1464 matches in the database.
These are records: 1 - 30.
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] … [49]
2.
Haas, Adam John.
Association of Fecal Coliform Levels in Kansas Streams and Prevalence of Infection with Escherichia Coli.
Degree: MS, Medicine : Epidemiology (Environmental Health), 2006, University of Cincinnati
► Changes in livestock operations over the past decade have led to concern…
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▼ Changes in livestock operations over the past decade have led to concern over the increased number of Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) in the United States. These livestock facilities can impair surface and groundwaters with high levels of nitrogen and pathogens. Utilizing geostatistical simulations of fecal coliform levels, this study aimed to assess the impact of livestock operations on prevalence of Escherichia Coli in Kansas between 1997 and 2003. Fecal coliform levels were negatively associated with prevalence of E. Coli. in all years, although only reaching significance in 1998. Empirical Bayes estimates indicated higher prevalence dominating the western part of the state. The negative association with E. Coli suggest that prolonged exposure to high fecal coliform levels may be protective against infection. Other studies have indicated that previous exposure to E. Coli. may result in partial resistance or complete immunity to subsequent infection.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dietrich, Dr. Kim.
Subjects: Health Sciences, Public Health
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3.
Haas, Anne E.
Political process, activism, and health.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Sociology, 2005, Ohio State University
► Conventional women are saturated with mass media images depicting very thin, attractive…
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▼ Conventional women are saturated with mass media images depicting very thin, attractive women. These images impose ideals that are impossible for most women to meet in a healthy way. This study examines the substantive issue of women's body appearance, aging, and related health outcomes, including eating disorders, and how these might be mediated and improved by activist political process. Concepts from social movements and social-psychological perspectives are integrated into what I call the political process model—a model that delineates how activists become socialized and immersed in alternative political networks that influence subsequent activities, ideas, and identities. I use this model to test the ability of activists to sustain commitment to their causes, including those that relate to women’s bodies, over time. The process that connects the concepts in this model (i.e., pivotal events, collective identity, pivotal departures, empowerment, and health) provides the conceptual framework to which my analytic strategy derives. I address four research expectations using triangulated quantitative and qualitative methods, and draw original data sources. Original survey data on female activists and non-activists are used to test whether the two groups differ in their politics, daily routines, and several dimensions of health (e.g., use of conventional versus non-conventional medical care, eating habits, etc.). Secondly, I relate political process, collective identity and health by intertwining two qualitative research methods. These include qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) of variables from the survey data, and interpretive analysis of open-ended interviews. QCA results reveal unique configurations of attributes affecting aspects of activists’ daily routines and health. Combined with interview materials, findings relate how political processes build personal and collective identities and shape health related behaviors and outcomes. The third part of my analytic strategy relies on interpretive analysis of activists’ interviews to assess how networks and the community rituals matter. The interview and participant observation data support the expectation that women activists’ experiences at various “pivotal” life course stages hold positive implications for health. In sum, the linking of QCA and interpretive analyses demonstrates the importance of the processes through which community membership matters. The political process model is supported by findings based on the cross-methodologies used. Substantively, I find that political process is related to women’s sustained, positive body image and aging health. Activist commitment is bolstered by social networks that support conventional, non-institutional, and political/cultural behaviors, such as avoiding harmful mass media images. I also advance broad theoretical goals by articulating the interrelatedness of the three processes of collective identity formative, and by elaborating on the social-psychological impact of social movements and social movement membership.
Advisors/Committee Members: Roscigno, Vincent.
Subjects: Sociology, Theory and Methods
Keywords: activist political process; social movements; collective identity; pivotal events
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4.
Haas, Johanna Marie.
Law and Property in the Mountains: A Political Economy of Resource Land in the Appalachian Coalfields.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Geography, 2008, Ohio State University
► Private property in resource land is a complex matter, sitting at the…
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▼ Private property in resource land is a complex matter, sitting at the conjunction of environmental, economic, political, and social systems. This dissertation explores a number of these systems surrounding law and property that link with land use and landscape change in the Appalachian coalfields where the rapid expansion of mining is drastically reshaping the landscape. One economic driver dominates the region, the extraction of coal, which ties to material social and environmental effects, and is driven by social and environmental patterns. Social construction of the institution of private property builds the materiality of private property as something to be owned, but this construction in the Appalachian context has emerged in different form than elsewhere because of the historical and geographical situatedness of the region. The history of accumulation in the Appalachian coalfields is ongoing, fluid, and changing, and, today, has taken on vertical (from beneath to the surface of the land) and horizontal (onto neighboring parcels) spatial forms to enable accumulation of properties adjacent to the coal in all directions. The institution of property law illustrates the multiple and complex interconnections among nature, property, and society. To deal with this disorderliness, the law itself becomes complex, fracturing, and messy and creates material effects as it travels through multiple interactive feedback loops, leading to material effects, most importantly the rapid expansion in the size and scope of Appalachian mining operations. The ideas of private property show that privatization and marketization do not have to work together as a package. In Appalachia, these separations have led to a collapse in the market for resource land and a devaluation of land as land encourages destruction of the now-worthless land as the only rational course of action. The consequences of this include not only environmental destruction of the landscape, but also the social and economic destruction of the people who live there.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mansfield, Becky.
Subjects: Geography
Keywords: property; law; coal mining; land; Appalachia; political economy; social construction
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5.
Habegger, Shelly L.
What is the Principal's Role in Successful Schools? A Study of Ohio's Schools of Promise at the Elementary Level.
