1918 matches in the database.
These are records: 1 - 30.
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] … [64]
1.
Maack, Thomas L.
Device to intra-operatively measure joint stability for total knee arthroplasty.
Degree: Master of Science, Mechanical Engineering, 2008, Ohio State University
► Despite the recognized importance of proper soft tissue balancing during a total…
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▼ Despite the recognized importance of proper soft tissue balancing during a total knee arthroplasty, instability remains a major cause for revision surgery. During surgery, indicators such as joint space are used to help achieve a balanced knee, and a subjective manual check of stability is performed after trial components are in place. This contrasts with biomechanics researchers who use complex devices to apply known loads and measure resultant motions to find stability. However, none of these devices are appropriate for use during a total knee arthroplasty to provide surgeons with immediate feedback. I created a novel device to help surgeons apply known loads, intra-operatively, for varus/valgus, internal/external, and anterior/posterior stability tests. The device employs a load cell and surgical navigation system. Validation of the device showed high accuracy and error standard deviations of no greater than 2.50 Nm varus/valgus moment, 1.38 Nm internal/external moment, and 5.45 N anterior/posterior force.
Advisors/Committee Members: Siston, Robert.
Subjects: Mechanical engineering
Keywords: soft tissue balancing; total knee arthroplasty; joint stability; stability; instability; laxity
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2.
MAAHS, JEFF R.
MATERNAL RISK FACTORS, EARLY LIFE EVENTS, AND DEVIANT OUTCOMES: ASSESSING ANTISOCIAL PATHWAYS FROM BIRTH THROUGH ADOLESCENCE.
Degree: PhD, Education : Criminal Justice, 2001, University of Cincinnati
► The life-course perspective has been instrumental in exploring relationships between early life…
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▼ The life-course perspective has been instrumental in exploring relationships between early life circumstances, childhood problem behaviors, and adolescent and adult offending. This dissertation focuses on three areas that are central to the life-course perspective, (a) the development of childhood antisocial behavior, (b) factors that foster the stability of antisocial behavior, and (c) debate over the existence of multiple routes to delinquency. Particular research questions focus on (a) whether biosocial interactions predict childhood antisocial behavior, (b) whether processes of cumulative continuity account for stability in antisocial behavior, and (c) whether discrete offender groups differ on risk markers for delinquency. This research uses a sample of 1030 individuals from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Mother-Child data set to examine the onset and persistence of antisocial behavior. Negative Binomial regression models reveal no support for the hypothesis that childhood antisocial behavior is the result of an interaction between neuropsychological deficits and structural adversity. Rather, the findings suggest that while both individual differences and structural adversity predict childhood antisocial behavior, these factors operate in an additive, rather than interactive fashion. The analyses focusing on the development of antisocial behavior from childhood to adolescence suggest that both stability and change are evident, and that early antisocial behavior is an insufficient cause of delinquency. Analysis of sub-groups constructed based on their level of antisocial behavior over time revealed some differences (including verbal intelligence and poverty status) between individuals with a history of childhood antisocial behavior (life-course persistent) and those who began offending in adolescent (adolescent limited), but these differences are overshadowed by similarities between the groups. The theoretical and policy implications of this research are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mazerolle, Dr. Paul.
Subjects: Sociology, Criminology and Penology
Keywords: childhood antisocial behavior; delinquency; moffitt; maternal risk
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3.
Maarouf, Marwan Younes.
XML Integrated Environment For Service-Oriented Data Management.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Computer Science and Engineering PhD, 2007, Wright State University
► The proliferation of XML as a family of related standards including a…
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▼ The proliferation of XML as a family of related standards including a markup language (XML), formatting semantics (XSL style sheets), a linking syntax (XLINK), and appropriate data schema standards have emerged as a de facto standard for encoding and sharing data between various applications. XML is designed to be simple, easily parsed and self-describing. XML is based on and support the idea of separation of concerns: information content is separated from information rendering, and relationships between data elements are provided via simple nesting and references. As the XML content grows, the ability to handle schemaless XML documents becomes more critical as most XML documents do not have schema or Document Type Definitions (DTDs). In addition, XML content and XML tools are often required to be combined in effective ways for better performance and higher flexibility. In this research, we proposed XML Integrated Environment (XIE) which is a general-purpose service-oriented architecture for processing XML documents in a scalable and efficient fashion. The XIE supports a new software service model that provides a proper abstraction to describe a service and divide it into four components: structure, connection, interface and logic. We also proposed and implemented XIE Service Language (XIESL) that can capture the creation and maintenance of the XML processes and the data flow specified by the user and then orchestrates the interactions between different XIE services. Moreover, XIESL manages the complexity of XML processing by implementing an XML processing pipeline that enables better management, control, interpretation and presentation of the XML data even for non-professional users. The XML Integrated Environment is envisioned to revolutionize the way non-professional programmers see, work and manage their XML assets. It offers them powerful tools and constructs to fully utilize the XML processing power embedded in its unified framework and service-oriented architecture.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chung, Soon M.
Subjects: Computer Science
Keywords: Schemaless XML documents, XML Integrated Environment (XIE), XIE Service Language (XIESL), XML processing pipeline, service-oriented computing (SOC).
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4.
Maass, John Richard.
