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2.
Faber, Jennifer A.
HOLOCAUST MEMORY AND MUSEUMS IN THE UNITED STATES: PROBLEMS OF REPRESENTATION.
Degree: Master of Arts, History, 2005, Miami University
► Despite the fact that the Holocaust took place in a distant location…
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▼ Despite the fact that the Holocaust took place in a distant location and involved but a few Americans, numerous communities and local governments have chosen to memorialize the event within the United States. This paper will address issues of representation of the Holocaust, specifically in museums, and will contemplate possible alternatives for museum exhibitions. Museums provide a unique opportunity to investigate Holocaust memory. Museum visitors not only learn through their experiences in exhibitions, but they also walk away with some sense of themselves and the world around them. Suggestions for alternatives or alterations to the narrative style of Holocaust museums, such as an atmosphere that encourages and demands visitors to ask questions of themselves and the knowledge that is presented to them, will also be considered. Such questioning by both museum visitors and historians is essential in effectively representing and attempting to understand the Holocaust.
Advisors/Committee Members: Winkler, Allan.
Subjects: History, United States
Keywords: Holocaust; Museums; Holocaust memory
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3.
Fadia, Tanvi.
Gender Differences In Muscle Fatigue during isometric contraction.
Degree: Master of Science in Exercise Science, Exercise Science, 2005, University of Toledo
► Women are capable of longer endurance time compared with men for contractions…
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▼ Women are capable of longer endurance time compared with men for contractions performed at low intensities. The purpose of the study was to compare endurance time, EMG characteristics, muscle blood flow (MBF) and recovery time between men (n =10) and women (n =10) at 20%, 50% and 80% MVC using handgrip dynamometer while performing continuous fatigue protocol. The absolute forces for men was significantly greater then women (389.9 ± 10.11 vs. 215.83 ± 5.6, F=53.420, p<0.001, ηp2= 0.748). However, there was no significant difference in the endurance time between men and women at 20% (262.80 ± 100.89 vs. 336 ± 159.03, p= 0.235); 50% (63.80 ± 23.3 vs. 64.4 ± 29.97, p =0.961) and 80% MVC (14.30 ± 7.36 vs. 13.10 ± 7.25, p= 0.718). Normalized IEMG between men and women increased in a similar non-linear fashion over time during all the three intensities, with the magnitude of NIEMG being proportional to the intensity of contraction. MBF increased from the onset of contraction to fatigue in both men and women (19.629-66.313 ± 2.135 ml/min, p<0.05). At exercise times ≥ 60% of total time to exhaustion, MBF was higher (p<0.05) in men compared to women. However when MBF was expressed relative to muscle mass, there was no difference between men and women at any time point examined. Also after reaching exhaustion, the percent decrease in MVC force (N) was significantly greater following the 20% MVC (mean ± SD, 34.97% ± 10.84%) and 50% MVC (mean ± SD, 33.01% ± 7.59%), than the 80% MVC (mean ± SD, 23.55% ± 4.35%). The time course of MVC force recovery was significantly greater following the 20% MVC and 50% MVC, than the 80% MVC. The percent MVC force decrease at 45 min was not observed to be significantly different between the three different contraction intensities (mean ± SD, 20% MVC: 8.53% ± 4.52%; 50% MVC: 6.56% ± 13.80%; 80% MVC: 6.10% ± 8.49%). In conclusion, considerable inter-subject variability resulted in a similar endurance time between genders at low intensity. However, the results of this study indicate that gender difference in muscle fatigue as reported in previous studies may not be related to absolute and relative force or relative muscle blood flow. The difference in absolute muscle blood with men requiring higher blood flow to maintain the same relative force as women may be related to gender differences in muscle fatigue. Also, the related increase in IEMG and decrease in force after the exhaustion is related to the intensity of the effort.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pincivero, Danny.
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4.
Faehmel, Babette.
CLASS, GENDER, AND DELINQUENCY IN POST WORLD WAR II HAMILTON COUNTY, OHIO, 1945-1961.
Degree: MA, Arts and Sciences : History, 2000, University of Cincinnati
► This thesis deals with the rhetoric and practice of juvenile justice as…
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▼ This thesis deals with the rhetoric and practice of juvenile justice as propagated by officials of the Hamilton County Court of Domestic Relations in Cincinnati, Ohio. The main focus of the analysis at hand lies on the fifteen years following the end of the Second World War. However, in many respects the policies of the Court were characterized by continuities. For this reason, I have chosen to begin the story of the Court at its beginning in the early twentieth century. Throughout its existence, the Court reacted to changes in the structure of American families, gender roles, and the sexual behavior of youth. The post World War II era stands out in one specific respect. Until the 1940s, experts considered delinquency, sexual promiscuity and familial conflicts primarily a problem of the lower classes. Postwar experts, by contrast, started to focus on the American family in general. Experts’ outcries over the issue of delinquency reached extreme dimensions because the middle class no longer seemed to be immune. The perceived spread of a crisis of the family into the middle class boosted the Hamilton County Court’s authority. In the early postwar period, the Court lobbied successfully for public support that it had craved for two previous decades. However, after the initial panic calmed down, middle class observers realized that the coercive measures, which the Court had applied to reform lower-class families, had now turned against their own children. Criticism directed against the traditional structure of the Court initiated a nationwide transformation of the juvenile justice system culminating in a series of Supreme Court decisions in the late Sixties. The roots for this transformation lie in the influx of middle class youth into the traditional delinquency population in the period following the Second World War.
Advisors/Committee Members: Durrill, Wayne K.