Degree: PHD, College of Education, Health, and Human Services / Department of Teaching, Leadership and Curriculum Studies, 2007, Kent State University
► As a result of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001,…
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▼ As a result of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, the accountability, annual testing, and demonstrating academic progress of all students has become a major priority of educators throughout the nation. In Ohio, schools are rated based on their students’ performance on state diagnostic and achievement tests (e.g., Local Report Cards). Therefore, school principals and other school personnel are in constant pursuit of learning how to educate students more efficiently. The purpose of this study was to determine the specific practices and leadership emphasis of the principal that are perceived to positively impact student achievement. Three successful elementary schools were investigated through principal interviews, teacher focus groups, and observations. The schools chosen were each designated as an Ohio School of Promise, meaning each has made great strides in positive student achievement scores in spite of a low socioeconomic level. Qualitatively, the study explored the perceptions of the principal’s role in successful schools by answering the following research questions: (a) How does the principal support instruction aligned to the state’s academic content standards? (b) How does the principal maintain continuous improvement of the school? (c) What is the principal’s role in the design of instruction for student success? (d) What is the principal’s role in developing partnerships with parents and the community to support student success? (e) What is the principal’s role in developing a culture where each individual feels valued? As a result of the data analysis process, 13 themes developed among the three schools (e.g., common planning time, curriculum mapping, and intervention). However, an all-encompassing idea kept reoccurring: The principals were able to create the culture where both adults and students excelled. The principals engaged in activities that created and sustained a sense of belonging for students, teachers, parents, and the communities in which the schools resided. They also successfully provided a clear direction for students and teachers. These findings are perceived to be a major reason why students are achieving great success at these schools.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kretovics, Mark.
Subjects: Education, Administration
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6.
HABERL, CHRISTIANE.
ANTIDUMPING AS A FORM OF PROTECTIONISM.
Degree: MA, Arts and Sciences : Political Science, 2006, University of Cincinnati
► The purpose of this study is to test statistically the theory advanced…
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▼ The purpose of this study is to test statistically the theory advanced by opponents of antidumping measures, that antidumping actions are in reality pure protectionism. Specifically, it relates the internal economic condition such as the international competitive position of countries to the number of antidumping initiations and the antidumping measures taken by them. The independent variables are generally defined as the internal economic condition and the international competitive position. That is, the internal economic condition is measured by Gross National Income (GNI) per capita and the unemployment rate. The international competitive position is expressed in the trade balance and import penetration. The dependent variables are generally defined as protectionist pressure and protectionism. The former is quantified in antidumping initiations and the latter in antidumping measures. The research is conducted separately for the two dependent variables for all 147 WTO member states. The results show that GNI and import penetration have a statistically significant relationship with antidumping actions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Moore, Dr. Thomas.
Keywords: Antidumping; Protectionism; International Trade; Trade Policy
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7.
HABERL, CHRISTIANE.
HAVE THE CHICKENS LEARNED HOW TO COME HOME TO ROOST? AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF ANTIDUMPING INITIATIONS AGAINST THE UNITED STATES.
Degree: PhD, Arts and Sciences : Political Science, 2007, University of Cincinnati
► In the current liberal trade order monitored by the WTO, countries are…
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▼ In the current liberal trade order monitored by the WTO, countries are striving for the reduction of trade barriers. However, countries are allowed to impose protectionist measures to defend against unfair trade. One such measure is antidumping. This dissertation examines whether antidumping can be used as a form of economic statecraft. If mere accusations of dumping (that is, the initiation of an antidumping case) have a negative impact on exports, then antidumping can be used intentionally by states to financially harm other states. To answer this, the centerpiece of this dissertation is an empirical study that uses a statistical ARIMA intervention transfer model to examine a 12-year export time-series of 191 products accused of being dumped by the United States. It finds that in almost ten percent of the cases, the mere initiation of antidumping investigations has produced negative effects on U.S. exports, confirming the notion that antidumping can be used as a form of economic statecraft. The study explores two additional research questions. First, have developing countries learned how to use antidumping cases against the United States? The statistical results indicate that developing countries have adapted to the system, successfully using antidumping initiations even against the hegemon. Although questions remain about whether states have engaged in genuine as well as tactical learning in using antidumping as a form of economic statecraft, the dissertation sets forth a research agenda for pursuing this issue. Second, the dissertation asks: What are the implications, if any, for hegemony in the current international economic system? According to one view, the negative effects of antidumping on trade can be interpreted as a form of discord in an international economic system that can survive the end of hegemony. By contrast, they can also be seen as symbolizing the weakening of the liberal economic system due to the decline of the United States as its hegemon. In this and other ways, the dissertation represents a foundation for answering whether the chickens have learned how to come home to roost.
Advisors/Committee Members: Moore, Dr. Thomas G.
Keywords: Antidumping; Statecraft; International Political Economy; International Relations; International Economics; International Trading Order
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8.
Haberman, Cory P.
The Adoption of Research and Planning Units by American Municipal Police Departments.
Degree: Master of Science in Criminal Justice (MSCJ), Criminal Justice, 2009, Bowling Green State University
► This study takes an organizational perspective to examine the adoption of research…
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▼ This study takes an organizational perspective to examine the adoption of research and planning units by 58 American municipal police departments. Two rival hypotheses are tested: 1) an organizational complexity hypothesis, 2) an environmental complexity hypothesis. T-test analysis supported the organizational complexity hypothesis and found that large, complex police organizations were more likely to have adopted a research and planning unit. The conclusion of this thesis discusses these findings, describes some problems with researching organizational innovation, and suggests remedies to these problems.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, William R.
Subjects: Criminology
Keywords: Police Organizations, Research and Planning Units, Special Units, Police Innovation, Organizational Innovation
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9.
Habib, Farhat.