"A complicated scene of difficulties": North Carolina and the revolutionary settlement, 1776-1789.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, History, 2007, Ohio State University
► From 1775 to 1783, North Carolina experienced significant challenges and disorders during…
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▼ From 1775 to 1783, North Carolina experienced significant challenges and disorders during the course of the Revolutionary War, which profoundly shaped the postwar rebuilding process in the state. Revolutionary North Carolinians were forced to deal with significant problems during the war, particularly that of disaffection within the state. Additionally, financially strapped authorities had to mobilize Continental regiments and field an effective militia force. These were challenges the state was unable to meet adequately during the war. British military successes after 1778 were devastating, taxed North Carolina’s mobilization and logistical capabilities, and intensified Tory hostilities. Moreover, the state had to adopt two invasive expedients to wage war—impressment and the draft—which alienated much of its citizenry and added to the prevalent chaos. The Revolutionary years left North Carolina in a state of physical, financial, social and political disorder by 1783. The war came to influence how Carolinians reconstructed their state throughout the 1780s. The significant level of disaffection within the state ensured that the last few years of the conflict and its aftermath were characterized by retribution and punishment against the loyalists, including banishment and property confiscation. This spirit of revenge led the state to refuse to abide by the terms of the Treaty of Paris in 1783, so that property confiscation and prevention of British debt collection could continue unabated until 1787. The failure to abide by the terms of the treaty strongly suggests a localist outlook, which characterized North Carolina for much of the 1780s. Most Carolinians seem not to have regarded the federal government as necessary for their postwar settlement, and held it in low regard. Adherence to a strong national union would mean approval of the treaty terms and loss of the state’s financially valuable western lands. Many Carolinians came to regard the Continental Congress, and later the Confederation government, as weak and ineffective due to its wartime performance, and thus refused to support North Carolina’s active allegiance to it. In fact, Carolinians ratified the Federal Constitution in 1789, only after the state’s localist self interest was satisfied in terms of land and loyalists.
Advisors/Committee Members: Brooke, John.
Subjects: History, United States
Keywords: North Carolina; American Revolution; Nathanael Greene
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5.
MacArthur, Kelly Rhea.
“Doing Gender” in Doctor-patient Interactions: Gender Composition of Doctor-patient Dyads and Communication Patterns.
Degree: MA, College of Arts and Sciences / Department of Sociology, 2008, Kent State University
► There are many well documented gender differences in language, but explanations for…
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▼ There are many well documented gender differences in language, but explanations for why they exist vary. Taking a distinctly sociological approach, this thesis uses the “doing gender” framework to analyze gender in interactions. Drawing on past literature on women and men generally and on women and men physicians specifically, this research examines how gender affects doctor-patient communication. Using medical student-standardized patient interactions, several different specific communication behaviors are measured to indicate if women physicians conduct more patient-centered, partnership-building medical encounters and if they have communication skills that are considered to be better than men physicians’. Results show that women physicians do not have medical encounters that indicate greater patient-centered care or greater symmetrical encounters than men physicians do. The results of this study suggest that the influence of patients in forming doctor-patient interactions should not be ignored, as they typically have been in past studies. As with all social interactions, women and men are always “doing gender” in doctor-patient interactions even though diminished gender effects on communication are found here. If gender differences in language were due to essentialist, natural differences between the two sexes, they would be consistent across contexts, which the results of this study show they are not.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gallagher, Timothy.
Subjects: Sociology
Keywords: sociology; gender; doctor-patient interactions; doing gender
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6.
Macbeth, Karen P.
The situated achievements of novices learning academic writing as a cultural curriculum.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Educational Theory and Practice, 2004, Ohio State University
► Few studies on teaching and learning academic writing consider the tacit assumptions…
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▼ Few studies on teaching and learning academic writing consider the tacit assumptions that underlie its conventions (e.g., evidence, argument, plagiarism) or how novices learn them. The prevailing view is that academic writing can be taught explicitly, but for novices it constitutes a curriculum of arcane objects that only make sense to cultural members because they are indexical to unspoken judgments. While we might agree that all curricula are cultural in these ways, how they are has been largely untouched in the literature. The purpose of this study is to show how the conventions of academic writing are cultural by examining the pedagogical practices and competencies that students and teachers must negotiate in order to recognize, assess, and use them. The study draws on a corpus of materials from an intermediate class in basic academic writing for ESL students for an academic quarter. Analysis was informed by readings in naturalistic inquiry in sociology, anthropology, ethnomethodology, and education and focuses on the practical actions of students as they follow their instructions and make sense of their assignments. The study corpus includes videotapes of class sessions, audiotapes of tutorials, and students' written work. The researcher was the instructor of the class. Findings suggest that far from being a one-way transmission of explicit knowledge or skills, learning academic conventions involves on-going, methodic, interpretive work. Furthermore, a paradox emerges wherein learners are required to know already what they are attempting to learn as a condition of making sense of their instruction in how to do it. The paradox gets worked out through a formal curriculum of models, and a learning curriculum of tutorials, where students learn to recognize and practice the unspoken judgments of academic writing. Contrary to prevailing views that academic writing conventions can be taught as a set of skills, this study shows that skills seldom show themselves until a curriculum of judgment is in place.
Advisors/Committee Members: Clark, Caroline T.
Keywords: situated learning, academic writing, second language writing, socio-cultural practice, apprenticeship, basic English
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7.
MacCarthy, Henry W.
