1357 matches in the database.
These are records: 1 - 30.
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] … [46]
1.
LAAKE, REBECCA A.
DEPICTION OF SEXUALITY IN MUSIC VIDEOS.
Degree: MEd, Education : Health Promotion and Education, 2005, University of Cincinnati
► The purpose of this study was to examine the sexual messages depicted…
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▼ The purpose of this study was to examine the sexual messages depicted in music videos based on gender and music television network. A sizeable percentage of adolescents currently engage in sexual behavior. The depiction of sexuality in the media may affect adolescents’ perception of and involvement in sexual behaviors. The findings of this study may be particularly useful to professionals interested in developing effective interventions aimed at preventing such involvement. A 4-page coding sheet was developed to assess sexuality in music videos. The coding sheet consisted of three primary subscales: 1) attire; 2) dance/behavior; 3) location of sexual activity. The units of analysis were music videos aired on MTV, MTV2, BET, and GAC during August 2004. One-hour segments of music videos were taped daily for two weeks. Depictions of attire, dance/behavior, and sexual activity were tallied. Subscale items were summed by gender, resulting in total sex subscale scores. Results indicated a sizeable percentage of music videos contained sexual themes and sexual depictions. A series of analyses of variance were conducted and found significant differences (p < .05) based on an array of demographic variables. More specifically, female attire was more sexually provocative than male attire. In addition, female behavior was more sexually provocative than male behavior. Significant differences were also found based on music television network. A series of analyses of variance were conducted that found significantly more sexually explicit attire and sexually explicit behavior of characters on BET than characters on MTV, MTV2, or GAC. Furthermore, BET had an average sex score of 758.88 depictions per video of sexual attire and sexual behavior, followed by MTV with an average sex score of 206.75 depictions per video.
Advisors/Committee Members: King, Dr. Keith A.
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2.
LaBeaud, Angelle Desiree.
New Understanding of the Epidemiology of Rift Valley Fever Virus in Kenya.
Degree: Master of Sciences, Clinical Research, 2009, Case Western Reserve University
► Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging high priority pathogen that…
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▼ Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is an emerging high priority pathogen that threatens livestock and human health. In order to define the range of human transmission during interepidemic and epidemic periods in Kenya, archived sera (N = 1263) were tested for anti-RVFV IgG by ELISA and plaque reduction neutralization testing. RVFV seroprevalence was 10.8% overall and varied significantly by location, gender and age. Because most RVF outbreaks occur in remote locations following floods, environmental risk factors and human sequelae are not fully known. During an interepidemic period in 2006 a randomized household survey (N=248) was performed to examine age- and location-specific RVFV seroprevalence rates, and their association with health status and animal/non-animal exposures. Overall RVFV seroprevalence was 13% and interepidemic RVFV transmission was documented. Seropositivity increased with older age, rural village, male sex, and abortus disposal. The extent of epidemic and interepidemic RVFV transmission is greater than previously documented.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dawson, Neal V.
Subjects: Epidemiology; Health; Public health; Virology
Keywords: Rift Valley fever virus; Kenya; viral hemorrhagic fevers; bioterrorism; arboviruses; Bunyaviridae; risk factors; epidemiology
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3.
LaBerge, Kelsen.
Exploratory Research on a Method for Detecting Shaft Radial Cracks: Severity, Location, and Feasibility.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, EMC - Mechanical Engineering, 2008, Case Western Reserve University
► Crack failure is among the most dreaded failures experienced in rotating machinery.…
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▼ Crack failure is among the most dreaded failures experienced in rotating machinery. It is therefore important to be able to detect a crack before failure occurs and cost effective to know the location and severity of a crack making it possible to predict the behavior and life of the machinery. This dissertation outlines a method of crack detection using the elastic wave created by the snapping shut of a radial crack to determine these characteristics. To determine the feasibility of such a method, preliminary research is performed by examining the behavior of a crack in 4-point-bending. A theoretical solution for the elastic wave behavior is determined by modeling the behavior as the collinear impact between two shafts. A theoretical impact velocity is found using finite element modeling to examine crack geometry. A pendulum experiment is performed in order to examine the validity of the assumed theoretical acceleration at the shaft end. The experimental acceleration response is smaller than the theory because the volume of air caught between the shaft face and the wall has to be expelled. This is explained by Reynolds lubrication equation which proves this hypothesis. An experiment to test the 4-point-bending theory is presented. More work is needed to determine the feasibility of such a crack detection method, such as running a 4-point-bending experiment as the design for which is presented.
Advisors/Committee Members: Adams, Maurice.
Subjects: Engineering; Mechanical engineering
Keywords: crack; rotor; rotating machinery; elastic waves; crack detection
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4.
LaBlanc, Kelly J.
USING GLACIAL DISPERSAL PATTERNS TO UNDERSTAND THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SUBGLACIAL QUARRYINGDr.
Degree: PhD, Arts and Sciences : Geology, 2007, University of Cincinnati
► Quarrying of bedrock beneath a glacier produces coarse-grained sediment, helps maintain bed…
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▼ Quarrying of bedrock beneath a glacier produces coarse-grained sediment, helps maintain bed roughness, and creates rock tools for abrasion. Despite the importance of the process in the formation of glacial landforms and sediments, much remains unknown about its basic mechanics, controlling mechanisms, and rates. Characterizing the variation of quarrying along glacial flowlines is vital in understanding the quarrying process. If the pebble dispersal patterns preserved in glacial sediments do not conform to those predicted by a given model for quarrying, then the ice dynamics and process mechanics that control quarrying are unlikely to be consistent with that model. Three linear functions describing the spatial distribution of quarrying intensity along a glacial flowline were tested using pebble dispersal patterns preserved in the glaciated valleys in the Sawatch Range of Colorado and in the Appalachian Ice Complex of the South Mountain Batholith region of Nova Scotia. The functions represent simple forms of three unique distributions: 1) a case where quarrying is increasing in intensity down a glacial flowline, 2) a case where quarrying is decreasing in intensity down a glacial flowline, and 3) a constant case where quarrying intensity is uniform along the flowline. Iterative computer models combine the quarrying intensity distributions with information on the bedrock distribution and flow history of the study areas to predict pebble dispersal patterns. The modeled dispersal patterns were compared to observed patterns statistically to identify the best fit. The case where quarrying intensity is distally increasing was found to best predict observed pebble dispersal patterns. Modeling indicated that dispersal patterns were probably created during the advance phase with only minor modification during the retreat phase. Dispersal patterns in the South Mountain Batholith area are mostly the result of the last phase of glaciation with little inheritance from previous phases. The agreement between the two study areas suggests that the controls on quarrying or that quarrying mechanisms are independent of the size of the ice mass. The increasing intensity of quarrying in the marginal area is likely due to increased frequency and magnitude of water pressure changes in subglacial cavities.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lowell, Dr. Thomas V.