Genotype-phenotype correlation using phylogenetic trees.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Physics, 2007, Ohio State University
► Recent years have seen an exponential growth in publicly available genetic data…
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▼ Recent years have seen an exponential growth in publicly available genetic data for many organisms. To be scientifically or medically useful, the genetic data must be mapped to the physical traits that the genes in the genotype code. In this dissertation, we describe methods to find correlations between genotypes and phenotypes using phylogenetic trees that can be applied on a genome-wide scale. We first describe Felsenstein's argument showing the necessity of using phylogenetic trees when a genotype-phenotype correlation is calculated. Then, we propose a method using a modified Maddison's Concentrated Changes Test (CCT) to find correlations between a binary phenotype and a binary genotype. The applicability of this method is demonstrated by its use to find genes correlated with susceptibility to anthrax in inbred mice strains. As our programs can be used to correlate any two binary variables which can be optimized on a phylogenetic tree, it was used to find correlations between avian influenza strains and various traits of the species or organisms affected. In particular, we find correlations between spread of influenza and particular mutations in the influenza virus. We demonstrate its applicability in case of a continuous phenotype that has been suitably binarized by finding genes correlated with cholesterol and lipid levels in inbred mice and report results. The limitation of CCT to binary phenotypes is significant as most phenotypes are not binary in nature. We develop a method that can be used to find correlations between a continuous phenotype and a binary genotype using a phylogenetic tree. Randomization testing is used to assess the significance of the correlation between the genotype and the phenotype. We test our methods by correlating lipid levels in inbred mice with their genotype. Comparison of our results with literature surveys of previous in silicomethods as well as experimental results show that our method performs favorably.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bundschuh, Ralf.
Keywords: genotype-phenotype corrrelation; genotype-phenotype association; SNPs; genome-wide; concentrated changes test; phylogenetic; trees
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10.
Habibulla, Murtuza.
Analyzing the performance of an order accumulation and sortation system using simulation: A design of experiments approach.
Degree: Master of Science (MS), Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering (Engineering), 2001, Ohio University
► An Order Accumulation and Sortation (OA/S) system is one of three component…
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▼ An Order Accumulation and Sortation (OA/S) system is one of three component systems of a typical distribution center. The three systems in order of material flow are (1) the storage (warehouse) system, (2) the OA/S system, and (3) the shipping system. An efficient distribution center requires a successful link of all three systems. In this study efforts are concentrated on one of the least researched, the OA/S system. In an OA/S system items are delivered to a conveyor where they are sorted into shipping lanes, consolidated and then packed. A simulation model of an OA/S used in automated distribution centers is developed. The OA/S system developed for this study uses non-recirculating conveyors; thus, once an item is introduced into the system, it has to be assigned to a shipping lane. The main concern of the study is to find which factors affect the throughput of the system and at what levels these factors give the best system throughput. Design of experiments (DOE) is a very effective and organized way to perform an experiment and has been commonly used in industry to improve the performance of manufacturing processes. The application of experimental design techniques early in process development can result in improved process yields, reduced variability, closer conformance to nominal or target requirements, reduced development time and reduced overall cost. Emphasis is given to designing quality into the process at the initial stages of research by making it robust (insensitive) to various sources of variability, which may be uncontrollable during the process or during its usage by the customer. A recently introduced approach based on response surface methodology (RSM) showed that the results of an RSM study are easier to interpret and are very efficient with respect to the number of experiments. A RSM tool, the Central Composite Design (CCD) is one of the most effective designs that can be used for robust parameter design. The CCD is basically a two-level factorial or fractional factorial design that has a number of center point and axial point runs. This design is used to analyze the results of the simulation runs and to achieve robustness. The final equation to calculate the throughput rate considering all the independent factors was calculated using design of experiments. It is concluded that the independent factors Lane Length, Items / Lane and Distribution do not affect the throughput rate of the system. Though the noise factors are insignificant in the phase two of experimentation, it is suggested to have longer lane lengths (control factor A) as seen in the screening experiment. The screening experiment shows that the lane length is insignificant. Thus longer the lanes, lesser the variability in the throughput rate is obtained.
Advisors/Committee Members: Masel, Dale T.
Subjects: Engineering, Industrial
Keywords: Order Accumulation System; Sortation System; Simulation Model; Material Flow; Response Surface Methodology; Central Composite Design; Experiments Approach
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11.
Hackenburg, Clint R.
An Arabic-to-English Translation of the Religious Debate between the Nestorian Patriarch Timothy I and the 'Abbāsid Caliph al-Mahdī.
Degree: Master of Arts, Near Eastern Languages and Cultures, 2009, Ohio State University
► This thesis offers, for the first time, a complete Arabic-to-English translation of…
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▼ This thesis offers, for the first time, a complete Arabic-to-English translation of the debate between Nestorian Patriarch, Timothy I (a. 779-823), and Muslim ʿAbbāsid Caliph, al-Mahdī (r. 775-785). An analysis of the various editions of the Arabic and Syriac versions of the debate is included. The primary editions of the debate consulted for this thesis were Samir K. Samir’s critical edition of the Arabic text named MS 662 of the Bibliothéque Orientale à Beyrouth, and Alphonse Mingana’s edition of the Syriac text named Mingana 17 taken from the Convent of Alqosh in northern Iraq. In analyzing the various editions of the debate, the goal is to establish the primacy of the Syriac text in its relationship to the Arabic text. This analysis is largely based upon the existing work of Hans Putman. In the translation and analysis of the debate, significant differences between the Syriac and Arabic versions of the debate are noted. In addition to the translation and analysis of the debate, a general introduction to Timothy I and his accomplishments as Nestorian Patriarch as well as an outline of the proposed purpose of Timothy’s text during late antiquity and the medieval period are offered.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tamer, Georges.
Subjects: Middle Eastern literature
Keywords: Timothy I; al-Mahdī
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12.
Hacker, Hans J.