Cuban Zarzuela and the (Neo)Colonial Imagination: A Subaltern Historiography of Music Theater in The Caribbean.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Comparative Arts (Fine Arts), 2007, Ohio University
► Zarzuela is a musical theater genre in which alternating sung and spoken…
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▼ Zarzuela is a musical theater genre in which alternating sung and spoken text do not rupture the dramatic action. It originated in Spain during the seventeenth century primarily as a form of court entertainment, however it soon became an effective tool for the consolidation of Spanish colonial power in the Americas. While many of the former Spanish colonies developed native zarzuela genres, Cuba was the only American territory to develop a solid and prolific zarzuela culture with an extensive repertoire. Cuban zarzuela developed and flourished in Cuba between the 1920s and 30s, a few decades after the Spanish relinquished control of the Island. This historical period was marked by pronounced shifts in the country’s political, economic, and cultural sectors. As the country began to define itself as a nation, artists turned back to the colonial experience in search of a national identity. Hence, from its inception Cuban zarzuela has been part of a nationalist project. Even though its structure follows closely that of its Spanish counterpart, Cuban zarzuela is an independent musical theater genre, differentiated from the former by the inclusion of Afrocuban, European and Indocuban performance practices that circulated throughout the Island until the early twentieth century. I position Cuban zarzuela and the themes it explores in the context of what Diana Taylor has labeled ‘scenarios of discovery’ to designate a research paradigm that decenters European modes of knowledge production and transmission in the interpretation of cultural phenomena in the Americas. In doing so, I frame my analysis by locating and exploring the gaps within and among the histories of the Spanish conquest, and the subsequent trajectories of the scenario in the diaspora. My objective is to localize the ways in which zarzuela has been an active participant in discourses of Cuban national identity construction. I conclude my analysis with an exploration of the relationships between zarzuela, cultural memory, and identity formation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Peterson, Marina L.
Subjects: Theater
Keywords: Cuban Zarzuela; Zarzuela; Cuban Diaspora; Musical Theater
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8.
MacCleary, Jared.
Foreign Direct Investment in America's Automotive Industry.
Degree: Master of Arts, Political Science, 2006, Miami University
► This paper investigates the factors that lead a foreign automaker to invest…
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▼ This paper investigates the factors that lead a foreign automaker to invest in a particular state. It examines variables that gauge a state’s manufacturing development, labor union activity, and economic environment. The analysis is done in two parts. First, a classification tree analysis is conducted on data representing greenfield auto assembly investments. It includes observations of states that did receive investment and states that did not receive investment in order to identify the principal differences. The second analysis is a case study of Honda in Ohio. The key factors that attracted Honda to Ohio are identified and described. This paper concludes that the attribution to Southern states’ low union activity rate as one of the most important reasons for attracting investment is overstated. Furthermore, the industrial development and the presence of American automakers, what many have described as a weakness in Midwestern states, may actually become an attractive feature in the near future.
Advisors/Committee Members: Rothgeb, John.
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9.
MacDade, Lauren S.
DIETARY CONTRIBUTION OF EMERGENT AQUATIC INSECTS AND CONSEQUENCES FOR REFUELING IN SPRING MIGRANT SONGBIRDS.
Degree: Master of Science, Natural Resources, 2009, Ohio State University
► Songbirds are faced with exceptional energetic demands during migration, and the ability…
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▼ Songbirds are faced with exceptional energetic demands during migration, and the ability to refuel, or gain mass, is imperative to a successful migration. Recent evidence suggests that emergent aquatic insects, and specifically midges (Diptera: Chironomidae), provide an important food resource in the northern Great Lakes region for spring migrant landbirds. Stable-carbon isotopes in breath can be used to infer recent dietary choices, and plasma lipid metabolites can be used to assess refueling performance of migrant songbirds. Using stable-carbon isotope analysis and metabolite profiling, I investigated migrant use of midges and refueling performance in Yellow-rumped Warblers (Dendroica coronata), Magnolia Warblers (D. magnolia), and White-throated Sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis). My study was conducted in shoreline and inland forest habitat in northwestern Ohio in April-May 2007 and 2008. I found that stable-carbon isotopes varied between shoreline and inland habitats and that dietary composition and refueling performance varied among shoreline sites for Yellow-rumped Warblers, but not the other two migrant songbirds. However, there was no association between dietary composition and refueling performance. Using an information theoretic approach, I found that midge abundance was important in explaining the variation in refueling performance for Yellow-rumped Warblers and White-throated Sparrows, but not for Magnolia Warblers. My findings suggest that in both shoreline and inland forest patches migrant songbirds used a combination of aquatic and terrestrial arthropods, and received energetic benefits from use of these resources. Refueling performance of migrants at small shoreline forest sites was comparable to inland forest sites, despite shoreline forest sites often having very high concentrations of migrant landbirds, and greater potential for resource competition. These findings indicate that conservation and restoration of shoreline and inland forest patches with nearby wetlands is warranted given the high concentrations of migrants that occur in these habitat types and ability of migrant landbirds to successfully refuel.
Advisors/Committee Members: Rodewald, Paul.
Subjects: Ecology
Keywords: emergent aquatic insect, refueling performance
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11.
MacDonald, Robert L.
Rogue State? The United States, Unilateralism, and the United Nations.
Degree: Master of Arts, History, 2006, University of Toledo
► The thesis illustrates the disconnect between the benevolent rhetoric and actual U.S.…
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▼ The thesis illustrates the disconnect between the benevolent rhetoric and actual U.S. foreign policy from 1980 to the present through an examination of the U.S. voting record in the United Nations Security Council and General Assembly, detailing that the United States fits its own definition of a rogue state.
Advisors/Committee Members: Britton, Diane.
Subjects: History, United States
Keywords: United States Foreign Policy; United Nations; Security Council Vetoes
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12.