Keywords: Youth; Sexuality; Adolescence; Status Offenses
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5.
Faehnle, Amanda M.
Between Margin and Center: Negotiations at the Boundary.
Degree: MARCH, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Architecture, 2009, University of Cincinnati
► Storage/Layering/Doubling: The construction of identity is a product of our memories of…
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▼ Storage/Layering/Doubling: The construction of identity is a product of our memories of place. Tropes/Shadows/Phantoms: The historical development of place has been derived from a single perspective. Borders/Surrounds/Penetrations: The border exists between and defines margin and center. Ruptures/Release/Openings: We must challenge this process of hegemonic place-making.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sansalone, Vincent.
Subjects: Architecture
Keywords: border; memory; identity; place-making
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6.
Faeth, Michael T.
CORE AMBITION, PERIPHERAL POWER: THE SPANISH COLONIAL EMPIRE IN PRACTICE.
Degree: Master of Arts, History, 2007, University of Akron
► This essay examines the notions of social deviancy within the Spanish Empire…
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▼ This essay examines the notions of social deviancy within the Spanish Empire from a trans-Atlantic perspective. Using this perspective I have found that the construction of social and cultural identities both for Spaniards and Indigenous peoples was unique due to both a merging of different ideologies and the new spatial plane in which these events took place.
Advisors/Committee Members: Levin, Michael.
Keywords: Mexico; Spain; History; Colonization; Deviancy
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7.
Fagen, Danielle M.
Perceptions of Collective Efficacy among Abused Women in Rural Appalachia.
Degree: Master of Arts (MA), Sociology (Arts and Sciences), 2005, Ohio University
► This qualitative and exploratory study examines perceptions of collective efficacy from the…
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▼ This qualitative and exploratory study examines perceptions of collective efficacy from the perspective of survivors of domestic violence. The research draws upon a purposive sample of 43 abused women from rural Appalachian communities. Data were gathered using semi-structured interviews. The survey taped respondents’ perceptions of community during periods of intimate violence. Findings showed a lack of collective efficacy for rural battered women as well as a web of obstacles that entraps them in cycles of violence.
Advisors/Committee Members: Schwartz, Martin.
Keywords: Domestic Violence; Collective efficacy; Rural
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8.
Fahd, Faisal.
Risk Assessment Approach for Evaluating Recycled Materials Use in Road Construction: A Pilot Study.
Degree: Master of Science in Civil Engineering, Civil Engineering, 2008, University of Toledo
► Large quantities of industrial by-products like steel slag, fly ash and bottom…
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▼ Large quantities of industrial by-products like steel slag, fly ash and bottom ash are produced as residues. A fraction of these by-products are being reused in structural fills and roads while the rest is being disposed in landfills. If the use of these by-products in roads as base layers is encouraged then we can save on the environmental contamination that the extraction of natural aggregates causes. Large areas of land are allocated for landfill sites. If the by-products are reused in roads then we can save on the land sites and also save on the costs of extraction (mining, crushing etc) of the natural aggregates. This research calculates the possible human health risks to construction workers working with the by-products in road construction. This thesis also calculates the risk to groundwater due to the placing of these by-products in road base layers. The risk model was created to assess the risk to construction workers and groundwater also incorporates results from a fate and transport model, HYDRUS for assessing the risk to groundwater In risk assessment for construction workers, average daily dose (intake) of each constituent metal of the industrial waste material to a construction worker was calculated. The calculated average daily dose was compared with reference dose and slope factors of that metal to find the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk pertaining to the ingestion, dermal contact and inhalation of by-products. The industrial by-products placed in the base layers of the roads can seep through the soil profile and enter the ground water table. The concentrations that ultimately reach the ground water were calculated using HYDRUS. The results from HYDRUS were plugged back in the excel model to assess the risk to ground water. The concentrations of the metals in ground water were multiplied with their slope factors to obtain carcinogenic risk, and the same concentrations in ground water were divided over the reference dose to obtain the noncarcinogenic risk The risk value should be less than 1 in a million to term “no risk” due to carcinogenic effects from that metal to humans and the value for hazard quotient for noncarcinogenic risk should be less than 1. The results from the risk model suggested no carcinogenic risk due to inhalation to construction workers from any of the slag types in road construction. However, some constituent metals in the steel slag appeared to pose a carcinogenic risk due to particulate ingestion. These were chromium and beryllium in all the slag types and cadmium and nickel causing risk only in basic oxygen slag and electric arc furnace slag. When the noncarcinogenic risk was assessed of various types of steel slag for construction workers, there were some hazard quotiont values higher than 1, the target risk value. The high risk values in the results suggest that a probabilistic risk approach should be adopted rather than a conservative and deterministic present approach. Also limitations of data on bioaccessibility, reference dose and slope factors contributed to high risk values in this research.
Advisors/Committee Members: Apul, Defne.
Subjects: Biomedical research; Civil engineering; Earth; Ecology; Engineering; Environmental engineering; Environmental science; Epidemiology; Occupational safety
Keywords: Risk Assessment; steel slag; risk; risk model; recycled materials; road base layers; hydrus; partition coefficients
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9.
Fahey, Denise M.