Contesting the Constitution : conservative Christian litigators and their impact.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Political Science, 2000, Ohio State University
► My dissertation research explores the influence of conservative Christian litigating interests on…
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▼ My dissertation research explores the influence of conservative Christian litigating interests on court-crafted policy. I employ qualitative analyses to develop rich descriptions of three standard-bearing Christian litigating firms representing the Religious Right in court. I investigate how these firms establish goals, acquire resources, and bring those resources to bear in an effort to achieve their goals in court. All three groups have participated at all levels of the court system, litigating to influence outcomes in such key social policy areas as abortion, protestation, and religious expression in the public schools and square. Data on the groups and their litigation behavior are drawn from elite interviews of firm personnel, from court records, media sources, and published and unpublished materials by and about the groups. In the course of this analysis, I identify a pattern in the behavior of Christian litigation firms that has implications for our understanding of group litigation. Each of the three groups has taken different approaches to litigation. These different approaches cannot be explained by variation in resources or group goals as defined in conventional interest group studies. I find that while these influential groups articulate similar goals, they use the courts very differently. I explore why similarly situated religious groups develop such divergent litigation agendas. In the final analyses of the project, I posit that the concept of religious ideology helps define what methods groups will employ to influence policy. Group orientation to policy influence diverges between "principled" and "pragmatic." A pragmatic approach is characterized by willingness to depart from strict principle and play by the norms al' policy makers in the courts. A principled approach lacks willingness to depart from religious and ideological principle to achieve policy influence. Different approaches may determine preferred strategies for achieving goals, relative emphasis on trial and appellate litigation, and capacity to present courts with legal arguments for policy change. The distinction between these two approaches is especially relevant to groups that are guided by strong religious views. But it is relevant to other types of groups as well. The extension of this distinction to other types of litigating interests may help refine our approach to studying those groups and help to explain patterns of behavior within those types. Thus, I seek to contribute to theory building on the forces that shape the behavior of elite interest group leadership and the behavior of groups in the litigation process. Further. I seek to enhance what we know about the set of conservative Christian litigators that are playing an increasingly active role in the courts.
Advisors/Committee Members: Baum, Lawrence.
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13.
Hackett, John C.
Computational investigations of cytochrome P450 aromatase catalysis and biological evaluation of isoflavone aromatase inhibitors.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Pharmacy, 2004, Ohio State University
► Density functional theory calculations are used to unravel the mysterious third step…
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▼ Density functional theory calculations are used to unravel the mysterious third step of aromatase catalysis. The feasibility of mechanisms in which the reduced ferrous dioxygen intermediate mediates androgen aromatization are explored and determined to be unlikely. Mechanisms for the aromatization/deformylation sequence which are initiated by 1beta-hydrogen atom abstraction by P450 Compound I are considered. 1beta-Hydrogen atom abstraction from substrates in the presence of the 2,3-enol encounters strikingly low barriers,whereas barriers for this same process are higher in the keto tautomer. Transition states for 1beta-hydrogen atom abstraction from enolized substrates in the presence of the 19-gem-diol decayed directly to the experimentally observed products. If the C19 aldehyde remains unhydrated, aromatization occurs with concomitant decarbonylation, and therefore does not support dehydration of the C19 aldehyde prior to the final catalytic step. Ab initio molecular dynamics on the confirmed that the 1beta-hydrogen atom abstraction and deformylation or decarbonylation occur in a non-synchronous, coordinated manner. These calculations support a dehydrogenase behavior of aromatase in the final catalytic step, which can be summarized by 1beta-hydrogen atom abstraction followed by gem-diol deprotonation. Aromatase, a cytochrome P450 hemoprotein that is responsible for estrogen biosynthesis by conversion of androgens into estrogens, has been an attractive target in the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer. There are several classes of natural products that exert potent activities in aromatase inhibition, with the flavonoids being most prominent. Previous studies have exploited flavone and flavanone scaffolds for the development of new aromatase inhibitors. In this dissertation, we describe design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a novel series of 2-(4-pyridylmethyl)thioisoflavones as the first example of synthetic isoflavone-based aromatase inhibitors. The biological evaluation of a series of 2-azole and 2-thioazole isoflavones as potential aromatase inhibitors are described. Differences in inhibitory activity of triazole and imidazole inhibitors are rationalized with density functional theory to expose a key difference in the electronic structure of these molecules. In addition, difference binding spectra of inhibitors to immunoaffinity-purified aromatase produces classical Type II spectra consistent with coordination of the nitrogen lone pair electrons to the P450 heme.
Advisors/Committee Members: Brueggemeier, Robert W.
Keywords: Cytochrome P450, Aromatase, Density Functional Theory, Molecular Dynamics, Isoflavones
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14.
Hackett, Michelle.
Validation of a household food security survey applied with low-income households with pre-school aged children participating in the MANA food supplement program in Antioquia, Colombia.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University Nutrition, 2008, Ohio State University
► Valid measures of household food insecurity are critical to accurately evaluate the…
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▼ Valid measures of household food insecurity are critical to accurately evaluate the impact of food assistance programs in developing countries. The goal of this dissertation research was to assess the validity the Colombian Household Food Security Scale (CHFSS), used in the 2006 food supplement component evaluation of the Plan for Improving Food and Nutrition in Antioquia, Colombia (MANA). The twelve-item household CHFSS was applied to a cross-sectional stratified random sample of 2,784 low-income households with pre-school children receiving MANA food supplements. Internal validity of the CHFSS was established using Rasch Modeling to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the items through measure and INFIT values. To assess the criterion validity of the CHFSS, households were characterized as food secure, mildly food insecure, moderately food insecure, and severely food insecure based on their survey score. Chi-square tests and ANOVA analyses were used to determine associations between the food security categories and demographic characteristics, socioeconomic characteristics and child health status. A multiple linear regression model was developed to determine coefficients of household food expenditure by food security status. Logistic regression models were further developed to assess the risk of child malnutrition by household food insecurity status in both bivariate and multiple regression models. Rasch Modeling revealed that most CHFSS items presented good fitness. Statistically significant differences were found between household food security status and household size, parental age, income, area of residence, gender head of household, consumption of MANA food supplements and household food expenditures (p<0.01). Statistically significant associations were found between household food insecurity and diagnoses of children's diarrhea, upper respiratory infection and parasitosis (p<0.0001). The risk for child stunting and underweight increased is a dose-response manner as food insecurity became more severe. These results indicate that the adapted CHFSS is a valid tool to assess household food security in participants of food assistance programs like MANA. This research provides agencies and institutions carrying nutrition interventions in similar areas and conditions with a valid tool that can be adapted to specific evaluation needs and describes the methodology to assess the validity of the proposed tool.