Maceli, Peter Lawson.
Deciding st-connectivity in undirected graphs using logarithmic space.
Degree: Master of Science, Mathematics, 2008, Ohio State University
► In 2004 Omer Reingold gave a deterministic log-space algorithm which solves the…
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▼ In 2004 Omer Reingold gave a deterministic log-space algorithm which solves the problem of st-connectivity in undirected graphs. The motivating idea behind Reingold's algorithm was the observation that this problem is essentially trivial for constant degree graphs with logarithmic diameter. The crux of Reingold's algorithm is that an arbitrary undirected graph can be transformed in log-space into such a graph. Though this transformation results in a much more complicated graph it allows us to solve this fundamental algorithmic question in log-space. Additionally, the problem of undirected st-connectivity is complete for the space complexity class SL, the class of problems solvable by symmetric, non-deterministic, log-space computations. And so as a corollary to Reingold's log-space algorithm we have that SL=L, where L is the class of problems solvable by deterministic log-space computations. In this thesis, we examine this algorithm in depth and discuss a number of its consequences.
Advisors/Committee Members: Robertson, Neil.
Subjects: Mathematics
Keywords: USTCON; log-space; expander graphs; graph connectivity
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13.
Macenko, Marc D.
Eigenimage-based Robust Image Segmentation Using Level Sets.
Degree: Master of Science (MS), Computer Science (Engineering), 2006, Ohio University
► This thesis presents a novel way of integrating shape prior information into…
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▼ This thesis presents a novel way of integrating shape prior information into a level set based segmentation scheme. It utilizes the eigenimages of the signed-distance functions of the training shapes and confines the segmentation to statistically allowable shapes while minimizing the Chan-Vese functional via gradient descent. Implemented under the level set framework, the resulting algorithm can handle topological changes very well and is robust to noise and initial contour location due to the prior shape information being integrated. Meanwhile, the compactness of the eigenimage representation overcomes the "curse of dimensionality problem" existing for one-dimensional principal component analysis. We demonstrate this technique by applying it to several synthetic and real images.
Advisors/Committee Members: Liu, Jundong.
Keywords: Eigenimage; level set; segmentation; prior information
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14.
MacFarlane, Peter.
The Therapeutic Alliance from the Clients' Perspective: a Qualitative Approach.
Degree: Master of Science (MS), Psychology (Arts and Sciences), 2009, Ohio University
► In spite of being a consistent predictor of outcome, measures of alliance…
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▼ In spite of being a consistent predictor of outcome, measures of alliance only explain about 5% of the variance in therapy outcomes. One approach in elaborating on the understanding of the alliance has been to focus on the client's perspective which this thesis builds on. Grounded coding was applied to 53 client's open-ended responses to questions focusing on the development of the therapeutic alliance during their first two sessions of therapy. Open-ended responses to 52 workbooks designed to enhance client-therapist alliance were broken down into meaning-units (Rennie, 2002), and categorized according to the grounded theory method as developed by Strauss and Corbin (1998) and elaborated by Rennie (2006) and others. Clients' perspective of the developing alliance, in particular activities that strengthen the bond component, elaborated on recent findings related to clients' contribution to the alliance as well as recent attempts to elaborate types of alliance bonds. The present research further begins to shed light on the relationship between specific outcome-oriented techniques and their influence on the therapeutic alliance. The results begin to build a bridge between clients' responses and established theory.
Advisors/Committee Members: Anderson, Timothy M.
Subjects: Psychology; Psychotherapy
Keywords: Therapeutic alliance; client perspective; psychotherapy; qualitative analysis
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15.
MacGregor, James Bruce.
SALUE MARTIR SPES ANGLORUM: ENGLISH DEVOTION TO SAINT GEORGE IN THE MIDDLE AGES.
Degree: PhD, Arts and Sciences : History, 2002, University of Cincinnati
► Since the seventeenth century, English antiquarians, scholars and popular authors have sought…
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▼ Since the seventeenth century, English antiquarians, scholars and popular authors have sought to explain why Saint George became the patron saint of England. Unfortunately, the majority of these works have concerned themselves so thoroughly with documenting the development of the saint as the symbol of the nation that they have forgotten or ignored the fact that medieval people venerated Saint George as a martyr. In short, these works have ignored Saint George's place within the context of medieval piety – the very context out of which the political and patriotic symbol of the nation emerged. This study examines the history of the cult of Saint George in England with special emphasis on the manner in which English men and women venerated and prayed to Saint George. The result of this new analysis is a picture of medieval piety that clearly identifies Saint George as a personal intercessor. While medieval men and women recognized Saint George's special connection to England – via his patronage of the Order of the Garter and his intercession in times of war – they prayed to the saint for their own needs and not for the well-being of the kingdom. Such acts of personal piety, widespread throughout England, underpin broader royal, martial and political events, all of which explain why a fourth-century martyr became and remains the patron saint of England.
Advisors/Committee Members: Murray, Dr. James M.
Subjects: History, Medieval
Keywords: Cult of Saints; Saint George; Medieval England; Liturgy; Books of Hours
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16.
MACHERET, LEONID.
A NEW PARADIGM FOR DYNAMIC WELLNESS: INTEGRATIVE APPROACHES TO THE HEALING ARTS.