Subjects: Geology
Keywords: subglacial erosion, quarrying, glacial dispersal, Sawatch Range, Nova Scotia
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5.
Labronici, Marcos.
Effect of silicone interlayer on carbon fiber reinforced PMR-15 composite: Processing and characterization.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Macromolecular Science, 1994, Case Western Reserve University
► The objective of this work is to study the effect of silicone…
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▼ The objective of this work is to study the effect of silicone as an interlayer material in carbon fiber reinforced PMR-15 polyimide composites. Viscous and elastomeric silicones are applied as interlayers to these composites in order to develop a tougher and microcrack resistant composite, while preserving the excellent thermo-oxidative resistance of the PMR-15 polyimide matrix. Carbon fiber is continuously coated with high molecular weight polydimethylsiloxane and polymethylvinylsiloxane (780,000) in hexane. Uncured polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS gum) is the viscous interlayer studied and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS elastomer) and polymethylvinylsiloxane (PVMS elastomer) cured with peroxides are the two forms of silicone elastomers studied. The effect of the amount and the type of these forms of silicones on the mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of unidirectional composites are studied. It is shown that the silicone interlayer enhances impact strength, toughness, and microcrack resistance. The enhancement depends on the interlayer thickness, coating process, and laminate fabrication process chosen as well as the type of the silicone. Flexural and interlaminar shear strength is found to drop with the presence of the interlayer. It is demonstrated that the mechanical proper ties of the composites with silicone interlayers is not affected by thermal aging at 300°C for 100 h. The dynamic mechanical properties of the composites are determined and compared with uncoated carbon fiber reinforced PMR-15 polyimide composites. The presence of the interlayers are observed by the appearance of a new relaxation peak in dynamic mechanical spectra. The temperature of this peak is found to be a good indication of the degree of the cure of the silicone elastomer. Apparent activation energy of the α transition of the matrix in the modified composites varies with the amount and type of silicone interlayer in concert with the impact strength. The variation of the activation energy is explained in terms of structural changes within the matrix that arise from interfacial effects due to the presence of the soft interlayer. The main structural change within the matrix is believed to be a decrease in the free volume caused by the relieving of internal stress
Advisors/Committee Members: Ishida, Hatsuo.
Subjects: Plastics Technology
Keywords: Silicone interlayer; Carbon fiber reinforced PMR-15 composite
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6.
Lachat, Veronique M.
Understanding Oil Resistance of Nitrile Rubber: CN Group Interactions at Interfaces.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Polymer Science, 2008, University of Akron
► Nitrile rubber (NBR) is copolymer of acrylonitrile and butadiene. It is resistant…
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▼ Nitrile rubber (NBR) is copolymer of acrylonitrile and butadiene. It is resistant to swelling by hydrocarbon oils. Swelling and thermal degradation decrease as acrylonitrile content increases. Infrared-visible Sum Frequency Spectroscopy (SFS) is used in the present study to probe the molecular origin of oil resistance. SFS is a surface specific spectroscopic technique and was used to probe an NBR/liquid interface. Oil resistance of the NBR is reflected in changes in the SFS spectra of NBR at the interface. As reference materials, two additional polymers polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polybutadiene (PBD) were included and analyzed prior to analyzing the nitrile rubber. SFS analysis of the film revealed a shift of the CN stretching mode at the sapphire/PAN interface compared to that of PAN bulk when the PAN film was annealed above its glass transition temperature. This demonstrates how environment affects nitrile dipole-dipole interaction. The influence of liquid environment on the PAN surface was directly assessed by comparing the SFS spectra of the PAN/air to that of PAN/heptane and PAN/water interfaces. This showed a minor effect of the solvent on the nitrile CN stretching mode of PAN. The second section was devoted to the analysis of PBD. A positive shift of the methylene stretching mode of PBD is detected in the SFS spectrum. This indicates that the polar sapphire surface influences the specific vibrational mode of PBD. Finally, NBR rubbers with 40% or 20% acrylonitrile content (ACN) were characterized. In the SFS spectra of NBR (40% and 20 ?N)/air surfaces, a new vibrational band was observed at 2050 cm-1, in addition to the CN stretching mode of nitrile rubber at 2233 cm-1. This band was not detected in bulk NBR (40% and 20% ACN). Additives in bulk NBR were determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Results suggested the presence of amines molecules. However, purified NBR also showed the 2050 cm-1 band. There are a limited number of assignments that can be present in this range. This includes nitrile groups interacting with salts. Probable assignments are proposed after considering the chemical compounds present in NBR emulsion polymerization. The final part of this dissertation is concerned with the interaction between an NBR film and two solvents: heptane and toluene. No change at the sapphire/NBR interface upon heptane exposure indicates the stability of the NBR film in contact with heptane. This is in accord with the oil resistance of NBR to hydrocarbon solvents. Solubilization of the NBR rubber thin film after toluene exposure is revealed by changes in the SFS spectrum at the sapphire/NBR interface. This shows that SFS is capable of accurately detecting molecular changes at polymer/liquid interfaces. SFS results are consistent with the resistance of NBR to aliphatic solvent and instablity in aromatic solvents. Quantitative interpretation of the oil resistance will require an assignment of the 2050 cm-1 absorption band.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dhinojwala, Ali.
Subjects: Polymers
Keywords: nitrile rubber; solvent resistance; Sum Frequency Spectroscopy
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7.
LACHEY, JENNIFER LYNN.
THE ROLE OF THE CENTRAL GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 IN MEDIATING VISCERAL ILLNESS.
Degree: PhD, Medicine : Interdisciplinary (Medical Science Scholars, Neuroscience), 2002, University of Cincinnati
► Central administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) produces responses similar to those produced…
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▼ Central administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) produces responses similar to those produced by a toxic LiCl dose, the prototypical visceral illness-inducing agent. These responses include anorexia, conditioned taste aversion (CTA) learning and distinct Fos activation. Importantly, in the rat, LiCl administration Fos activates a significant number of preproglucagon-producing cells. Additionally, in the rat, pretreatment with a GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) antagonist attenuates these illness responses. Together, these data led to the hypothesis that the central GLP-1 system mediates visceral illness. To further describe GLP-1 action in visceral illness, we determined LiCl ability to elicit anorexia, CTA learning and Fos activation in mice lacking GLP-1 signaling (GLP-1R -/-) expecting these responses would be absent or attenuated. Consistent with this prediction, GLP-1R -/- mice exhibit reduced Fos activation in brain regions downstream of GLP-1R signaling compared to +/+ controls. In contrast to our prediction, GLP-1R -/- mice are anorectic and form a CTA in response to LiCl. These data support the idea that there is a species difference between mouse and rat for the visceral illness system or that unknown interactions for GLP-1 and/or its antagonists exist. Our finding that central GLP-1 administration is able to support CTA learning in mouse as it does in rat does not support species differences as the primary explanation for the discrepant pharmacological and genetic data. Furthermore, GLP-1 is not able to support a CTA in GLP-1 -/- mice. This result supports the contention that these effects are mediated by the sole identified GLP-1 receptor. Taken together, these results raise the possibility that developmental compensation occurs in GLP-1 -/- mice such that alternate systems mediate the effects of LiCl to produce visceral illness responses.