Advisors/Committee Members: Melgar-Quinonez, Hugo.
Subjects: Nutrition
Keywords: food security; Colombia; food assistance; Rasch; validity
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15.
Hada, Betsy.
THE COLLEGE STUDENT-ATHLETE AND ACADEMICS: A STUDY OF THE STUDENT-ATHLETE’S GRADE POINT AVERAGE IN AND OUT OF COMPETITION SEASON.
Degree: Masters in Education, Education, 2006, Marietta College
► The education of the collegiate athlete is a growing concern across the…
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▼ The education of the collegiate athlete is a growing concern across the United States. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a representative group of collegiate athletes, and their success in the classroom at a mid-western college in Ohio. The researcher obtained the statistical information from the student-athletes at Marietta College. The study will encompass the 2003-2005 academic school years. The researcher compared the grade point average of the student-athletes in their competitive season to their grade point average out of season. The statistical information was acquired from the Marietta College Registrar and Athletic Director.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bauer, Dr. Bill.
Subjects: Education, General
Keywords: Student-athlete; Grade point average; Marietta College
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16.
Haddad, Nicholas.
Transmission of digital images using data-flow architecture.
Degree: Master of Science (MS), Electrical Engineering (Engineering), 1985, Ohio University
Transmission of digital images using data-flow architecture
Advisors/Committee Members: Alexandridis, Nik A.
Keywords: Data-Flow Architecture; Digital Images; Regular Decomposition Algorithm
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17.
Haddad, Nicholas K.
Performance analysis of active sonar classifiers.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Electrical Engineering (Engineering), 1990, Ohio University
► This dissertation studies the theoretical underpinnings of active sonar classifiers. We present…
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▼ This dissertation studies the theoretical underpinnings of active sonar classifiers. We present a systematic approach for designing optimal Bayesian classifiers and analyzing their performance. We emphasize the ternary case where three hypotheses are considered: H 0(noise only), H 1(reverberation plus noise) and H 2(target plus noise). We start by deriving a sufficient statistic to decide between H 1and H 2, assuming H 0has already been eliminated. Then, closed-form solutions for classification and false alarm probabilities are obtained and several receiver operating characteristics curves illustrating meaningful physical scenarios are presented. Two classes of illuminating signals are considered: high resolution and linear FM signals. Many design parameters affecting classifier performance are studied. Perhaps the most important issue is classifier performance when incorrect a priori knowledge of the target's spatial properties is processed. Other parameters such as target resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, transmitter constant in linear FM signals, etc. are investigated as well. The final issue presented is acoustic target imaging. A minimum variance linear unbiased estimator of the scattering coefficients of the test volume encompassing the target is derived. Furthermore, we investigate error minimization of the MVLU estimator in terms of system characteristics such as array and/or signal design. We also discuss the relation between classification and imaging. In summary, ideas from decision theory, detection and estimation theory are combined in order to implement optimal Bayesian classifiers and acoustic imagers.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tague, John.
Keywords: sonar classifiers; Bayesian classifiers; acoustic imagers; theoretical underpinnings
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18.
Haddad, Omar.
Probabilistic Finite Element Heat Transfer And Structural Analysis of a Cone-Cylinder Pressure Vessel.
Degree: Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering, Fenn College of Engineering, 2008, Cleveland State University
► Stress analysis of a cone-cylinder pressure vessel was computationally simulated by a…
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▼ Stress analysis of a cone-cylinder pressure vessel was computationally simulated by a finite element method and probabilistically evaluated in view of the several uncertainties in the performance parameters. Cumulative distribution functions and sensitivity factors were computed for overall Von Mises stresses due to the structural and thermodynamic random variables. These results can be used to quickly identify the most critical design variables in order to optimize the design and make it cost effective. The analysis leads to the selection of the appropriate measurements to be used in structural and heat transfer analysis and to the identification of both the most critical measurements and parameters.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gorla, Rama.
Subjects: Engineering
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19.
HADERS, THOMAS MICHAEL.
Hapsburg-Burgundian Iconographic Programs and the Arthurian Political Model: The Expression of Moral Authority as a Source of Power.
Degree: MA, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Art History, 2008, University of Cincinnati
► This study will examine the art made for a select group of…
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▼ This study will examine the art made for a select group of fifteenth-century European monarchs; all were Burgundian or had strong connections to Burgundy. The art was intended to illustrate the concept of Vicarus Dei in order to validate their rule. The hereditary monarchies addressed in this thesis based their royal authority upon the concept that God ordained a king or even a duke to rule in the terrestrial realm as God's representative, and this celestial authority was passed on to their progeny. The earthly ruler, therefore, emphasized this divine ordination in various symbolic ways in the arts. In order to further justify, establish, and legitimize the existence and reign of royal dynasties, sacred bloodlines were traced back to biblical and mythological sources. For this reason, the male ruler was often depicted in the guise of a legendary warrior or a warrior saint. Part of the mythology is that such a ruler cannot really die. He is akin to King Arthur, who according to Sir Thomas Mallory's Morte d'Arthur, was taken to a mystical realm from which he may one day return. This thesis also explores the iconography of mainly Burgundian royal brides, which emphasized characteristics and roles considered gender appropriate in the fifteenth century. Essential to the heavenly designed political system was the establishment of the female consort as a sacred vessel for bearing the awaited messianic male heir who was to continue the holy dynasty.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mankin, Diane.
