1167 matches in the database.
These are records: 1 - 30.
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] … [39]
1.
Wabomba, Mukire John.
Signal and Image Processing Techniques for Environmental and Clinical Applications of Infrared Spectroscopy.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Chemistry (Arts and Sciences), 2002, Ohio University
► The development of automated, real time, and robust measurement techniques is the…
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▼ The development of automated, real time, and robust measurement techniques is the focus of much current research in analytical chemistry. Of the measurement approaches under study, infrared spectroscopy offers the capability to implement a selective, nondestructive analysis of a variety of chemical samples. In an automated analysis, current infrared instrumentation produces volumes of data necessitating the development of data processing techniques to extract useful information. In this dissertation, automated analysis methods for qualitative and quantitative applications of infrared spectroscopy are explored. These methods are directed to environmental remote sensing and clinical applications and focus on both single-point measurements with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) instrumentation and imaging measurements performed with a multispectral line scanner. The developed methodology is directed to isolating the analyte signature from the data for use in a qualitative determination of analyte presence or in a quantitative measurement of analyte amount. A study was conducted to find optimal parameters for generating finite impulse response matrix (FIRM) digital filters for use in isolating analyte signals directly from FT-IR interferogram data. The filter design protocols established in this study are used to generate filters for quantitative and qualitative applications. Filters are designed to extract the glucose signal from a complex simulated biological matrix with severely overlapped spectra. Digital filters are also developed to isolate ammonia signals for use with pattern recognition techniques for the remote detection of ammonia in heated plumes from stack emissions. Analysis techniques are also developed for use with data from an infrared multispectral imaging system, designed to detect chemical plumes from stack emissions. These plumes are viewed from above by installing the imaging system on an aircraft platform. The alpha residual method is used to remove temperature effects from the images and thereby simplify the detection of chemical signatures. Pattern recognition methods are used to develop automated classifiers for detecting ethanol plumes from a controlled release experiment and methanol from an industrial facility.
Advisors/Committee Members: Small, Gary W.
Subjects: Biogeochemistry
Keywords: Chemistry and Biochemistry
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2.
Wabuyele, Lusike C.
Understanding Teachers’ and Administrators Perceptions and Experiences towards Computer Use in Kenyan Classrooms: A Case Study of Two Schools.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Curriculum and Instruction (Education), 2003, Ohio University
► This study investigated and analyzed the teachers’ and administrators’ perceptions and experiences…
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▼ This study investigated and analyzed the teachers’ and administrators’ perceptions and experiences towards computer use in Kenyan classrooms. While technology has penetrated many sectors including banking, transportation, communications, medical services and so on, the Kenyan educational system seems to lag behind. Research indicates that computer use in Kenyan classrooms is still at its infancy stage (Kiboss, 2000). The use of computers in only a small percentage of the nation’s classrooms is attributed to barriers such as heavy duties on imported hardware and software, and shortage of qualified personnel (Odhiambo, 1991; Hawkridge, 1990). In spite of computer proliferation, the mere presence of technology in schools or classrooms is not a guarantee that it will be used effectively. Therefore, this study is important because teachers and administrators play a significant role in determining how technology is integrated into the curriculum. According to Woodrow (1991), the success of any educational innovation on computer technology depends upon the support, attitudes and perceptions of the teachers and administrators involved. Therefore, understanding their perceptions and experiences will be useful in designing teacher preparation and staff development programs. Data were collected from 27 people including computer-using teachers, non-computer-using teachers, and school and Ministry of Education administrators. Results from the in-depth interviews, participant observation and document analysis revealed a great deal about how teachers and administrators view computer use in Kenyan schools. The primary findings of the study were: 1) both teachers and administrators viewed the use computers in Kenyan classrooms as a worthwhile experience and computers were basically used to teach computer science and computer literacy, 2) barriers that hindered the effective use of computers included shortage of hardware and software, limited time, shortage of power, and lack of quality training for teachers and administrators, 3) computer-using teachers and administrators were enthusiastic and spoke positively about computer use, whereas the non computer-users felt left behind technologically, 4) teachers and administrators reported feeling unprepared by the teacher training colleges to use computers in the classrooms, 5) teachers and administrators expressed the need to provide both practicing and pre-service teachers with professional development opportunities in technology. All in all, the study suggests that teachers’ and administrators’ perceptions and experiences play a significant role in the use of computers in Kenyan classrooms and hence the need to provide preservice and inservice training programs to enable them successfully teach using computers in the classrooms. The findings of this study suggest the need for the Kenyan government and MOE to review not only teacher preparation and staff development programs but also, to develop a revised national plan to implement ICT in schools nationwide over time.
Advisors/Committee Members: Turner, Sandra.
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3.
Wachholtz, Amy Beth.