Parent volunteer patterns in schools: an ontological exploratory model.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Educational Policy and Leadership, 2007, Ohio State University
► While its importance and impact on students and schools has been the…
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▼ While its importance and impact on students and schools has been the focus of much research, as a construct unto itself, parent volunteerism has received very little attention. In fact, there is no clear agreement as to what constitutes parent volunteerism or even an understanding as to what types of jobs are generally considered to be parent volunteer activities. Moving toward a definition, this study presents an ontology of four different subgroups of parents and how they elect to participate in either high risk or low risk volunteer activities for educational organizations. High risk activities include those tasks or jobs in which parent volunteers have access to sensitive student information, or assume responsibility for school-aged children, school-owned equipment, or government property. Low risk activities include those that typically do not place children, the school, or the volunteer in legal jeopardy. Each ontology contains three coefficients representing the relationship between the attributes for personal time availability, socio-economic status, and social and cultural capital and either High Risk volunteer tasks or Low Risk activities. Using Structural Equation Modeling of data taken from the Special Volunteer Supplement of the Current Population Survey of 2005 reveals that parent’s time availability and socio-economic status are not significant predictors of their self-determinations of the activities they performed as volunteers. On the other hand, social and cultural capital is a very strong predictor, especially for minority mothers. Other findings show that parents consider their volunteer activities as being strongly task-oriented, that fathers engage in more activities dealing directly with children, while mothers engage in more social activities such as serving on committees.
Advisors/Committee Members: Loadman, William E.
Subjects: Education, Administration
Keywords: Parent Volunteerism, Ontology, Education
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11.
Fahim, Mahdi H.
Advantages of Using the ANSI/ASHRAE 110-1995 Tracer Gas Test Method Versus the ANSI/AIHA Z9.5-1992 Face Velocity Test Method for Chemical Laboratory Hood Certification.
Degree: Master of Science in Occupational Health (MSOH), College of Health Sciences, 2007, University of Toledo Health Science Campus
► A total of 484 tests were performed on chemical laboratory Hoods (chemical…
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▼ A total of 484 tests were performed on chemical laboratory Hoods (chemical hoods), using the ANSI/AIHA Z9.5-1992 (American National Standard Institute / American Industrial Hygiene Association, Laboratory Ventilation Standard) test method (ANSI-1992). Same numbers of the tests were performed on same chemical hoods, using the ANSI/ASHRAE 110-1995 (American National Standards Institute/American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers, Method of Testing Performance of Laboratory Fume Hoods) test method (ASHRAE 110). The three types of chemical hoods available for this study were Constant Air Volume (CAV), Variable Air Volume (VAV), and Low Flow. Overall, CAV hoods had the highest passing rate for the ASHRAE 110 (83%) followed by VAV hoods (82%) and low flow hoods (68%). The X2 test for homogeneity found a statistically significant difference between the test outcomes (pass/fail) of the ASHRAE 110 and the ANSI-1992 methods (X2 = 4.248, P=0.038) for VAV hoods only. Overall, 18% of the CAV and VAV chemical hoods tested in the 80-120 feet per minute (fpm) average face velocities, failed to meet the ASHRAE 110 test criteria. If the ANSI-1992 test method was performed alone, 18% of the chemical hoods would be certified while they were not able to meet the ASHRAE 110 criteria. Logistic regression analysis for VAV and CAV chemical hoods revealed that for VAV chemical hoods, the ASHRAE = Velocity model and for CAV chemical hoods, the multi variable regression model ASHRAE = ANSI + Velocity were appeared to be the best model for the ASHRAE 110 test outcome prediction.
Advisors/Committee Members: Milz, Sheryl.
Keywords: ASHRAE 110; Chemical Hood; ZNSI Z9.5
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12.
Fahrni, Jason K.
Assessment of the Severity, Sources, and Meteorological Transport of Ambient and Wet Deposited Mercury in the Ohio River Valley Airshed.
Degree: Master of Science (MS), Environmental Studies (Arts and Sciences), 2005, Ohio University
► Mercury deposition from the atmosphere to the surface is resulting in fishing…
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▼ Mercury deposition from the atmosphere to the surface is resulting in fishing and health advisories across the United States. Coal-fired electric power plants are currently considered as the largest U.S. mercury sources. This research project undertakes a comprehensive investigation into the nature of mercury release by quantifying it in all three atmospheric forms. Elemental mercury (Hg0) is a very volatile long-range global constituent; Reactive Gaseous Mercury (RGM) is a local, rapidly depositing species that originates from point-sources and is produced in chemical reactions; Particulate Mercury (Hgp) is source-specific, occurring in low, stable levels. A continuous monitoring effort between July 27, 2004 and March 19, 2005 facilitates an explanation of the mercury problem in Athens, Ohio. In addition, ten months of weekly precipitation sampling data indicate how local deposition compares to modeled predictions. This research is crucial to the people of the Appalachian region, characterized by many coal-fired power plants and largely dependent on recreational and fishing attractions. An answer to the mercury deposition question provides the Ohio River Valley Region with a political voice for potential regulation of mercury and affiliated health implications. All data is collected at the Ohio University Air Quality Center, 7760 North Blackburn Road, Athens, Ohio. The Tekran (Toronto, Ontario) is used for continuous mercury data acquisition, while weekly integrated precipitation samples are accumulated by an Aerochem Metrics collector. Continuous co-pollutant and meteorological data provide indications of mercury origination, chemical reactions controlling the local mercury cycle, and leads to rudimentary mercury point-source identification. Results indicate that atmospheric mercury concentrations occur in levels typical and predicted for this latitude. However, certain plume episodes display a loss of total mercury within the plume. While this indicates that air coming from coal-fired power plants is actually cleaner in mercury than background air, an approximation of mercury reactions and subsequent deposition from plumes is needed. Furthermore, most mercury (99%) affecting Athens is background Hg0, mostly originating abroad, from China and India. Therefore, the effectiveness of large local pollution control investments is currently questionable. Additional study is needed to further explain the dynamic nature of gaseous mercury.