Degree: MS, Medicine : Occupational Medicine, 2005, University of Cincinnati
► On first blush it may seem odd that a thesis discussing alternative…
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▼ On first blush it may seem odd that a thesis discussing alternative medicine would be presented to the department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. however, it is quite logical to place alternative medicine in the context of occupational medicine, because it is a useful tool in getting people back to work, and staying at work, at a reasonable cost. Furthermore, people who through alternative or traditional medicine, become partners in improving their own health, will also take care of themselves at work, an at home avoiding injuries, and illnesses. This thesis does not negate the value of traditional medicine, which is excellent at treating acute illness and injuries. Rather, this thesis attempts to create a new paradigm for wellness: the Healing Arts, which blends both traditional and Complementary Alternative Medicine (CAM). This new paradigm includes occupational and preventative medicine, by working with the whole patient using various methods to improve that patient’s well being. The end result is a patient that is healthier, more able to work, more aware of his or her health, and less in need of the radical, invasive, and expensive treatment that is traditional medicine’s strength. In turn, this healthier patient is a worker who is able to work more productively, is more involved in his or her own well being, and therefore less prone to accidents. For businesses this means financial savings in healthcare costs, overall costs, as well as expenses for injury, surgeries, and missed workdays. It means improved earnings from a more aware and a more able workforce. Clearly, CAM is an integral part of the Healing Arts as is Occupational and Preventative Medicine. This thesis will examine this new paradigm for healing and well-being, and will offer various methods for improving the health of all patients, just as Occupational and Preventative medicine can be applied to the health and level of function of all patients.
Advisors/Committee Members: Shukla, Dr. Rakesh.
Keywords: Complementary Alternative Medicine, CAM, Healing Arts, Preventative Medicine, Occupational Medicine
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17.
Machesky, Nicholas John.
The modulation of sphingolipids by human cytomegalovirus and its influence on viral protein accumulation and growth.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Integrated Biomedical Science, 2007, Ohio State University
► Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a beta-herpes virus which can cause serious disease…
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▼ Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a beta-herpes virus which can cause serious disease and even death in congenitally-infected infants and in immunocompromised individuals or immunosuppressed transplant recipients. Sphingolipids are structural components of cell membranes that can act as critical mediators of cell signaling. An unexplored area of research is whether HCMV modulates sphingolipids and their signaling pathways. Our data show that HCMV infection results in increased accumulation and activity of sphingosine kinase (SphK) within different cell types and occurs during early times of infection. Measuring the levels of transcripts encoding key enzymes of the sphingolipid metabolic pathway during HCMV infection revealed a temporal regulation of both synthetic and degradative enzymes of this pathway. Using mass spectrometry, we were able to generate a sphingolipidomic profile of HCMV-infected cells, which suggests an enhancement of de novo sphingolipid synthesis at early times of infection. This was followed by a decrease in the levels of several sphingolipids at 48 hrs, correlating with the upregulation of degradative enzymes. Then by knocking down SphK1 expression with siRNA, we showed that this enzyme may function within HCMV infected cells to sustain levels of the immediate early (IE) transactivator, IE1. Later, we show evidence suggesting that de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis is necessary for the production of optimal levels of infectious virus progeny, but has an intermediate product which suppresses the levels of IE1 protein accumulation. Through exogenous addition of dhSph, an intermediate of de novo sphingolipid synthesis, we show that this lipid can inhibit HCMV protein accumulation. dhS1P treatment, however, results in increased accumulation of HCMV proteins, although only at early times during infection. Moreover, pretreatment of cells with dhS1P or S1P prior to infection results in reduced accumulation of HCMV gene products, thus indicating a time-dependent need for increased dhS1P levels by HCMV. Finally, our results, using a drug inhibitor to suppress SphK activity during infection with HCMV, suggest that the stimulation of SphK activity may act to promote virus replication. These studies indicate that HCMV modulates sphingolipid metabolism to temporally regulate the levels of dhSph and dhS1P in order to optimize viral protein accumulation and growth.
Advisors/Committee Members: Van Brocklyn, James R.
Keywords: sphingolipids; cytomegalovirus; sphingosine kinase; S1P
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18.
Machhar, Nishant.
(auto)motiontecture motion in design, designing for automobiles.
Degree: MARCH, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Architecture (Master of), 2008, University of Cincinnati
► Motion (noun), meaning a continuous change in the position of a body…
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▼ Motion (noun), meaning a continuous change in the position of a body relative to a reference point, as measured by an observer. This phenomenon was first compiled by Sir Issac Newton in his 3 laws of motion. With evolution came the wheel, the urge to travel and the enthrallment of speed / auto-motion thus had humankind manifest and realize this phenomenon to various modes of transportation over land, water and skies. Of these, the Automobile or the car has been one of the most significant modes of transportation. It started as a potential but expensive alternative to the transit system then, but soon became the basis of transport and lead to a culture of private transit. Since then it has been an indispensable part of our lives, the society, it has affected and reflected upon the geographies of existing and future settlements and of course being a cult object for the true adherent it has been a way of life. Automobile, from Greek Auto: self, Latin Mobile: moving, meaning something that has the ability to move on its own. The first proper production car was manufactured and sold by Daimler Motoren Gesellschaft (Daimler Motor Company, DMG) in 1896 and since then the number of cars worldwide have grown to around 600 million by the first decade of the 21st century. The Car no longer remains a mode of transport, but is a secondary shell to humans after buildings, then is the sense of emotional bonding with them, of possessing a vehicle of a lineage, a vehicle which is well engineered, which is beautiful & evoking to our senses and is a mode of sustainable transport. For over a century it has been observed that most of the times it is the emotional quotient that plays a decisive role in choosing a vehicle. The Automotive industry which has been one of the most ambitious and optimistic of the industries is observing a paradigm shift, car makers are looking at better ways to engage with people and the society thereby looking for an expression of motion, of their brand philosophy. This has led them to invest into building Museums of Auto-motion, orientation centers, research & development facilities and design centers which are not just shells that house these facilities but are an expression of their brand philosophies and hubs to the synthesis of ideas and future developments. A built edifice can be a representation of Man's progress in relation to the notion of motion; here in conjunction to the automobile since its advent as a mode of private transit, the auto industry on the other hand can patronize architecture which can be a synthesis of parallels in between the two leading to a radical yet timeless expression.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chatterjee, Jay.