Advisors/Committee Members: Seeley, Dr. Randy J.
Subjects: Biology, Neuroscience
Keywords: visceral illness; glucagon-like peptide-1; nucleus of the solitary tract; emesis; lithium chloride
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8.
Lackner, Laura L.
Investigating the Mechanism of Escherichia coli Min Protein Dynamics.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Molecular Biology and Microbiology, 2006, Case Western Reserve University
► In Escherichia coli the pole-to-pole oscillation of the MinC division inhibitor is…
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▼ In Escherichia coli the pole-to-pole oscillation of the MinC division inhibitor is required for proper placement of the division machinery. The membrane association/dissociation cycle of MinC is driven by the MinD ATPase and the MinE topological specificity factor, which themselves undergo a coupled oscillatory localization cycle. During this cycle, MinD and a portion of MinE assemble on the membrane along one cell half in a pattern resembling a test tube (the MinD/E tube), while another portion of MinE assembles at the rim of this tube forming a ring-like structure (E-ring). To understand the biochemical mechanisms behind Min protein dynamics, we investigated the interactions of purified Min proteins with ATP and phospholipid vesicles. We found that the ATP-bound form of MinD binds phospholipid vesicles in a cooperative fashion and recruits both MinC and MinE to the vesicles. In addition, we found that MinE stimulates the dissociation of MinC, MinD, and itself from the vesicles. Thus, ATP and MinE play critical roles in regulating the association and dissociation, respectively, of the Min proteins and the membrane. MinE has two known functional domains: the N-terminal anti-MinCD domain (DMinE) and the C-terminal topological specificity and dimerization domain (TSMinE). We investigated the contributions of each domain of MinE in the regulation of Min protein-membrane dissociation. We found that DMinE is necessary and sufficient to stimulate dissociation of the Min proteins from the membrane. However, TSMinE is required to establish Min protein oscillation in a majority of cells. In addition, TSMinE is also required for E-ring formation. These results suggest that TSMinE and perhaps E-ring formation play a critical role in Min protein oscillation by helping to initiate and/or sustain Min protein dynamics. Characterization of the MinD mutant MinDK16R revealed an additional role for MinE. While MinE does not induce MinDK16R oscillation, MinE does promote the accumulation of MinDK16R into static membrane-associated spiral-like structures. We propose that these structures may represent a stage in the dynamic Min protein oscillation cycle, therefore, suggesting that MinE has at least two roles in Min protein dynamics, regulating Min protein-membrane dissociation and regulating Min protein spiral formation.
Advisors/Committee Members: de Boer, Piet.
Keywords: Min system; MinD; MinE; cell division; E.coli cell division
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9.
Lacombe, Véronique Anne.
MUSCLE GLYCOGEN METABOLISM IN HORSES: INTERACTIONS BETWEEN SUBSTRATE AVAILABILITY, EXERCISE PERFORMANCE AND CARBOHYDRATE ADMINISTRATION.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Veterinary Clinical Sciences, 2003, Ohio State University
► Horses undertake recreational activities that decrease muscle glycogen stores. Similar to humans,…
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▼ Horses undertake recreational activities that decrease muscle glycogen stores. Similar to humans, muscle glycogen availability may influence exercise performance. In the first study, a model of glycogen depletion was developed and used to investigate the effect of muscle glycogen availability on the athletic capacity of horses. We demonstrated that exercise-induced muscle glycogen depletion was associated with a 60% decrease in anaerobic capacity during subsequent exercise, without effect on aerobic capacity. To rule out any confounding effects of other exercise-induced changes, a second study investigated the effects of muscle glycogen depletion and subsequent replenishment on athletic capacity. In a blinded crossover study, seven fit horses received either an intravenous glucose or saline infusion after exercise. Run time to fatigue, accumulated oxygen deficit and blood lactate concentration during a subsequent high-speed exercise test were greater for the horses with normal muscle glycogen concentration than for the horses with persistent muscle glycogen depletion. It was concluded that muscle glycogen availability influences anaerobic capacity and ability to perform high-intensity exercise in horses. Given the critical role of adequate glycogen stores in enabling optimal performance, the factors and mechanisms affecting muscle glycogen replenishment in horses were studied. We first demonstrated that intravenous glucose infusion (6g/kg) hastened muscle glycogen resynthesis compared to saline infusion. The effect of 3 isoenergetic diets of varying glycemic indices on the rates of muscle glycogen synthesis after exercise was evaluated in a crossover study. Seven horses received either a high soluble carbohydrate diet (grain, HCO), or a low soluble carbohydrate diet (hay, LCO), or a mixed diet (M) every 8 hours for 72 hours after exercise. We demonstrated that muscle glycogen resynthesis is slower in horses than in humans. Feeding high-glycemic index (HCO) meals hastened muscle glycogen replenishment compared to LCO and MCO diets by increasing blood glucose and insulin availability to skeletal muscle. Finally, insulin-sensitive glucose transporters (GLUT-4) were characterized in equine muscles by Western blotting. We demonstrated that exercise increased GLUT-4 protein content by 27%. Replenishment of muscle glycogen stores after carbohydrate administration, either by glucose infusion or diet, attenuated the increase in GLUT-4 protein content of skeletal muscle.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hinchcliff, Kenneth W.
Subjects: Biology, Veterinary Science
Keywords: Anaerobic capacity; ; muscle glycogen resynthesis; ; glycemic index; ; GLUT-4 glucose transporter; ; lactate
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10.
LADEINDE, OYEBOLA O.
Genetic and Environmental Factors Influencing Wheezing in African Americans.
Degree: MS, Medicine : Epidemiology (Environmental Health), 2008, University of Cincinnati
► Objectives To determine whether genetic variants in the interleukin 4 (IL-4) and…
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▼ Objectives To determine whether genetic variants in the interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interleukin 13 (IL-13) genes influence recurrent wheezing in African American children and if these effects are modified by exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP), environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and sensitization to allergens. Study Design A birth cohort of 643 children was evaluated annually by a questionnaire, physical examination, skin prick testing and buccal swabbing to obtain DNA samples. The relationship of ETS and DEP exposure, sensitization and genotype with the outcome of recurrent wheezing was analyzed. Results The prevalence of sensitization was 44.4% and recurrent wheezing was 16.4% at the third year visit. The odds of recurrent wheezing in African American children was significantly increased when they were sensitized to the aeroallergens; meadow fescue, red cedar, ragweed, penicillium, cockroach and cat. Conclusions In African American children with a family history of sensitization, exposure to red cedar, ragweed, penicillium, cockroach and cat increases the odds of recurrent wheezing.