Advisors/Committee Members: Crist, Kevin.
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Elemental Mercury; Reactive Gasseous Mercury; Coal-fired Power Plant; Plume; Meteorology
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13.
FAIDI, WASEEM IBRAHIM.
THEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF THE THERMOELECTRICALLY INDUCED MAGNETIC FIELD IN THERMOELECTRIC METAL MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION.
Degree: PhD, Engineering : Aerospace Engineering, 2002, University of Cincinnati
► The objective of this study is to demonstrate that the thermoelectric coupling…
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▼ The objective of this study is to demonstrate that the thermoelectric coupling inherent in metal materials can be exploited as a viable mean in characterizing material imperfections in a noncontacting way. These include, but not limited to, inclusions, inhomogeneity, and anisotropy. Essentially all existing thermoelectric techniques are based on the well-know Seebeck effect that is used in thermocouples to measure temperature at the junction of two different conductors. These conventional techniques are solely sensitive to intrinsic material variations regardless of the shape and surface quality of the specimen to be inspected. However, they require a very good metallic contact between the specimen and the reference electrode; therefore the detectability of small material variations and imperfections is limited by the presence of the imperfect contact. On the other hand, the new noncontacting thermoelectric method uses the surrounding intact material as the reference electrode; thus provides perfect interface between the region to be tested and the surrounding material. The first part of this work deals with infinitely extended media and develops theoretical models to predict the thermoelectric magnetic field around the material imperfections. The already available results for conical inclusion geometries are extended to present more complicated-geometry inclusions. The effects of the shape and orientation of the inclusion on the signal magnitude were investigated. Furthermore, the presence of the material anisotropy is introduced and modeled. Results are obtained for the case of holes and inclusions in infinitely extended media. Like most other methods used in nondestructive evaluation, the detection sensitivity of the noncontacting thermoelectric method is limited by unwanted background signal that interferes with, and often, conceals the flaw signal to be detected. The second part of this work is devoted to model such background signal in finite-size specimens. Two sources of the thermoelectric background signal are considered, namely, material inhomogeneity and anisotropy. The predictions of the analytical models resemble the experimental results recorded in the literature.
Advisors/Committee Members: Nayfeh, Dr. Adnan H.
Subjects: Engineering, Aerospace
Keywords: nandestructive evaluation; thermoelectric coupling; inclusions; metal characterization; magnetic detections
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14.
Faidley, LeAnn Elizabeth.
Characterization and modeling of ferromagnetic shape memory Ni-Mn-Ga in a collinear stress-field configuration.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Mechanical Engineering, 2006, Ohio State University
► Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys (FSMAs) in the Nickel-Manganese-Gallium system have been shown…
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▼ Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys (FSMAs) in the Nickel-Manganese-Gallium system have been shown to exhibit large magnetically induced strains of up to 9.5% due to magnetically driven twin variant reorientation. In order for these strains to be reversible, restoring stresses or magnetic fields need to be applied orthogonal to the drive field. This leads to a typical implementation of Ni Mn-Ga in applications involving the use of electromagnets, which tend to be heavy, bulky and narrowband. This dissertation presents the investigation of the behavior of Ni[50]Mn[28.7]Ga[21.3] in a unique configuration in which a magnetic field produced by a solenoid is applied along the axis of a cylindrical rod and the strain is measured collinearly to the field while axial loads are applied. A strain mechanism is proposed where imperfections and inclusions in the sample create internal stresses that provide the restoring forces while also limiting the maximum strain from the sample by limiting the motion of the twin boundaries. This mechanism explains the presence and reduced magnitude of the -0.41% quasi-static strain that has been measured in this sample in the collinear configuration. This dissertation also expands the experimental testing of Ni-Mn-Ga into the dynamic domain most usually found in applications through a set of swept-sine tests. These tests demonstrate a 250% shift of elastic modulus with applied dc bias field that makes these materials extremely promising for variable stiffness applications. Finally, this document presents a model for the strain of Ni-Mn-Ga. A Gibb's Free Energy approach is used to describe an idealized hysteresis kernel that does not account for the inhomogeneities in pinning site strength and internal field. A stochastic homogenization method is then implemented that estimates the inhomogeneities as probability distributions. The implementation and testing of this model is discussed in detail and results showing simulations that fall within 3% of the data are presented demonstrating the power of this method for future design and control of applications for Ni-Mn-Ga in solenoid based transducers.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dapino, Marcelo.
Subjects: Engineering, Mechanical
Keywords: Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys; Ni-Mn-Ga; collinear configuration
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15.
Faigin, Carol Ann.
Filling the Spiritual Void: Spiritual Struggles as a Risk Factor for Addiction.
Degree: Master of Arts (MA), Psychology/Clinical, 2008, Bowling Green State University
► Research has provided robust evidence that religious/spiritual variables can serve as protective…
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▼ Research has provided robust evidence that religious/spiritual variables can serve as protective factors against developing addictive behaviors, such as substance-related abuse (see review by Booth and Martin, 1998). However, there is a dearth of empirical data investigating religious/spiritual variables as risk factors in the development of addictive behaviors. One such variable, spiritual struggles, is receiving increased attention and has been linked empirically to various negative psychological and physical outcomes (see review by Ano and Vasconcelles, 2005). Additionally, the majority of addiction research has focused on substance-related abuse and has largely overlooked other behavioral expressions of addiction (e.g., addictions to shopping, sex, gambling, etc.). The current study longitudinally examined spiritual struggles as a predictor in the development of addictive behaviors among a sample of freshmen college students. Findings indicate that spiritual struggles predicted a statistically significant increase in 11 of 15 measures of addictive behavior. Additionally, specific domains of spiritual struggle (e.g., divine, interpersonal, and intrapersonal) were shown to predict change in addictive behavior over time. These results suggest that spiritual struggles may be a risk factor in the development of a wide range of addictive behaviors for first-year college students. Limitations and practical implications are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pargament, Kenneth.