Subjects: Architecture
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19.
Machida, Moe.
An Examination of Sources and Multidimensionality of Self-Confidence in Collegiate Athletes.
Degree: Master of Science in Sport Studies, Physical Education, Health, and Sport Studies, 2008, Miami University
► The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships among…
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▼ The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships among selected personality and social factors, sources and different types of confidence in collegiate athletes, using the sport-confidence model (Vealey, 1986; Vealey & Chase, 2008) as a guiding framework. Different types of confidence and sources were found to be associated with different factors. For example, task-involving motivational climate positively predicted athletes' selection of both controllable and uncontrollable sources of confidence, while ego-involving motivational climate did not appear as a significant predictor of both types of sources. Several dimensions of perfectionism (i.e. personal standards, doubts about actions, perceived coach pressure, concern over mistake) appeared as strong predictors of different types of confidence. The results also indicated a link between controllable sources of confidence and the level of confidence. Overall, the results from the present study supported the multidimensionality of athletes' confidence. Practical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Vealey, Robin.
Subjects: Physical education; Psychology; Social psychology
Keywords: athletes; sport; self-confidence; self-efficacy; sources of confidence; perfectionism; achievement goal orientation; motivational climate; coaching behavior
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20.
Machin-Lucas, Jorge.
La espiral ontologica e intertextual en la poesia de Jose Angel Valente: creacion poetica y busqueda intimo-mistica en los albores de la premodernidad.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Spanish and Portuguese, 2005, Ohio State University
► This dissertation proposes a new approach to the poetics of the late…
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▼ This dissertation proposes a new approach to the poetics of the late Spanish poet José Ángel Valente (1929-2000), a member of the “Generation of the 50’s”. Its purpose is to evaluate mystical influences as a projection of an ontological state, a necessity of being to explore its own immanence. The historical context is the divide between modernity and postmodernity in a movement toward an ideal notion of premodernity. Valente develops an immanent and transcendent inner voyage which is not just a reaction against the age of mechanical or technological reproduction, but a way of establishing a new epistemological analysis in order to examine more effectively the traditional notion of “reality”. His is an antirationalist thought that seeks to fill in the gaps in the traditional rationalistic and positivistic modes of analysis. Thus, his attitude is the same as the one practiced by mystics of all eras, who have always tried to avoid established ways of thought, whether religious, social or linguistic. All of Valente’s essays, critical works and books of poetry are permeated by mystical intertextualities and by the literary and philosophical commentaries of three mystical traditions which have been deeply rooted in Spain: the Jewish Cabala (Abraham Abulafia, Moses de León, Moses Cordovero…), Muslim Sufism (Ibn ‘Arabī, the Avicena brothers…), and the Christian Catholics (San Juan de la Cruz, Santa Teresa de Jesús, Miguel de Molinos…). These influences, moreover, were profoundly stimulated by the authority of the noted Spanish philosopher María Zambrano, whose ideas about “diafanidad” or “poetic reason” are basic to understanding his poems. Study of these influences on his poetry is essential so as to understand his evolution from an initial desire for poetic communication in history to a search for a new mode of mystical expression and knowledge in what I call “ultrahistory”. Namely, Valente is searching human transcendence in the innermost parts of his own shattered immanence.
Advisors/Committee Members: Summerhill, Stephen J.
Subjects: Literature, Modern
Keywords: Jose Angel Valente, Contemporary Spanish Poetry, Mysticism, Ontology, Intertextuality
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21.
MACHIRAJU, SIRISHA.
SPACE ALLOCATION FOR MATERIALIZED VIEWS AND INDEXES USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS.
Degree: MS, Engineering : Computer Science, 2002, University of Cincinnati
► Organizational decision-making involves accessing and integrating data that resides in various autonomous,…
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▼ Organizational decision-making involves accessing and integrating data that resides in various autonomous, localized databases managed by different parts of the organization. The data warehousing approach extracts data from different sources in advance, integrates it, and stores it at a centralized location to answer queries posed to support decision-making. These sets of data stored at the centralized location are known as materialized views and auxiliary data structures such as indexes can be built on these materialized views to speed up data retrieval. Since the amount of data available in the databases can be much larger than the available storage space in the warehouse, not all source data can be materialized. Materialized views are built on frequently posed queries and any other data is communicated from the sources when required. Identifying the data to be materialized as views and the indexes to be built on these views is a leading research issue in data warehousing. Due to the large search space for this problem, we explore the use of genetic algorithms (GAs) to select materialized views and indexes in a data warehouse. We seek to minimize query response time for a given workload while also considering a limit on the storage area. We employ the technique of multiple query processing (MQP) to build a multiple view processing plan (MVPP) of the frequently posed queries. The MVPPs are used to encode the view and index solution space of the GA. In order to study the performance of our GA, we compare our GA to another simple GA that selects only materialized views and not indexes for a same amount of storage area (VSnoISGA). The input for the algorithms is obtained from a testbed whose schema is the same as that of the industry standard TPC-H benchmark. The query set of our testbed is an extension of the TPC-H-SPJ query set, modified to contain shared data sets among the queries. The inputs for the algorithms are MVPPs built from subsets of queries of the testbed query set. We compare two important metrics to study the performance of our algorithm over VSnoISGA. The first metric is a measure of the computational resources consumed by the algorithms in terms of the CPU time. The second metric compares the quality of solution in terms of the sum of the query processing costs of the queries in the input MVPP. Based on our experimental results, we conclude that the selection of indexes is not worthwhile when the size of most of the indexes and corresponding views is greater than or equal to the available storage area.