Subjects: Middle Ages; Religion
Keywords: fifteenth-century European monarchs; Burgundian; hereditary monarchies; sacred bloodlines; biblical and mythological sources; Morte d'Arthur
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21.
Hadish, Mulugeta.
Extended Multidimensional Conceptual Spaces in Document Classification.
Degree: MS, Engineering : Computer Science, 2008, University of Cincinnati
► Content based retrieval, entailing knowledge representation, can be essentially described as assessing…
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▼ Content based retrieval, entailing knowledge representation, can be essentially described as assessing the similarity between objects which constitute primitives as their building blocks. This thesis presents a novel approach in document classification using an Extended Multidimensional Conceptual Spaces (EMCS) framework to address problem areas that require similarity assessment. As a typical problem domain, articles on Breast, Brain, and Colon Cancers were obtained from PubMed (an online service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine) as search results of binary based queries. Since not all terms carry equal discriminatory information, only those that do were identified and treated as primitives by carrying out document pre-processing. Salient weights associated to each term thereafter were assessed statistically–computing their normalized term frequencies and inverse document frequencies. The product of these frequencies were determined as ideal features for their concept category. Example documents were also preprocessed and expressed in terms of the normalized frequency values for each of their stemmed terms. Then, the ideal normalized frequencies of the selected features are compared with every term of each example documents using the degree of difference measure. This computation essentially transformed the frequencies of terms into degrees of membership and cardinality fuzzy sets. Each of the fuzzy sets from the example documents were aggregated using cardinality of fuzzy sets and transformed into co-occurrence matrix in respect to the three concepts. Similarly, fuzzy sets representing test documents were also transformed into co-occurrence matrices in respect to the concepts. Similarity was finally assessed based on a Frobenius distance measure between a core concept matrix and a test matrix. The experiment demonstrated feasibility of the framework in document classification.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ralescu, Anca.
Subjects: Computer science
Keywords: Conceptual spaces; Document classification; ranking; knowledge representiaton; Fuzzy set; Fuzzy sets cardinality; Fuzzy sets cardinality aggregation document
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22.
Hadley, Craig.
Tomato and soy phytochemicals: In vivo biodistribution, bioavailability, antioxidant/oxidative environment regulation, and prostate biomarker modulation.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Ohio State University Nutrition, 2004, Ohio State University
► Tomato-based products and soy foods contain compounds that have been shown to…
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▼ Tomato-based products and soy foods contain compounds that have been shown to beneficially impact health, however, adequate information on phytochemical in vivo biodistribution and bioavailability, as well as the effect of consumption of these foods on antioxidant/oxidative environment regulation and prostate biomarker modulation is not available. First, in a study of healthy individuals, the change in plasma lycopene and resistance of lipoproteins to ex vivo oxidative stress following variation in tomato-based product intake was assessed. Total plasma lycopene concentrations significantly decreased during a 7-day washout period and significantly increased after consumption of tomato-based foods for 15 days. A complex array of plasma lycopene isomers was also detected throughout the study. Additionally, dietary intervention with tomato-based products significantly enhanced the protection of lipoproteins to ex vivo oxidative stress. Secondly, a study was performed to determine if men with prostate cancer would consume tomato-based products or a soy protein supplement daily during the period between their diagnosis and surgery (i.e. a period of 2-4 weeks). In addition, this study was conducted to examine in vivo concentrations of phytochemicals from these foods and their effect on modulating hormone levels. All study participants were compliant. Tomato-based product or soy protein supplement intake significantly increased plasma and prostate tissue carotenoid concentrations or urinary and prostate tissue isoflavone levels, respectively. It appears that tomato sauce and tomato soup provide a more bioavailable form of lycopene than vegetable juice. In addition, this study showed that dietary intervention with tomato-based products and soy decreases serum PSA concentrations. A significant increase in lycopene and isoflavone concentrations following tomato and/or soy intake suggests a preferential uptake and requirement of these phytochemical-containing foods in biological processes related to reducing both oxidative stress and prostate cancer progression. Finally, using new technologies, an evaluation of stored samples from the first two studies was conducted to assess the influence 2-4 weeks of tomato-based product consumption had on additional markers of oxidative stress in healthy participants and prostate cancer patients. Tomato-based product intake significantly increased plasma lipid-soluble antioxidant capacity in each of the study populations, while decreasing urinary levels of 8-iso-PGF2a in prostate cancer patients.
Advisors/Committee Members: Schwartz, Steven.
Subjects: Health Sciences, Nutrition
Keywords: Tomato-based foods; Carotenoids; Lycopene; Soy; Isoflavones; Bioavailability; Oxidative Stress; Prostate Cancer
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23.
HADLEY, TIFFANY SUNSHINE.
NOT ALL REALITY IS CREATED EQUAL: A RHETORICAL HYBRID CONSPIRACY AND DIATRIBE IN MICHAEL MOORE'S FAHRENHEIT 9/11.