Subjects: Psychology
Keywords: Religious coping; spiritual struggles; spirituality; addiction; substance use; risk factors
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16.
Faigin, David A.
COMPARING LIVE AND VIDEO-TAPED THEATRICAL PERFORMANCE IN CHANGING STIGMATIZING ATTITUDES TOWARDS PEOPLE WITH SERIOUS MENTAL ILLNESS.
Degree: Master of Arts (MA), Psychology/Clinical, 2006, Bowling Green State University
► Social stigma can have a devastating effect on the lives of people…
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▼ Social stigma can have a devastating effect on the lives of people coping with serious mental illness. The present study compared the effectiveness of live and video-taped theatrical presentations in reducing stigmatization of people living with serious mental illness. Attitudes related to tolerance and future contact with people with serious mental illness are assessed before, and after exposure to either 1) live performance 2) video-taped performance or 3) no performance in the context of a college course. Results indicate that the students who witnessed a live performance and the students who watched a video of the play generally reported significantly more tolerance towards those with serious mental illness compared to the control group immediately following the presentations, and one month later.
Advisors/Committee Members: Stein, Catherine H.
Keywords: Stigma; Tolerance; Serious mental illness; Theater; Video; Classroom-based Interventions
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17.
Failla, David Michael II.
Friction Stir Welding and Microstructure Simulation of HSLA-65 and Austenitic Stainless Steel.
Degree: Master of Science, Welding Engineering, 2009, Ohio State University
► Friction stir welding has recently become an attractive process for the joining…
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▼ Friction stir welding has recently become an attractive process for the joining of steels. Interest in using this welding process to join steels has become popular due to advancements in friction stir welding tool development. Wear resistant - high temperature tools have been developed, which allow friction stir welding of high melting temperature materials. One such material the U.S. Navy is interested in joining with friction stir welding is a high-strength low-alloy steel (HSLA-65). The U.S. Navy plans to replace the current ship haul steel, DH-36, with HSLA-65, but conventional arc welding processes result with major distortion. A post-flame straitening process must be used to solve the distortion problem. Friction stir welding of HSLA-65 would result with less distortion, which would avoid subjecting the material to the flame straitening process. The work presented here on friction stir welding of HSLA-65 is a continuation of previous investigation conducted by Norton and Sinfield (1; 2). From these previous two studies, it was suggested that austenitic stainless steel be friction stir welded to observe the high temperature behavior of the stir zone material. During this investigation Type 310 stainless steel was friction stir welded to observe the resulting microstructure. A preheating method was tested during the friction stir welding of Type 310 stainless steel. Heat generation from frictional heating in austenitic stainless steel is difficult due to the low thermal conductivity. This is one of the reasons which contribute the difficulties of friction stir welding Type 310 stainless steel. The preheating method was used with successful results. A visually acceptable weld was produced with minimal weld discontinuities and the discontinuities which were present originated from embedded thermocouples. Friction stir welds were also conducted on HSLA-65 to determine the effects of various weld parameters on the resulting microstructure. A high and low tool rotational speed with other weld variables constant was tested. The resulting microstructures from these two welds were similar, which indicated that tool rotational speed is a robust weld parameter. A high and low travel speed with other weld variables constant was tested. The results indicated that travel speed affects the resulting microstructure much more than variations in tool rotational speed. Hot torsion tests were conducted on Type 310 and 304L stainless steel using the Gleeble torsion unit. The purpose of the hot torsion tests were to simulate the microstructure which results from friction stir welding these material and to collect torque data so estimated shear flow stress data could be calculated. The torsion tests successfully simulated the different regions of a Type 310 friction stir weld and simulated most regions of a Type 304L friction stir weld. Estimated shear flow stress values generated during the testing were calculated for both materials, with shear flow stress in Type 310 being greater than the shear flow stress in Type 304L. The reported results from the friction stir welding of Type 310 and HSLA-65, along with the calculated shear flow stress value from the hot torsion testing are intended to aid in the development of the US Navy’s friction stir welding simulation model for HSLA-65.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lippold, John.
Subjects: Engineering; Materials science
Keywords: friction stir welding; HSLA-65; Type 310 stainless steel; Type 304L stainless steel; Hot torsion Testing
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19.
FAIRBANKS, MEGAN ANN.
well-being: social+physical+psychological+spiritual.
Degree: MA, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Architecture (Master of), 2008, University of Cincinnati
► In today's building design, there is so much focus on innovation and…
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▼ In today's building design, there is so much focus on innovation and technology that the well-being of the user is often overlooked and not taken into account. Instead of benefiting its users, the building is harmful to them and their social, physical, psychological and spiritual health is compromised. To counteract this current trend of technologically, but not user-focused buildings, a building that is designed based upon user-health seems necessary. Not only should this building promote overall well-being, but it should also teach such a lifestyle to its inhabitants. This will be most useful in an environment centered around learning that is also an integral part of an existing community and is closely associated and involved with a natural setting. It must attempt to integrate social, physical, psychological and spiritual qualities so all elements of the program can work both individually and collectively toward an overall well-being. Not only should those being taught and those teaching benefit from this building, but the existing community should also have access in order to improve upon their collective well-being as well.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bible, George Thomas.