Advisors/Committee Members: Davis, Dr. Karen.
Keywords: data warehousing; materialized views; genetic algorithms; index selection; space allocation
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22.
MA, CI Miss.
THE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR BTB AND CNC HOMOLOG 1 IN THE REGULATION OF CELL DIFFERENTIATION AND ORGANOGENESIS.
Degree: MS, Medicine : Toxicology (Environmental Health), 2007, University of Cincinnati
► BACH1 (BTB and CNC homolog 1) is a transcription factor that belongs…
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▼ BACH1 (BTB and CNC homolog 1) is a transcription factor that belongs to the CNC (cap'n'collar)-type bZip (basic region leucine zipper) transcription factor family. A few BACH1 target genes have been identified such as antioxidant enzyme HMOX1 (heme oxygenase 1) and NQO1 (NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1) in redox regulation, as well as beta-globin during erythoid differentiation. Interestingly, BACH1 is rapidly induced during differentiation of mouse 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte cells and overexpression of BACH1 in transgenic mice causes significant thrombocytopenia. Furthermore, a human study showed BACH1 is overexpressed in fetal Down syndrome brain. All these studies suggest BACH1 plays an important role in cell differentiation and organogenesis. In order to test this hypothesis, the present study is directed at setting up a feasible model by stably transfecting mouse Bach1 into human HaCaT keratinocytes. Both real-time PCR and western blotting were applied to verify BACH1 expression level in these stably transfected cell lines.
Advisors/Committee Members: Puga, Dr. Alvaro.
Subjects: Health Sciences, Toxicology
Keywords: BACH1; HMOX1; NQO1; transcription factor; stably-transfection; real-time PCR; western blotting
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23.
Macioce, Damon J.
Performance of instrumented flexible pavement.
Degree: Master of Science (MS), Civil Engineering (Engineering), 1997, Ohio University
Performance of instrumented flexible pavement
Advisors/Committee Members: Sargand, Shad M.
Subjects: Engineering, Civil
Keywords: Falling Weight Deflectometer; Long Term Pavement Performance; Time Domain Reflectometry
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24.
Mackay, Anna Laurie.
Creating Containers for Intimate Space.
Degree: Master of Fine Arts, Art, 2009, Ohio State University
► I create containers for intimate spaces. Through my work, I explore how…
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▼ I create containers for intimate spaces. Through my work, I explore how I inhabit and exist in space. More specifically, I focus my attention on how the house functions as a container, and how we can have an intimate relationship with this space. I make hand made objects, books, quilts and drawings that become metaphors of containment. These objects function to enclose, to hide, to cover, and yet also to be opened, held and handled in a physical way. Through mental mapping, I am exploring the memory of the house. Through this exploration, I am claiming the space around me, becoming familiar with it, and even attached to it. It is through this process that I come to understand how I inhabit space.
Advisors/Committee Members: Soave, Sergio.
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25.
Mackay, Elizabeth Ann.
"Mother Wits and Rhetorics": Representations of Maternal Instruction in Early Modern England.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, English, 2007, Miami University
► My dissertation explores a range of intersections between “mother,” “education,” and “rhetoric”…
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▼ My dissertation explores a range of intersections between “mother,” “education,” and “rhetoric” and argues for new possibilities for thinking about early modern representations of maternity, maternal instruction, and maternal rhetorics. In current critical scholarship, maternity, education, and rhetoric are three distinct fields of study. The study of early maternity identifies “mother” as a vexing identity and/or agency: it is constructed by male-authored texts; experienced by women who gave birth to and cared for their children; and understood either as embodied by women or as a literary trope used by both men and women writers. A field separate from maternity, the history of education is usually studied as a narrative or material history. Such histories define education as a male tradition, which takes place in institutional sites and promotes a classical, intellectual education in Latin and Greek rhetoric. Related to but distinct from the history of education, rhetoric is most often defined as a male tradition, learned, practiced, and privileged in public institutional sites, and thus, necessarily excludes women from taking part in and contributing to a history of rhetoric. To bring together these seemingly disparate fields and to add my own contributions to their conversations, my dissertation attends to early modern maternal instruction, more specifically, the maternal instruction of daughters. My dissertation argues that to study instruction under the rubrics of maternity, education, and rhetoric illustrates the opportunities for maternal instructional agency in the early modern period. By putting pressure on mothers’ instruction of their daughters, my dissertation sheds light on how mothers register their own constructions of maternity, participate in institutional and intellectual education, and engage in a rhetorical tradition, all the while teaching their daughters to persist in such projects. Likewise, I complicate the categories of maternity, education and rhetoric through analyses of maternal instruction as an ideological construct, a mental faculty, an educational practice, and a means for rhetorical action, a concept that can be dislodged from an embodied identity and appropriated and re-appropriated by both biological and non-biological mothers.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gillespie, Katharine.