Advisors/Committee Members: Haynes, Erin.
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11.
LADHA, PARAG.
POLYMERIC MEMBRANE SUPPORTED BILAYER LIPID MEMBRANES RECONSTITUTED WITH BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT PROTEINS.
Degree: MS, Engineering : Materials Science, 2006, University of Cincinnati
► The purpose of this research was to develop stable bilayer lipid membranes…
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▼ The purpose of this research was to develop stable bilayer lipid membranes (BLM’s) on flexible synthetic supports and reconstitute them with biological transport proteins. Porous polymeric substrates such as nylon, polyester, and polycarbonate membranes as well as an ionomeric membrane (Nafion®) were evaluated as scaffolds for stabilization of lipid bilayers. BLM’s formed on these substrates were made functional by reconstitution of ion channels and proteins in them. The activity of the gramicidin ion channel reconstituted in the BLM was followed by measuring ionic resistance across the BLM which was found to decrease in the presence of a permeable cation medium. On a charged substrate like Nafion, the POPE lipid used in this work, with a positively charged head group could form stable BLM’s on Nafion due to electrostatic interaction with the negatively charged sulfonic acid groups on the surface of Nafion membrane. Proton pump reconstitution in these artificial BLM’s showed that the protein was active on reconstitution and responded to a dose of ATP by transporting H+ ions across the BLM. This activity was measured by following pH in the outer chamber as ATP was supplied in the inner chamber. These studies have shown that phospholipid bilayers can be formed on a wide variety of polymeric membranes. These bilayer incorporated with membrane proteins maintain the functional properties of the native membrane proteins. These simple methods can provide biological synthetic composites mimicking biological function.
Advisors/Committee Members: Boerio, Dr. James.
Subjects: Engineering, Materials Science
Keywords: phospholipids, BLM, gramicidin D, porous membranes, proton pumps
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12.
Ladianou, Aikaterini.
Logos Gynaikos: Feminine Voice in Archaic Greek Poetry.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Greek and Latin, 2009, Ohio State University
► This dissertation argues that feminine voice can be found in Archaic…
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▼ This dissertation argues that feminine voice can be found in Archaic Greek poetry. Attempting to answer this question, I tried to build a case for a feminine voice that is historically contextualized, since it is constructed within the context of archaic Greece. For this thesis, such a voice is not as a natural, physical voice but a constructed gendered voice. In the beginning, Sappho’s construction of feminine voice is considered as dialogic. Sappho re-reads, re-writes Homeric epic as a feminine epic: polyphonic, against dichotomies and hierarchies. In the case of Sappho, feminine voice is constructed as the voice of the persona loquens, be that Sappho or the female performer. In Homer, a similar feminine voice is constructed as the voice of Helen, a poetic female figure. Thus, Homer constructs a double, unfixed, polyphonic feminine voice that functions as an alternative poetic discourse within the Iliad. Finally, in Alcman the female voice of the chorus proves to be essentially masculine. Thus, emphasizing hierarchical models, or male models of desire, the chorus is reinforcing patriarchal structures. Building on French feminist theory and late Bakhtinian discussions, this thesis attempts to map down polyphony, multiplicity, fluidity and mutability as the main characteristics of a feminine voice. By demonstrating how both male and female authors are able to construct a feminine voice with the aforementioned characteristics essentialist arguments are avoided. Hence, both Sappho and Homer produce a feminine voice, a multiple, dialogic, unfixed voice. The use of such a feminine voice is an ideological choice with sociopolitical implications. My objective was to explore a feminine voice that is neither essentialist nor victimized: if Sappho’s feminine voice is not anchored on her gender, it is a position in language rather than a biologically defined position, then, an écriture feminine can be composed by male writers as well. Moreover, if Sappho is able to speak at the same time within and against the specific androcentric society, then, indeed, the subaltern woman, and her voice, does exist.
Advisors/Committee Members: Batstone, William.
Subjects: Classical studies
Keywords: archaic poetry; greek; Sappho; Homer; Alcman; gender; feminine voice; french feminist theory
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13.
Laditka, Robyn Mackenzie.
The Influence of Argumentativeness, Verbal Aggressiveness, and Affective Orientation on Roommate Communication Satisfaction and Roommate Affinity.
Degree: Master of Arts, Communication, 2006, University of Akron
► The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a…
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▼ The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between three specific communication traits and roommate communication satisfaction. The three traits this study examined included: verbal aggressiveness, argumentativeness, and affective orientation. Two Hundred four participants were asked to complete a questionnaire measuring argumentativeness, verbal aggressiveness, affective orientation and roommate communication satisfaction. The findings indicated there was no significant relationship between roommate communication satisfaction and argumentativeness, nor was there was significant relationship between roommate communication satisfaction and affective orientation. However, the results did show a significant negative relationship between roommate communication satisfaction and verbal aggressiveness. Implications of these findings, and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Rancer, Andrew.
Keywords: Argumentativeness; Verbal Aggressiveness; Affective Orientation; Roommate Communication Satisfaction; Roommate Satisfaction; Roommate Affinity; Affinity
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14.
Lad, Manish.
Characterization of Atmospheric Noise and Precipitation Static in the Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) Band for Aircraft.
Degree: Master of Science (MS), Electrical Engineering (Engineering), 2004, Ohio University
► This Thesis investigates the effects of noise caused by lightning discharges and…
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▼ This Thesis investigates the effects of noise caused by lightning discharges and Precipitation Static (P-Static) in the Loran-C band, as observed by an airborne receiver. To characterize the noise, an airborne data collection system was used to store the radio frequency samples from both a loop (H-field) antenna and a wire (E-field) antenna. Flight test data were collected and analyzed under nominal, P-Static, and nearby thunderstorm conditions. Based on the research described in this thesis it was found that: 1) E-field and H-field antennas are affected similarly by lightning-induced noise; 2) In the presence of thunderstorms, the noise increase for both antennas was less than 2.3 dB; and 3) An H-field antenna effectively mitigates aircraft P-Static noise in the Loran-C band.
Advisors/Committee Members: van Graas, Frank.
Keywords: Loran-C
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15.
Lado, Beatrice H.
Characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes Important for Pulsed Electric Field Process Optimization.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Food Science and Nutrition, 2003, Ohio State University
► Processing-resistant Listeria monocytogenes strains appear sporadically in ready-to-eat food, and constitute a…
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▼ Processing-resistant Listeria monocytogenes strains appear sporadically in ready-to-eat food, and constitute a considerable challenge to food processors. Pulsed electric field (PEF) is an alternative to thermal processing and it inactivates pathogens in liquid food. The high-intensity electric pulses kill rapidly microbial contaminants. Since L. monocytogenes is among the most PEF-resistant non-sporing foodborne pathogens, this study focused on identifying characteristics of Listeria that may be useful for PEF process optimization. Resistance to PEF treatment, at 25 kV/cm, varied among L. monocytogenes strains suspended in 0.1% NaCl (pH 7.0) or 50% acid whey (pH 4.2). Listeria monocytogenes OSY-8578 was identified as a potential target strain for process optimization, based on its high PEF-resistance. Resistance to PEF could not be associated with genotypic differences, as determined by pulsed field gel electrophoresis or arbitrarily primed-polymerase chain reaction method. However, the target strain, OSY-8578, had a unique genotype, which is potentially useful for its identification. Sublethal PEF process (15 kV/cm for 29 micros) did not induce general stress response, a physiological state with over-expression of major molecular chaperones. On the contrary, expression of the chaperones, GroEL, GroES and DnaJ decreased within 5 to 20 min after PEF treatment. The decrease in expression was more marked for Scott A (PEF-sensitive) than OSY-8578 (PEF-resistant). Interestingly, the chaperone expression profile, after PEF treatment, paralleled an increased sensitivity of the pathogen to mild heat. This sensitization was not observed when mild heating was applied prior to PEF. Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014, but not L. innocua ATCC 33090, was identified as potential surrogate of the target L. monocytogenes , OSY-8578, when these bacteria were suspended in a neutral simple medium (e.g., 0.1% NaCl solution) and treated at 25 kV/cm for 144 micros. Inactivation of Listeria by PEF was greater in acid or acidified whey (pH 4.2) than in sweet whey (pH 6.8) or in 0.1% NaCl (pH 7.0). In acid or acidified cheese whey, Lb. plantarum was more resistant to PEF than was L. monocytogenes OSY-8578; the former bacterium, therefore, may serve as a surrogate of the latter in such media.
Advisors/Committee Members: Yousef, Ahmed E.
Keywords: Listeria, pulsed electric field, target, chaperone, GroEL, GroES, DnaJ, surrogate, sensitization
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16.
LADORES, MINERVA M.
A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY OF TWO TEACHER EDUCATION TECHNOLOGY CLASSES: UNITED STATES AND THE PHILIPPINES.
Degree: EdD, Education : Curriculum and Instruction, 2005, University of Cincinnati
► This study explored the delivery of technology education in two countries. The…
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▼ This study explored the delivery of technology education in two countries. The participants were the professors and graduate students in each class. Sources of data included classroom observations, individual interviews with the students and the professors from each class and focus group discussions. The major theoretical framework used was Hofstede’s cultural dimensions. Findings showed convergence in using constructivism in instruction. There was also convergence in views and problems met in utilizing technology in education. Divergence was observed in classroom dynamics and specific technology issues discussed. Cultural context is indeed an important component in instructional design, especially when planning for a learning environment involving diversity. This study also contributes to the significance of and guidelines for conducting international studies.
Advisors/Committee Members: Swami, Dr. Piyush.
Keywords: teacher education, instructional technology, cross-cultural studies, international research, cultural maturity
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17.
Laethem, Ronald Michael.
Characterization of parathyroid hormone binding to the mitochondrial proton pumping ATPase.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Biology, 1990, Case Western Reserve University
► Parathyroid hormone has been shown to bind to the β subunit of…
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▼ Parathyroid hormone has been shown to bind to the β subunit of the proton transporting ATPase found in mitochondria and bacteria. This binding has been examined further with purified F1 ATPase enzyme, submitochondrial particles, and intact mitochondria. PTH specifically causes a three fold activation of ATPase activity of isolated rat kidney mitochondria. Oxidized forms and fragments of PTH were less effective at activating this activity than 1-34 or 1-84 PTH. PTH caused a 12% activation of submitochondrial particle ATPase only when the natural ATPase inhibitor was present and only at pH 6.7. No activation of purified F1 ATPase was observed. Specific binding of the iodinated PTH analog (Nle8,18Tyr34) -bPTH (1-34) could be observed with submitochondrial particles and purified F1 ATPase (K ds of 100 nM and 1 μM, respectively). However, the affinity was lower than with the plasma membrane PTH receptor from bovine kidney. Oxidation of methionine 18 reduced the affinity 60% in the membranes, particles, and pure enzyme; oxidation of methionine 8 reduced the affinity 95%, and oxidation of both methionines decreased binding to undetectable levels. The 3-34 and 7-34 PTH fragments were found to bind the ATPase with higher affinity than expected (K ds of 0.16 and 0.5 4 μM, respectively). The stoichiometry of PTH binding is one molecule per enzyme molecule. PTH reduced the chemical crosslinking of the ATP analog, FSBA, to the α subunit of this enzyme, but did not alter labeling of the enzyme with BzATP, suggesting a PTH interaction with a nucleotide binding site. Direct chemical crosslinking of PTH to the ATPase with the photoactivatable crosslinker SASD was used to study PTH binding. Sequencing of CNBr fragments of PTH-crosslinked β subunit has shown that the sites of PTH interaction with the β subunit are in regions of the molecule that have been implicated as being near noncatalytic ATP binding sites. These studies suggest that PTH binds at a unique site on the β subunit which is near a regulatory ATP binding site either on or shared with an α subunit.
Advisors/Committee Members: Zull, James E.
Subjects: Biology, General
Keywords: parathyroid hormone binding mitochondrial proton pumping ATPase
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18.
LaFay, Eric Bryan.
Mechanical System Design of a Haptic Cobot Exoskeleton.
Degree: Master of Science (MS), Mechanical Engineering (Engineering), 2007, Ohio University
► This thesis presents a mechanical system design of a haptic cobot exoskeleton…
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▼ This thesis presents a mechanical system design of a haptic cobot exoskeleton for use in physical therapy rehabilitation. The exoskeleton will be the first exoskeleton to offer cobot technology in a wearable haptic device. This exoskeleton provides a significant improvement in existing haptic exoskeleton technology by providing high performance haptic feedback while maximizing the user’s safety. An overall system and subsystem design is presented; which includes a spherical 3RRR mechanism for the shoulder. A detailed design of the shoulder mechanism is presented in five parts: a range of motion study, the kinematic parameters, the kinematics, kinematic optimization and a collision study. The range of motion study is based anatomical data collected using a Flock of Birds motion capture device. The design process for optimization of the shoulder mechanism is presented in which the shoulder mechanism is optimized by examining the Jacobian matrix with the lowest inverse condition number and global condition index. The result is an practical design of a exoskeleton with a high performance shoulder mechanism that is capable of reaching nearly a quarter of workspace developed by the Flock of Birds.
Advisors/Committee Members: Williams II, Robert.
Keywords: Haptic Exoskeleton; Shoulder Mechanism; Spherical Mechanism; Optimization of Spherical Mechanism; Cobot; Exoskeleton; Haptic; REACH exoskeleton; CVT design; mechanical system design; range of motion study; upper extremity exoskeleton
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19.