Subjects: Architecture
Keywords: well-being; social; patterns
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20.
FAIRBANKS, MICHAEL STEWART.
MINIMIZING CONGESTION IN PEER-TO-PEER NETWORKS UNDER THE PRESENCE OF GUARDED NODES.
Degree: MS, Engineering : Computer Science, 2006, University of Cincinnati
► This thesis addresses the problem of neighbor selection and congestion in a…
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▼ This thesis addresses the problem of neighbor selection and congestion in a peer-to-peer network constructed with a mixture of public and guarded nodes. Current overlay construction typically relies on a nearest neighbor algorithm and two-way communication between peers. In many environments two-way communication is not a possibility. Most neighbor selection algorithms are not able to construct an overlay under such conditions since not all peers are able to send and receive messages. We propose a neighbor selection algorithm that incorporates a node’s lifetime and number of resources to overcome these obstacles. We evaluate the performance of this neighbor selection algorithm by measuring the congestion in the network. In actual environments where firewalls exist our neighbor selection algorithm has been shown to reduce the total congestion by 2.5% compared to a nearest neighbor algorithm.
Advisors/Committee Members: Annexstein, Dr. Fred.
Subjects: Computer Science
Keywords: Neighbor Selection; overlay construction; firewall; peer-to-peer performance; p2p
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21.
Fair, Barbara A.
Growth response and adaptability of acer rubrum and acer XFREEMANII cultivars to soil compaction.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Agricultural, Environmental and Development Economics, 2005, Ohio State University
► Numerous research projects have investigated the tolerance of Acer spp. to flooding…
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▼ Numerous research projects have investigated the tolerance of Acer spp. to flooding and drought. A major objective of the current study was to assess the growth response and adaptability of cultivars of A. rubrum and A. xfreemanii to soil compaction- a commonly cited problem in landscapes and nursery production. Both field and greenhouse experiments were used to evaluate the effects of soil compaction on the trees. In the field, soil was compacted in a randomized block design in 2001 prior to planting and again in selected plots in 2002. Trees were fertilized at either 101.0 g L-1 or 25.3 g L-1 nitrogen fertilizer prior to planting in the field in October 2001 in a split-plot design. Soil and growth parameters were measured over a 3-year period. Soil compaction significantly increased bulk density, reducing total porosity, void ratio and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Trees growing in compacted plots showed a significant decrease in some, but not all of the biomass measures throughout the study period. Cultivar type had a consistently significant effect on tree growth. Acer xfreemanii Celebrationä outperformed all other cultivars when grown under any soil treatment. These affects may be due to a reduction in soil or plant hydraulic conductivity. Trees treated with 101.0 g L-1 nitrogen showed significantly larger values for most growth parameters as compared to the trees treated with 25.3 g L-1 nitrogen. However, the trees receiving the higher fertilizer rate did not show greater adaptability to compacted soils. Various greenhouse experiments attempted to mimic field conditions. PVC pipe pots served as intact lysimeters and trees were grown in these over a number of years. Growth parameters and soil conditions were measured over a 3-year period. Again, as bulk density increased total porosity, void ratio and saturated hydraulic conductivity were significantly decreased. In most years, transpiration was significantly reduced as compaction increased. Stomatal conductance was also reduced with an increase in soil density. Soil gas sampling indicated sufficient concentrations of O2 present in both low and high-compaction soil treatments. As in the field, cultivar treatment was highly significant. There were inconsistent responses for some tree growth parameters when evaluated across the various compaction treatments. Some cultivars were more adversely impacted by the compaction than were others.
Advisors/Committee Members: Metzger, James D.
Subjects: Agriculture, Forestry and Wildlife
Keywords: soil compaction, bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, soil gas analysis, transpiration
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22.
Faircloth, Glenn L. Jr.
A Qualitative Study/Counter-StoryTelling: A Counter-Narrative of Literacy Education For African American Males.
Degree: Doctor of Education, Educational Leadership, 2009, Miami University
► Black males are portrayed….in a limited number of roles, most of them…
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▼ Black males are portrayed….in a limited number of roles, most of them deviant, dangerous, and dysfunctional… This constant barrage of predominantly disturbing images inevitably contributes to the public’s negative stereotypes of black men, particularly of those who are perceived as young, hostile, and impulsive. Clearly, the message says: If they entertain you, enjoy them (at a safe distance); if they serve you, avoid them. Thus, young black males are stereotyped by the five “d’s”: dumb, deprived, dangerous, deviant, and disturbed. There is no room in this picture for comprehension, caring, or compassion of the plight of these black men (Gibbs, 1988). The purpose of this study is to tell the story of what some African American males experience with literacy as they matriculate through high school; using the reading portion of the Ohio Graduation Test as a precursor. I am interested in this area of research for two reasons. First, reading is the fundamental basis for all academic learning. Secondly, I want to tell the story of the struggles, successes, alienation, and acceptance that these young men may have experienced while trying to read. The four chapters of this study include the development, the process,the results of the research, and the implications of this study.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dantley, Michael.
Subjects: African Americans
Keywords: African American males
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23.
Fair, Demetra Baferos.
Flutists’ family tree: in search of the American Flute School.