Degree: MA, Arts and Sciences : Communication, 2006, University of Cincinnati
► The controversial documentaries by Michael Moore have provoked public debate on social…
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▼ The controversial documentaries by Michael Moore have provoked public debate on social and political matters since the end of the 1980s. This study analyzed Michael Moore’s Fahrenheit 9/11 from a dualistic approach. Utilizing media scholar Nichols’ documentary modes of representation, this study identified three emergent modes: expository, participatory, and politically reflexive. This project also examined the extent to which these three modes reflected a particular view toward the rhetorical situation. Often times situations arise that call for a dual response. Jamieson and Campbell’s generic hybrid was also used to assess the extent in which Fahrenheit 9/11 responded to the needs of the situation and the audience. The hybrid blend Moore used was comprised of the conspiracy and diatribe genres. Not only did these two genres fulfill the perceived needs of the audience and situation, but they also worked together in such a way that elements of each genre buttress the weaknesses of the other.
Advisors/Committee Members: Depoe, Dr. Stephen.
Keywords: Michael Moore, Documentary, Diatribe, Conspiracy, Hybrid, Generic Hybrid, Rhetorical Hybrid, Modes of Representation, Nichols
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24.
HADLOCK, NATHANIEL A.
MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGICAL DEVICES WITH MICRO FORCE SENSORS: A SMART SCALPEL AND DISSECTOR TOOL.
Degree: MS, Engineering : Electrical Engineering, 2006, University of Cincinnati
► The objective of this work is to create or enhance a medical…
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▼ The objective of this work is to create or enhance a medical device by providing information on the forces acting on it using sensors that were built with MEMS fabrication techniques. It is important that the device serve a functional purpose as described by the customer or in this case a surgeon that would be using the tool. Many medical tools are quite effective at the task in which they were designed for, but when they are transformed to perform minimally invasive, or robotic surgeries certain tactile elements are lost. This is where it is important to create a way in which these elements can be sensed and translated in such a way so that the physician can seamlessly move from open surgeries to minimally invasive surgeries (MIS) with out losing quality of skills. The goal of this project is to develop force sensors for minimally invasive surgical products. As a proof of concept, a force sensor was developed for a scalpel using silicon as the structure and sensing mechanism. After successful completion of the proof of concept and subsequent feedback from a surgeon, a force sensor was developed for a minimally invasive dissector tool. In this work, force sensors were integrated on a 25 μm thick polyimide film, and rolled onto the exposed surface of a dissector tool. The structure provided a simple, but yet effective way to recognize and characterize forces applied to the tool. This new method shows great possibilities for new low cost, flexible, polymer, tactile sensing systems which could open the door for tactile guided minimally invasive tools.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ahn, Dr. Chong.
Keywords: minimally invasive surgical device; tactile feedback; flexible polymer sensor; robotic surgery; scalpel; force sensor
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25.
HAEDT, CHRISTOPHER M.
THE FOURFOLD REALM OF NATURAL ARCHITECTURE: DESIGNING WITHIN A HEIDEGGERIAN CONTEXT.
Degree: MARCH, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Architecture (Master of), 2007, University of Cincinnati
► Architecture has lost a sense of balance - it has shifted into…
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▼ Architecture has lost a sense of balance - it has shifted into an anthropocentric realm. Architecture must find a way in the new millennium to provide balance to sustain its presence as Art. Therefore, Architecture must reexamine what it means to dwell poetically. The emphasis must be to live, as Martin Heidegger suggests, within a fourfold world. This thesis looks at architectural works that begin to achieve a connection between man and the world. Primarily by analyzing Frank Lloyd Wright, this thesis compiles evidence that his works truly exhibit the premise of dwelling. It defines the Natural which is embodied by four foci- the outer, inner, metaphysical, and the omnipresent. By exploring these four foci, design solutions are tested on an ecological community center in Cincinnati. The result of this design is a process that yields humane, Natural architecture where man can truly dwell poetically.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bible, Thomas.
Subjects: Architecture
Keywords: Natural Architecture, dwelling
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26.
Haely, Karen Cordrick.
Objectivity in the feminist philosophy of science.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Philosophy, 2003, Ohio State University
► According to a familiar though naïve conception, science is a rigorously neutral…
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▼ According to a familiar though naïve conception, science is a rigorously neutral enterprise, free from social and cultural influence, but more sophisticated philosophical views about science have revealed that social and cultural are ubiquitous in scientific practice, and thus ought not be ignored when attempting to understand, describe and prescribe proper behavior for the practice of science. Indeed, many theorists have argued that social and cultural values and interests must be present in science (and knowledge gathering in general) in order to make sense of the world. The concept of objectivity has been utilized in the philosophy of science (as well as in epistemology) as a way to discuss and explore the various types of social and cultural influence that operate in science. The concept has also served as the focus of debates about just how much neutrality we can or should expect in science. This thesis examines feminist ideas regarding how to revise and enrich the concept of objectivity, and how these suggestions help achieve both feminist and scientific goals. Feminists offer us warnings about “idealized” concepts of objectivity, and suggest that power can play a crucial role in determining which research programs get labeled “objective”. In addition, the views examined in this thesis offer conceptions of objectivity that are intended to allow us to increase the extent to which our scientific theories are objective, but at the same time allow us to appreciate (and not eliminate) the role of cultural and social interests as they play a role in science.
Advisors/Committee Members: Antony, Louise M.
Subjects: Women's Studies; Philosophy
Keywords: feminist critique of science; objectivity; feminism; philosophy of science
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27.
HAERER, ERIKA LYNN.
COMPARISON OF SHAPE BIAS VERSUS WORLD KNOWLEDGE IN THREE AND FIVE-YEAR OLD CHILDREN'S ACQUISITION OF A NOVEL NOUN.