Lafe, Ols.
The Earliest Urbanized Settlements in the Hinterland of Apollonia (Albania): 7th – Mid 5th Century B.C.
Degree: MA, Arts and Sciences : Classics, 2004, University of Cincinnati
► This thesis examines the earliest inhabited settlements of the hinterland of the…
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▼ This thesis examines the earliest inhabited settlements of the hinterland of the Greek colony at Apollonia (Albania) during the Protourban period (ca. 700 – 450 B.C). The areas of Myzeqe and Mallakastra are the geographical focus of this detailed analysis. The first chapter concentrates on the discussion of the physical landscape of these areas, and the history of archaeological research. The second chapter consists of the list of sites that are discussed in this thesis. Their fortifications, domestic architecture, and pottery are analyzed. In the third chapter a discussion of the inter-settlement and intra-settlement levels is made. The lack of burials near the native sites is noted. Trade in the hinterland of Apollonia, and appearances of imported pottery, namely Corinthian and Ionian are discussed. The fourth chapter is a survey of burial rites at Apollonia and the factors that may have influenced the Greeks to adopt the rite of tumuli.
Advisors/Committee Members: Davis, Dr. Jack L.
Subjects: Anthropology, Archaeology
Keywords: Apollonia; Albania; Protourban period; Myzeqe; Mallakastra; Karaburun
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20.
Laferty, Edward Alan.
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Levels During Qualitative Respirator Fit Testing.
Degree: MS, Medicine : Industrial Hygiene (Environmental Health), 2004, University of Cincinnati
► Approved Occupational Safety and Health Administration qualitative respirator fit test methods require…
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▼ Approved Occupational Safety and Health Administration qualitative respirator fit test methods require the use of a test hood about the subject’s head and shoulders. Workers fit tested by this method have commented on the discomfort of being inside the test enclosure. This study was designed to quantify some parameters that might lead to these types of comments. For this study, subjects performed a series of four respirator fit tests. A quantitative and a qualitative fit test were performed with a full facepiece respirator. Then a quantitative and a qualitative fit test were performed with an N95 filtering facepiece respirator. Parameters measured include: subjects height, weight, and age, oxygen and carbon dioxide levels, air temperature, heart rate, arterial oxygen saturation, and Borg Ratio Scale value on breathing exertion. Carbon dioxide levels are significantly higher and oxygen levels are significantly lower in the respirator when the test hood is used during the qualitative fit test. The temperature inside the test hood rose an average 7.5°F in the course of the qualitative fit test of the N95 filtering facepiece device. These stressors are not present during a quantitative respirator fit test. Professionals conducting respirator fit tests should be aware of the physiological burdens that may occur during the qualitative respirator fit test. Some groups may be especially sensitive to this test such as the elderly, pregnant women, persons with pulmonary and/or cardiac disease, or persons with psychological disorders such as anxiety, panic disorders, or claustrophobia.
Advisors/Committee Members: McKay, Dr. Roy T.
Subjects: Health Sciences, Public Health
Keywords: respirator; QNFT; QLFT; CO2; O2
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21.
LaFever, Kathryn S.
Interdisciplinary Teacher Education: Reform In the Global Age.
Degree: Doctor of Education, Educational Leadership, 2008, Miami University
► The Global Age can be understood as an Age of Interdisciplinarity, as…
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▼ The Global Age can be understood as an Age of Interdisciplinarity, as complex global problems increasingly require interdisciplinary approaches. Interdisciplinarity is a relatively nascent curricular approach yet one increasingly needed in the field of education. This study advocates postsecondary interdisciplinary teacher education reforms that effectively integrate discipline-based coursework with interdisciplinary courses to prepare future teachers to utilize interdisciplinary curricular approaches in P- 12 education. This is a study of interdisciplinarity but also an interdisciplinary study. It conceptualizes interdisciplinary teacher education based on a constructivist theoretical approach indebted primarily to Maxine Greene, and focuses especially on literature in the field of interdisciplinary studies, published in the United States since 1997. The confluence of interdisciplinary and constructivist approaches, as well as interdisciplinarity and disciplinarity are examined. Existing interdisciplinary teacher education programs, interdisciplinary teaching strategies, and curricular designs are explored. This study provides a conceptual model that addresses teacher professionalization, interdisciplinary vision, global consciousness and wide-awakeness, and the democratic dimensions of interdisciplinary teacher education. It conceptualizes critical and socioculturally relevant education, learning communities, student-centered education, novice and non-specialist interdisciplinary inquiry, Deweyan cognitive disequilibrium, interdisciplinary research questions and questioning skills, interdisciplinary integration, and alternative academic structures and resources in interdisciplinary teacher education.
Advisors/Committee Members: Carlson, Dennis.
Subjects: Teacher education
Keywords: interdisciplinary; teacher education; international education; educational reform; constructivism; Maxine Greene
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22.
Lafferty, Sarah.
Holding Out For A Female Hero: The Visual And Narrative Representation Of The Female FBI Agent In Hollywood Psychological Thrillers From 1991-2008.
Degree: Master of Arts (MA), Popular Culture, 2009, Bowling Green State University
► This thesis analyzes the visual and narrative representation of female FBI…
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▼ This thesis analyzes the visual and narrative representation of female FBI agents and male serial killers in the Hollywood films, 'Silence of the Lambs' (1991), 'Hannibal' (2001), 'Taking Lives' (2004), and 'Untraceable' (2008). It explores how character roles and narrative functions related to the hero character type change over time. The films are analyzed through a textual analysis using Proppian formalism, structural, narratology, genre, and gender theories. 'Silence of the Lambs' and 'Hannibal' offer the groundwork of the female FBI agent in the rookie figure of Clarice Starling. 'Taking Lives', the first example in a thriller genre post-Clarice Starling, offers an agent, Illeana Scott, who is depicted as the next step, the young career woman with more agency than Starling. Jennifer Marsh, in 'Untraceable', provides a character encompassing a combination of the more positive qualities, and is an established female hero. Beginning with 'Silence of the Lambs' and ending with 'Untraceable', narrative functions and positioning moves the female FBI agents into the role of the female hero. The definition of hero, as the author defined it, is based in narrative structure with a focus on the importance of the ultimate self-rescue. It is stripped of the character's moral standings and decisions, as the author looked at the function of the character type and not the overall personality and psychological makeup of the figure. Due to this definition, while there is a female hero figure, most prominently in Jennifer Marsh, there are also heroes found in places typically not associated with common conceptions of the term “hero.” Labeling the female FBI agent as the hero figure is significant because it is acceptable that women in the current time period and political climate realistically hold these positions and hold them well. Women are active in the FBI, as well as many other federal and state agencies and the military, unlike in decades before. Therefore it is only natural, as genre and film are social mirrors, that these women are represented within fictional narratives as powerful, independent heroes.