Degree: Doctor of Musical Arts, Music, 2003, Ohio State University
► For decades, American flutists have sought to identify specific traits that define…
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▼ For decades, American flutists have sought to identify specific traits that define their playing as a whole. While the “French School” has been characterized by a preoccupation with tone, a standard repertoire, and set of teaching materials written by Paris Conservatoire professors, no such definition can yet be set forth for the “American School.” This document provides a clear starting point for research into the what, where, why, and how of the “American Flute School” by first identifying who is associated with that school. By tracing the lineage of transverse flute playing from teacher to student through the past 300 years, we may identify orchestral flutist, soloist, and teacher, Georges Barrère, as a primary influence upon American flute playing. Barrère and his students – and his students’ students – have taught approximately 91% of all living flutists in the United States today. Of that vast number, approximately 87% can trace their heritage (through one or more of their teachers) to Barrère student William Kincaid, renowned flutist of the Philadelphia Orchestra and pedagogue at the Curtis Institute of Music. It is important to note that most modern musicians study with more than one teacher over the course of their career (usually between three and eight). By looking at the data from different perspectives, we can see a second important tradition of flute playing descend from Georges Laurent, principal flutist of the Boston Symphony Orchestra and instructor at the New England Conservatory of Music, including approximately 59% of American flutists. A third tradition of flute playing in America (including roughly 55% of American flutists) descends from French flutist and pedagogue, Marcel Moyse, who taught summer classes in Vermont for several decades after a lengthy career in Paris. Each of these influential pedagogues graduated from the Paris Conservatoire, having studied with the distinguished master, Paul Taffanel. A lengthy appendix of biographical information contains data for more than 8,000 flutists, obtained from a combination of primary and secondary source material, and will underpin numerous related studies as we continue to define the “American Flute School.”
Advisors/Committee Members: Jones, Katherine Borst.
Subjects: Music
Keywords: American flute school; ancestry; William Kincaid; Georges Barrere; music
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24.
Fairfield, Kristina N.
Across the Boneyard.
Degree: Master of Fine Arts (MFA), Creative Writing, 2008, Bowling Green State University
► My poems explore the life of inmates and the people who are…
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▼ My poems explore the life of inmates and the people who are around these men everyday. They explore not only the stereotypes that are typically associated with inmates today, they also show that even though these men have committed criminal acts they are people who sometimes can find salvation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Muir, Sharona.
Subjects: English literature
Keywords: Prison; Poetry
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25.
Fairman, Jonathan George Jr.
Investigating Paleoclimatic Conditions in the Tropical Andes Using A 2-D Model of Glacial Mass Energy Balance and Ice Flow.
Degree: Master of Science, Atmospheric Sciences, 2006, Ohio State University
► Glaciers in the tropical highlands are important and highly sensitive indicators of…
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▼ Glaciers in the tropical highlands are important and highly sensitive indicators of global climate change over different time scales. We apply a physically based, 2-D, glacier model to reconstruct steady-state glacier forms and mass distributions for a range of tropical climatic conditions in the Cordillera Blanca, Peru (8-10°S) and the Cordillera Real, Bolivia (16° S). The model is based on gridded digital elevation data, computes the effects of topography on the largest component of surface energy balance, shortwave solar insolation, calculates 2-D, in the horizontal-plane, distribution of snow accumulation using a surface mass and energy balance approach, and reconstructs resultant glacier shape with a 2-D flow model. We are able to reconstruct modern glacier extent to match satellite imagery using climate data from the separate regions including current observations at glacier elevations, and compute a modem equilibrium line at ~5000 m. We then apply the model in an inverse approach to infer sets of paleoclimate conditions for late Pleistocene moraine positions mapped in specific valleys with global positioning system positions and dated by radiocarbon dates on lake and peat sediments for locations in the Queshque Valley in the Cordillera Blanca and the Zongo-Milluni Valleys in the Cordillera Real. Our results show a range of climate situations possible for the existence of the delineated glaciers in the Queshque and Zongo-Milluni Valleys. For the Zongo Valley, we also find that 6.5 times more precipitation is needed to grow to the same dated moraine as the adjoining Milluni Valley with a -4.25 °C temperature change.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mark, Bryan G.
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26.
FAIR, SARA M.
A COMPARISON OF TRADITIONAL AND COMMUNITY-BASED MODELS IN PUBLIC HEALTH.
Degree: MA, Arts and Sciences : Anthropology, 2002, University of Cincinnati
► Community-based models in public health are grounded in local beliefs and practices.…
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▼ Community-based models in public health are grounded in local beliefs and practices. These models derive from methods and concepts in cultural anthropology and constitute applications of ethnographic method and theory. A systematic comparison of projects using a traditional approach with projects using the community-based approach shows that community based approaches have greater success. Cross-cultural and cross-temporal data are used to demonstrate the strengths of community-based models.
Advisors/Committee Members: Halperin, Dr. Rhonda.
Keywords: public health; community-based model; anthropology
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28.
Faith, Seth Adam.
Resveratrol (3,5,4' trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) Blocks Herpes Simplex Virus Replication by Affecting a Host Factor.