Degree: MA, Allied Health Sciences : Communication Sciences and Disorders, 2001, University of Cincinnati
► The purpose of this study was to determine if perceptual or taxonomical…
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▼ The purpose of this study was to determine if perceptual or taxonomical information provided in a story influences children's choices in a novel word-learning task. The study separately examined three and five-year old children's classification of a novel noun when presented with a choice of either a perceptually related object or a taxonomically related object. The first task of the classification task included the presentation of a line drawing of an object, in which the researcher orally labeled the object with a novel word ("koob" or "doop"). The children were shown a set of three pictures and asked to choose the other "koob/doop". In the second task, the children chose the named object (koob/doop) from a set of three pictures after hearing a story about the novel word. Results for three-year olds revealed that when they were shown the picture first, they chose the perceptually related object (from a choice of three pictures) significantly more often than the taxonomically related object. While four out of five children chose the taxonomically related picture when told the story first, there was no significant difference in the picture choices. The children did not choose the perceptually related picture more often when the story was presented first. The five-year old results revealed there was no significant difference in the picture choices when the picture was presented first. However, there was a significant difference in the picture choices when the story was told first. Five-year olds chose the taxonomically related object more often after hearing taxonomic information about the novel noun. Subjects in both age groups did not change picture choices from one task to another.
Advisors/Committee Members: Creaghead, Dr. Nancy A.
Subjects: Health Sciences, Speech Pathology
Keywords: SHAPE BIAS; WORLD KNOWLEDGE; NOUN ACQUISITION; TAXONOMIC SHIFT
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28.
Haerian, Laila.
Airline Revenue Management: models for capacity control of a single leg and a network of flights.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Industrial and Systems Engineering, 2007, Ohio State University
► Dynamic programming (DP) is one of the most powerful tools for finding…
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▼ Dynamic programming (DP) is one of the most powerful tools for finding the optimal booking policy for capacity control of a single leg flight. However, the extension of it to a network of flights is impractical due to the exponential growth of the size of the model with number of legs in the network. In this work we develop and use an approximate DP model to find the optimal protection levels on a single leg flight and extend it to a network of flights as well. We develop a Markov chain to calculate the expected revenue that is generated under implementation of a fixed policy at each stage of the approximate DP model and for any remaining capacity and then search for the optimal policy. We use large time chunks in the proposed DP model to decrease the computational effort and show that the resulting expected revenue converges to the expected revenue that is generated under implementation of the original DP approach. Unlike many of the existing models, in our proposed method, nesting is incorporated into the optimization procedure. Furthermore, by using the proposed Markov chain model, the expected generated revenue can be calculated directly and without using simulation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mount Campbell, Clark.
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29.
Haftel, Ze'ev Yoram.
Violent conflict and regional institutionalization: a virtuous circle?.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Political Science, 2004, Ohio State University
► International institutions have attracted a great deal of attention from scholars of…
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▼ International institutions have attracted a great deal of attention from scholars of international relations. A cursory look at the universe of international institutions reveals immense diversity. Yet systematic analysis of institutional variation is lacking, and the sources and effects of this variation are not well understood. My dissertation examines variation in one important type of international institution, regional integration arrangements (RIAs), and its relationship with violent conflict. The theoretical chapter explores possible causal paths by which regional institutionalization affects intramural violent conflict. It points to specific institutional features that correspond to alternative causal mechanisms advanced in the extant literature. It then considers possible effects of intramural conflict on regional institutionalization. The next chapter elaborates on the concept of regional institutionalization, and presents an original dataset by coding twenty-five RIAs on this variable. This data set points to a considerable institutional variation and reveals a sizable gap between institutional design and implementation thereof. Statistical techniques and an in-depth investigation of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) are employed to test the hypotheses generated in the theoretical chapter. The empirical results demonstrate that some institutional features are more effective than others in reducing intramural disputes, that variation in the institutionalization of these features has important consequences for violent conflict, and that implementation is crucial in this respect. They also suggest that both domestic and inter-state conflict hamper regional institutionalization. Finally, they uncover a mutually reinforcing feedback loop between peace and regional institutionalization, which provides empirical support for the "virtuous circle" thesis offered in this dissertation. My findings indicate that the realist dismissal of international institutions is unwarranted, but that institutionalists should pay closer attention to the manners by which international institutions alleviate international conflict and to the implementation of signed agreements. They also suggest that violent conflict operates as a powerful constraint rather than an incentive to regional institutionalization, which in turn indicates that institutionalized international cooperation is conditioned upon matters of high-politics. At the same time, these findings show that under conditions of peaceful coexistence, international institutions can produce otherwise unrealized benefits to their member-states.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pollins, Brian M.
Keywords: Regional Institutionalization, institutional design, regional integraton arrangements, militarized interstate disputes
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30.
Hagan, Aaron M.
PARALLEL 3D IMAGE SEGMENTATION BY GPU-AMENABLE LEVEL SET SOLUTION.
Degree: MS, College of Arts and Sciences / Department of Computer Science, 2009, Kent State University
► This thesis proposes an inherent parallel scheme for image segmentation of large…
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▼ This thesis proposes an inherent parallel scheme for image segmentation of large data sets using the GPU. The method originates from an extended Lattice Boltzmann Model (LBM), and provides a new numerical solution for solving the level set equation. As a local, explicit and parallel scheme, this method lends itself to several favorable features: (1) Very easy to implement with the core program only requiring a few lines of code; (2) Implicit computation of curvatures; (3) Flexible control of generating smooth segmentation results; (4) Strong amenability to parallel computing, especially on the low-cost, powerful graphics hardware (GPU). The parallel computational scheme is also well suited for cluster computing, leading to solution for segmenting very large data sets, which cannot be accommodated by a single machine. While large data sets are typically found in various applications, current level set segmentation algorithms cannot easily operate on such data. This method proposes a new tool adopting distributed computing for the visualization community. Several examples are shown performing segmentation on the GPU and GPU cluster with satisfying results and performance.
Advisors/Committee Members: Zhao, Ye.
Subjects: Computer science
Keywords: 3D Image Segmentation, Large Data Set, Level Set, Graphics Hardware, Cluster Computing, Lattice Boltzmann Method
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