Advisors/Committee Members: Brown, Jeffrey A.
Subjects: Motion Pictures
Keywords: Silence of the Lambs; Hannibal; Untraceable; Taking Lives; gaze; film; genre; Propp; female hero; narrative; horror; psychological thriller
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23.
La Foret, Annmarie.
My Role as a Technical Communicator in an Interactive Media Organization.
Degree: Master of Technical and Scientific Communication, Technical and Scientific Communication, 2002, Miami University
► The purpose of this internship report is to describe my internship experience…
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▼ The purpose of this internship report is to describe my internship experience and to present a case study of a major project in my internship: I worked with Davey Tree, a national tree and lawn care company, to redesign their web site. The report focuses on the use of problem-solving approaches to technical communication from the beginning to the actual completion of the project. The report also serves to inform faculty and students in the program about the practice of technical and scientific communication at the Interactive Media Group (the interactive media organization where I performed my internship) and to help students who have not yet begun their internships to understand what they might expect in a small, informal organization.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lutz, Jean.
Keywords: internship report; internship experience; redesign web site; problem-solving approaches; technical communication; Interactive Media Group; role as technical communicator; MTSC
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24.
Lagedrost, Elizabeth T.
Representational Shifts: Sublime Landscapes and American Culture.
Degree: Master of Landscape Architecture, Landscape Architecture, 2009, Ohio State University
► This document offers a discussion of the sublime as a piece of…
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▼ This document offers a discussion of the sublime as a piece of the historic conceptualization of landscape. For the purpose of this discussion, the sublime is understood as a philosophical idea associated with the emotional or mind altering response of fear, awe or power produced by individual perception of the landscape. This emotional effect is tied to temporality, such that the experience of the sublime occurs for only a moment, which then passes. It is in this instant that a desire for representation of the sublime is manifest. Representation serves as a means of constructing an image or language of this experience. These captured moments present shifts in our relationship to nature, and our identification with the landscape. Historically the sublime has maintained a connection with the individual, but it has been the collective perception of nature that reflects on the culture of our society. The singularity of the relationship between the individual and nature was historically altered with the insertion of technology into the landscape. Effectively, the concept of nature shifted from associations with the unaltered and uncontrolled wilderness, to the manipulated and constructed landscapes of our world today. Moreover, as perceptions have changed, registration of the sublime has shifted from the aesthetic landscape toward that of the anti-aesthetic. Technology as a product of the man-made, has contributed to these shifts, and in turn to perceptions of the landscape as a part of a cultural identity. This document traces technological emergence within the context of nature, from the steam engine and factory of the industrial revolution, to the internet, satellite imaging and digital media of our current times. Technology can be seen in, and as a part of, representation of the sublime experience. These portrayals of the landscape serve as constructed realities based on individual perception. Today’s digital and information technologies seem to reach a threshold, from which the reality is no longer comprehendible and the imagination must take over. Thus as technology progress and society shifts, what becomes of our contemporary relationship to the landscape sublime?
Advisors/Committee Members: Amidon, Jane.
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25.
LaGuardia, John Louis.
Computer Aided Parametric Screw Design and Analysis Using Pro/Engineer Solid Modeling Software.
Degree: Master of Science, Mechanical Engineering, 2009, University of Akron
► In the need for an ever increasing fast paced life, many tools…
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▼ In the need for an ever increasing fast paced life, many tools are created to simplify and speed up minor tasks. Screws are highly engineered components that are widely used as fasteners in industry. In some applications standard stock can be used but a large number applications require custom design which requires many iterative design steps. The main objective of this thesis is to develop a computerized screw program that executes completely within Pro/ENGINEER solid modeling software, therefore reducing design and manufacture times and provides efficient results. The decisions to utilize Pro/ENGINEER for this project were: 1) it is used throughout many industries, 2) it is one of the main platforms for solid modeling and 3) it is a powerful tool that may be utilized to build repetitive geometry. Many documents have been published on fundamental screw design and various companies have written software programs to simplify and expedite the design of screws. However, there is no design program that integrates screw design into Pro/ENGINEER solid modeling software. With the use of Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0 [From PTC, Parametric Technology Corporation], a subprogram was written within this solid modeling program to assess the user��™s inputs and generate outputs, which can be used directly in manufacturing. In this thesis, the subprogram developed not only allows for easy iterative design and modeling of screws, it also has the advantage of obtaining solid models, drawing and design parameters in a single package. The focus of this subprogram is on screws and their thread types. The user has the option of choosing from four main screw thread types (square, ACME, buttress or unified) and a user defined custom thread, from which the computer will prompt a series of relevant engineering queries. Once the inputs are made, the program will generate an actual part drawing of the screw and a chart, listing all the screw geometries and useful engineering calculations. In this thesis, four different thread types have been modeled and results have been confirmed. These tools will allow the user with a standard Pro/ENGINEER commercial license to run this program and generate screw design parameters and drawings.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lam, Paul.
Subjects: Design; Engineering
Keywords: solid modeling techniques screw design
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26.
Lai, Chwan-Fu.
THE EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL LIGHTING, SHOE WEAR/TEAR AND LOAD CARRIAGE DURING DYNAMIC TASK PERFORMANCE ON SLIPPERY SURFACES.
Degree: PhD, Medicine : Environmental Health Sciences, 2000, University of Cincinnati
► The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinetic and kinematic…
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▼ The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinetic and kinematic aspects of slips associated with tasks performed while walking on a slippery surface under different environmental lighting and shoe wear/tear conditions. The effects of job-task, shoe wear/tear and environmental lighting on the required coefficient of friction (RCOF) to perform a job safely without slipping was researched. Forty healthy industrial workers were recruited for this study. There were five experimental conditions - surface slipperiness, lighting, shoe type, weight carriage, and walking path. Kinetic measurements which included the Maximum RCOF (RCOFmax ), and Coefficient of Friction provided by the shoe (COF shoe), x-excursion, y-excursion, and cycle time were collected using a strain-gauge type force platform. Using a video-based motion analysis system, the kinematic measurements of incoming velocity, sliding distance, sliding velocity, and heel contact angle were calculated. In addition, a subjective rating scale, Perceived Sense of Slip (PSOS), was administered immediately after each gait test to determine the subjective perception of slip during task performance. Test results indicated that the % of slip occurrence for walking on a turning path (63.7%)was greater than that of a straight path (56.3%). Slip occurrence also increased with the PSOS score. Results from the kinematic analysis indicated that there were behavioral changes associated with the slipperiness of the walking surfaces. The mean incoming velocity at heel strike was smaller (0.98 m/sec) in poor lighting condition than that in good lighting condition (1.06 m/sec). The mean sliding distance for a very oily surface was 3.4 cm, which was significantly longer than that for slightly oily (0.9 cm) or medium oily surfaces (1.9 cm). The sliding velocity was highest for very oily surfaces (0.15 m/sec) compared to medium (0.09 m/sec)or slightly oily (0.04 m/sec) surfaces. Results from this study indicate that slippery surfaces affect the kinematics of gait, while the effects of surface and path had detrimental impact on the kinetics of gait. Subjects modified their gait patterns while walking on the slippery surfaces and turning paths. Recognizing an impending danger of slipping and engaging appropriate strategies is not always possible. Reducing the sliding distance and velocity, once a slip is initiated, by better footwear and floor design may reduce the likelihood of a slip or fall incident.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bhattacharya, Amit.