Keywords: maternity; education; rhetoric; pedagogy; daughters; early modern England
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26.
MacKay, Maria-Danielle L.
Characterization of Medullary and Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Adipocytes.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Biology, 2009, Case Western Reserve University
► Our concept of adipose tissue has evolved a great deal over the…
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▼ Our concept of adipose tissue has evolved a great deal over the past century. Initially thought only to provide insulation and mechanical support, the definition of adipose tissue was later revised to include a role in systemic metabolism. Genetic approaches in recent years have revealed its endocrine function, as well as the inter-depot, molecular-level diversity within what is now known as the adipose organ. Because much of this research was driven by the global spread of obesity, medullary adipose tissue, the ostensibly isolated depot within bone marrow, has received comparatively little attention. It is widely hypothesized and commonly accepted that medullary adipocytes derive from multipotent progenitor cells of the marrow, such as human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs); however, molecular-level tracking of this development is lacking. In order to conduct a comparative study between the two cell populations, methods were adapted both for hMSC adipogenesis and for enrichment of medullary adipocytes from whole marrow aspirate. Using PCR, a high degree of similarity was determined to exist between hMSC-derived adipocytes and medullary adipocytes, as shown through transcription factor upregulation and the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes, adipokines, and other bioactive macromolecules. Furthermore, there was no detection in either population of UCP-1, demonstrating that neither population developed characteristics of, nor a substantial subpopulation of, brown adipocytes. Having supported the hypothesis that medullary adipocytes can derive from hMSCs, this culture system was then used as an in vitro model for the development of mature adipocytes from stem cells. With this tool, we investigated temporal protein expression by monitoring the occurrence and localization of PPARγ and C/EBPα, the major players in transcription, as well as two well-characterized lipid droplet-associated proteins, adipophilin and perilipin. We finally approached the subject of function with an exploration of the expression and secretion of leptin and adiponectin. In this study, we have charted a lineage map of medullary adipocyte development. This map offers a novel perspective on the various morphologic and phenotypic modulations within this lineage and provides for us a means to conduct future experimentation to refine our understanding of medullary adipocyte origin, phenotype, and function.
Advisors/Committee Members: Haynesworth, Stephen.
Subjects: Biology; Cellular biology
Keywords: stem cell; adipocyte; adipose; medullary; marrow; fat; adipogenic lineage; adipogenesis; hMSC; mesenchymal
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28.
Mack, Elizabeth H.
Propofol as a bridge to extubation in the pediatric intensive care unit.
Degree: MS, Medicine : Environmental Health, 2009, University of Cincinnati
► Objective: A significant number of children require long-term sedation and mechanical ventilation,…
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▼ Objective: A significant number of children require long-term sedation and mechanical ventilation, which leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Propofol use decreases time to extubation and extubation failure in adults. However, there are safety concerns with long-term use of propofol, particularly in children. The purpose of this study is to report the safety and efficacy of propofol used as a bridge to extubation in children who have received long-term mechanical ventilation and sedation. Methods: After querying the pharmacy database, charts were reviewed to screen for propofol infusion use in pediatric and cardiac intensive care units at a single large children's hospital. A total of 152 uses of propofol (representing 141 unique patients) were analyzed in this case series. We measured exposure to propofol by total dose, average dose, maximum dose, and duration of propofol use. We assessed safety of propofol use in this limited setting by evaluating the incidence of bradycardia, hypotension, acidosis, and mortality. Efficacy is measured by time to extubation and extubation success. Results: Median time to extubation was 30 minutes and the extubation failure rate was 20%. Bradycardia (42%) and hypotension (28%) are common, but typically self-limited. Inotrope requirement prior to initiation of propofol predicted hypotension and acidosis. There were no cases of propofol infusion syndrome. Conclusions: The short-term use of propofol as a bridge to extubation in pediatric patients after longterm ventilation is a safe and effective strategy if used in carefully selected hemodynamically stable patients.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dietrich, Kim.
Subjects: Health care; Pharmaceuticals; Pharmacology
Keywords: propofol; sedation; pediatric critical care; mechanical ventilation
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30.
MacKenzie, Noah.
The kappa effect in pitch/time context.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Psychology, 2007, Ohio State University
► The kappa effect, an effect of spatial extent on the perception of…
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▼ The kappa effect, an effect of spatial extent on the perception of time, is, relatively speaking, poorly understood, especially in the auditory domain. Five experiments demonstrate the kappa effect in the auditory domain by instructing listeners to judge the timing of a tone (Tone X) in relation to a tone immediately preceding it (Tone A) and immediately following it (Tone B). These three tones, together, are referred to as a kappa cell. Experiments 3, 4, and 5 illustrate how the serial context of kappa judgments can influence the strength of the effect. Experiment 1 served as a control experiment to demonstrate the effectiveness of the independent variables. Experiment 2 replicated Shigeno (1986), perhaps the clearest presentation to date of the auditory kappa effect, yet used pitch (frequency on a logarithmic scale) rather than frequency (on a linear scale) as an independent variable. Experiment 3 added a three-tone serial context to the kappa cell. Experiment 4 added a serial context to the kappa cell that strongly conflicted with its pitch trajectory. Experiment 5 examined kappa cells with larger pitch motion (or change in pitch per unit time). Results are discussed in terms of auditory motion and the assumption of constant velocity.
Advisors/Committee Members: Jones, Mari Riess.
Keywords: kappa effect; pitch; time discrimination
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