Degree: PHD, College of Biomedical Sciences, 2006, Kent State University
► Resveratrol, a polyphenol phytoalexin, inhibits herpes simplex virus (HSV) replication by an…
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▼ Resveratrol, a polyphenol phytoalexin, inhibits herpes simplex virus (HSV) replication by an unknown mechanism. Previously it was suggested that this inhibition may be mediated through a cellular factor essential for HSV replication. After examining numerous cellular factors (cdk1, cyclins A and B, p53, Mdm2, p21, COX enzymes and caspase-3) we report that resveratrol negatively affects at least one host factor, NF-kappaB (NF-kB). Previous reports have indicated that HSV activates NF-kB during productive infection and this may be an essential aspect of its replication scheme. Using electromobility shift assays it was determined that resveratrol, in a dose dependent and reversible manner, suppressed activation of NF-kB in Vero cells infected with HSV-1, HSV-2 and acyclovir resistant HSV-1. Resveratrol did not protect IkB-alpha, a cytoplasmic NF-kB inhibitor, from degradation in HSV-1 infected cells. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that RelA/p65, a component of the dimeric NF-kB complex, translocated to the nucleus of HSV-1 infected cells in the presence of resveratrol, indicating unfaltering cytoplasmic activation of NF-kB. Studies further revealed that resveratrol induced the loss of total RelA/p65 protein in both mock and HSV-1 infected cells, yet mRNA for RelA/p65 was unaffected. Next, direct effects on viral transcription and DNA synthesis were evaluated. Quantitative PCR determined that resveratrol affected the earliest stages of viral replication (0-6 hpi), displayed by significant reductions of mRNA for immediate-early genes, ICP0 and ICP4, and early genes ICP8 and HSV DNA polymerase. Furthermore, resveratrol treatment significantly inhibited HSV DNA synthesis and blocked production of mRNA for a late gene, glycoprotein C. Lastly, the cellular and viral effects observed with resveratrol were compared to two known chemical inhibitors of NF-kB, aspirin and indomethacin. Aspirin and indomethacin also inhibited HSV-1 replication and NF-kB activity in a dose dependent manner without altering nuclear translocation of NF-kB. Aspirin and indomethacin also blocked essential HSV mRNA and DNA synthesis. Cumulatively, this project (i) identified a possible cellular mechanism by which a natural compound, resveratrol, inhibits HSV replication (ii) provided details about the requirement and utilization of a host factor, NF-kB, during HSV infection and (iii) demonstrated that chemical inhibitors of NF-kB are effective anti-herpetics in vitro.
Advisors/Committee Members: Docherty, John J.
Subjects: Biology, Microbiology
Keywords: Herpes Simplex; Virus; Resveratrol; NF-kappaB; NSAID
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29.
Faizan, Mohammad.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AND MODELING OF METAL DISSOLUTION AND INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND GROWTH DURING SOLDERING.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Mechanical Engineering, 2007, University of Akron
► Soldering has become the predominant and established technique in electronic packaging industry…
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▼ Soldering has become the predominant and established technique in electronic packaging industry for joining electronic components. The industry is aiming for the use of environment friendly lead-free solders. All the lead-free solders are high tin-containing alloys. During the soldering process, an intense interaction of metallization on PCB and tin from the solder occurs at the joint interface. Intermetallic compound (IMC) is formed at the interface and subsequently PCB bond-metal (substrate) is dissolved into the molten solder. The formation of the IMC is desirable for the joint to occur but excessive metal dissolution and uncontrolled growth of the IMC is detrimental to quality of joint. In the present study the terms bond-metal and substrate will be used interchangeably and the term ‘substrate’ refers to the top layer of the PCB which comes in contact with the molten solder during soldering reaction. During the wet phase of soldering process, the IMC exhibits scalloped morphology. The growth of scalloped IMC during the solder/substrate interaction entails complicated physics especially during early stages of the soldering process. Understanding of the physics and the kinetics involved in the formation of IMC phase and metal dissolution is important in achieving the desired control of the process. This study presents an in-depth analysis of the physics involved in the formation of the scalloped intermetallic phase. To substantiate the physics of the process and to verify the kinetics involved, a mathematical model is setup. The actual physics involved in the dissolution of metal layer and growth of IMC during soldering process is translated into mathematical model based on the fundamental equations and known material properties and thermodynamic constraints. The model was applied to study the interaction of Cu with Sn3.5%Ag solder as a representative example however, the model can be applied to any substrate/solder system by incorporating the relevant physical properties of material. The model served as a valuable tool to closely understand the physics involved in the process of diffusion of various species across the joint, phase change and kinetics effects during soldering process. Extensive parametric study was conducted to explore the relative effect of various parameters like interface reaction kinetics and physical properties such as the diffusivity of solder and IMC. The effect of these parameters on the dissolution behavior of metallization layer and the growth of IMC with time during soldering process was also studied. The results from the model were also compared with experimental data for IMC thickness and metal dissolution available in literature. Effects of non-isothermal processing conditions were also considered in the model. A constant value of IMC diffusivity was able to accurately predict the IMC growth for the cases involving planar IMC layer, however, the single value of IMC diffusivity did not work very well for scalloped IMC layer. Due to the complicated evolution of the scalloped IMC growth in wet phase of soldering, it was suggested that the diffusivity in the IMC phase changes with time and a varying value of IMC diffusivity be used in the model. The varying IMC diffusivity gave satisfactory predictions for the IMC thickness and metallization layer lost during reflow process. The model was also applied to study the dissolution behavior of the micro-size copper particles in lead-free composite solders during reflow process.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wang, Guo-Xiang.
Keywords: lead-free, soldering, intermetallic compound, IMC, modeling, kinetics, particle dissolution, composite solder
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30.
Faiz, Tariq Nadeem.
Deadlock detection and avoidance for a class of manufacturing systems.
Degree: Master of Science (MS), Electrical Engineering (Engineering), 1996, Ohio University
Deadlock detection and avoidance for a class of manufacturing systems
Advisors/Committee Members: Judd, Robert P.
Keywords: Deadlock Free Solution; Wait Relation Graph Representation of Systems; String Multiplication Theory
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