Subjects: Health Sciences, Public Health
Keywords: Slip Prevention; Fall Prevention
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27.
Laidlow, Leandra D.
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT: AN ANALYSIS OF THE 2003 COMMON ENTRANCE EXAMINATIONS IN THE COMMONWEALTH OF DOMINICA.
Degree: Master of Education (MEd), Educational Research and Evaluation (Education), 2004, Ohio University
► Four hundred and thirty six students of the Roseau public elementary schools’…
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▼ Four hundred and thirty six students of the Roseau public elementary schools’ mathematics scores on the 2003 Common Entrance Examinations are analyzed to investigate the presence or absence of gender differences. These differences are to be analyzed with reference to geographic location (urban, suburban, rural, and deep rural) and districts (west, east, and south). A 2 x 4 ANOVA is used to investigate gender differences by geographic location and a 2 x 3 is used to investigate differences by districts. Two alternative analyses form part of the study. A one–way ANOVA is used to investigate gender differences in the eastern district comprising of only deep rural schools and a three-way ANOVA is also used to answer the overall questions of gender differences. The results of the two-way and three-way ANOVAS on of the CEE, girls have outperformed their male counterparts. It has also been revealed that there are urban and rural differences as well as western and eastern differences between male and female in mathematics performance. The one way ANOVA did not reveal any gender differences within the eastern district. Generally, it can be concluded that girls have performed better than boys on the mathematics section of the 2003 CEE in Roseau in the Commonwealth of Dominica. Contains 40 references, 10 tables, and 4 figures.
Advisors/Committee Members: Brooks, Gordon.
Keywords: CEE (Common Entrance Examinations); Caribbean; Dominica; Developing Countries; Gender Differences; Mathematics Achievment
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28.
Lai, Fu-Chih.
Emergency Room Nurses' Responses to Domestic Violence Cases in Taiwan.
Degree: PHD, College of Nursing, 2007, Kent State University
► Taiwanese society faces increasing domestic violence that is a global health, social,…
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▼ Taiwanese society faces increasing domestic violence that is a global health, social, and human rights problem across cultural and geographical boundaries. Emergency room (ER) nurses are standing at the frontline identifying and intervening with domestic violence cases. In Taiwan, there is a paucity of published literature on ER nurses’ experiences with and responses to domestic violence cases. Therefore this study employed vignettes in a factorial survey design along with labeling theory to examine which status characteristics of domestic violence cases and ER nurses predict Taiwanese ER nurses’ responses to domestic violence cases.Data were collected from 252 Taiwanese ER triage nurses in 12 of 19 medical-center-level hospitals through a survey questionnaire that had three parts: the most recent domestic violence case, domestic violence case vignettes, and ER nurse status characteristics questions. Each respondent responded to four random and unique vignettes on the three dependent variables of “ask further questions about domestic violence”, “identify”, and “report” a domestic violence case. This resulted in 1008 vignettes used as the units of analysis. Status characteristics of domestic violence cases: age, escort, somatic symptom, and physical injury and status characteristics of ER nurses: marital status, domestic violence education, and personal domestic violence experience had significant effects on predicting ER nurses’ responses to domestic violence cases. Additional findings revealed that 95.6% of the nurse respondents had professional experiences and 20% had personal experiences with domestic violence. Nearly 65% of respondents had received domestic violence education and 42.9% of that education was from continuing education.This study is important to nursing practice as it provides insight for ER clinical managers and educators about the patient and nurse characteristics that are important to nurses’ decisions about domestic violence. Moreover, study results can serve as evidence for policy regulation about domestic violence education and intervention.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ludwick, Ruth.
Subjects: Health Sciences, Nursing
Keywords: Domestic Violence; Emergency Room; Factorial Survey; Responses; Vignettes
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29.
Lai, Haoyu.
On the design of nonlinear gain scheduled control systems.
Degree: Master of Science (MS), Electrical Engineering (Engineering), 1998, Ohio University
On the design of nonlinear gain scheduled control systems
Advisors/Committee Members: Lawrence, Douglas A.
Keywords: Nonlinear Control Systems; Pitch-Axis Missile Autopilot; Linear Feedback Tracking Controllers
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30.
Lai, Ju-Ping.
Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome Ten (PTEN) as a molecular target in lung epithelial wound repair and protection.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Pharmacy, 2008, Ohio State University
► The long-term goal of this study is to identify a potential innovative…
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▼ The long-term goal of this study is to identify a potential innovative therapeutic target to prevent or treat Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), a condition associated with systemic inflammation and characterized by extensive lung epithelial damage leading to protein enriched fluid influx into the lung alveolar space and compromised ventilation [1, 2]. The rapid progression of acute lung injury at the onset of ARDS is one of the reasons responsible for the high mortality of ARDS [3]. A variety of strategies to treat and manage ARDS has been extensively investigated. However, patient survival has not been improved. Based on the previous work of our laboratory and numerous studies that identify the cell survival phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway as a vital survival axis in the lung epithelium, we focused on this pathway as a molecular target to prevent lung epithelium dysfunction [4-6]. Phosphatase and Tensin homolog deleted on chromosome Ten (PTEN) is a phosphase that is known to be a negative regulator of the PI3K/Akt survival pathway by dephosphorylation of PI(3,4,5)P3 at the 3 position in the inositol ring thereby inactivating this second messenger [7, 8]. PTEN is enriched in the lung epithelium as observed in our preliminary data. The Knoell laboratory previously reported that activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway promotes lung epithelial cell survival during inflammatory stress [4]. Based on this, we hypothesized that inhibition of PTEN by specific PTEN inhibitors would be a rational therapeutic strategy to facilitate normal lung epithelium cell function under stress conditions. The PTEN inhibitor, bisperoxovanadium, was first reported in 2004 documenting PTEN target specificity in cell culture models [9]. In our study, the same PTEN inhibitor and a related analogue were utilized and studied for their in vitro and in vivo potential to inhibit PTEN, activate the PI3K/Akt signaling axis and/or other downstream signaling pathways of PTEN, and restore lung epithelial function either before or after insult.
Advisors/Committee Members: Knoell, Daren.
Subjects: Pharmaceuticals; Pharmacology
Keywords: PTEN inhibition; acute lung injury; wound repair; protection; lung epithelium
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