DOES SPIRITUALITY MATTER? EFFECTS OF MEDITATIVE CONTENT AND ORIENTATION ON MIGRAINEURS.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), Psychology/Clinical, 2006, Bowling Green State University
► Migraine headaches are associated with high depressive and anxiety symptoms (Waldie and…
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▼ Migraine headaches are associated with high depressive and anxiety symptoms (Waldie and Poulton, 2002) as well as low feelings of self-efficacy, which can negatively impact pain tolerance and positive active coping (French, et al., 2000). Previous research suggests that religion can have a positive effect on physical and mental health (Koenig, McCullough, and Larson, 2001, for a review), and specifically, spiritual meditation may ameliorate some of these negative traits associated with migraine headaches (Wachholtz and Pargament, 2005). Spiritual meditation is one method that may help migraineurs to increase their spiritual experiences, reduce depression and anxiety, and improve their self-efficacy to improve both their quality of life. This study examined two primary questions: 1) Do different meditation types create different outcomes among migraineurs? and, 2) How does meditation orientation affect mental, physical, and spiritual health outcomes among migraineurs?Eighty-three meditation naïve, frequent migraineurs were gathered from the Bowling Green State University undergraduate community. Participants were taught Spiritual Meditation, Internally Focused Secular Meditation, Externally Focused Meditation, or Relaxation techniques. Participants independently practiced their techniques for twenty minutes a day for one month. Pre-post tests measured pain tolerance (with a cold pressor task), and headache frequency, as well as a number of mental, and spiritual health variables. Results indicated that over the course of the intervention in comparison to the other three groups, those who practiced spiritual meditation had greater decreases in the frequency of migraine headaches, anxiety, and depression, as well as greater increases in pain tolerance, headache-related self-efficacy, daily spiritual experiences, and existential well being. By providing participants with a simple method to access their spiritual resources, spiritual meditation may offer migraineurs a means to improve their spiritual, emotional, and physical health.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pargament, Kenneth I.
Subjects: Psychology, Clinical
Keywords: Migraine; Headache; Pain; Meditation; Religion; Spirituality; Intervention
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4.
Wachtel, Joseph Robert.
"VERY ADVANTAGEOUS BEGINNINGS": JESUIT CONVERSION, SECULAR INTERESTS, AND THE LEGACY OF PORT ROYAL, 1608-1620 "Very Advantageous Beginnings": Jesuit Conversion, Secular Interests, and the Legacy of Port Royal, 1608-1620.
Degree: Master of Arts, History, 2008, Miami University
► This thesis examines the evolution of Father Pierre Biard's Jesuit missionary ideals…
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▼ This thesis examines the evolution of Father Pierre Biard's Jesuit missionary ideals and the legacy of his experience. Biard's encounter with native people demonstrated that the Jesuits had to adequately catechize the Indians before baptism. This required them to understand the Indians, their customs, and their languages. His desire to engage with Indians marked a break in traditional patterns of interpretation, despite the conventional discursive understanding Biard brought with him from France. Furthermore, his tense relationship with secular interests at Port Royal degenerated into a war of accusations about Biard's involvement in the 1613 destruction of the colony. In defending himself from these allegations, Biard publically verbalized his clear recommendations for how future Jesuits should run their missions. Both his interactions with Indians and his relationship with traders helped him define a unique missionary strategy that left a lasting legacy for future Jesuit missionaries.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pestana, Carla.
Subjects: History
Keywords: New France; Acadia; Jesuit; Missionary; Biard, Pierre; Lescarbot, Marc
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5.
Wachter, David.
Thinking at a Threshold. Nietzsche and Benjamin on Experience and Art In Modernity.
Degree: MA, Arts and Sciences : Germanic Languages and Literature, 2002, University of Cincinnati
► This thesis attempts to compare major thoughts by Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) and…
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▼ This thesis attempts to compare major thoughts by Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) and Walter Benjamin (1892-1940). Although seldom put in relation to each other, their theories on experience and art in modernity bear striking similarities. Beyond a mere study of how Nietzsche may have influenced Benjamin, this thesis seeks to show that both thinkers employ comparable styles and strategies of argumentation. This common approach consists in the juxtaposition of an organological discourse that views modernity as cultural decomposition with an aesthetic emphasis that reshapes the respective attitude towards modernity. By this movement of establishing and at the same time questioning a discourse on modernity, both Nietzsche and Benjamin situate their own thinking at a moment of transition, a threshold that lives from the continuous contact to opposed perspectives. A first part concentrates on Nietzsche's theory of decadence. It is shown that Nietzsche's borrowings from the 19th century physiological discourse provides him with a powerful tool to criticize decadence as corporeal decay and to suggest a remedy in the reestablishment of a "healthy organism". Yet this perspective is opposed by an aesthetic one in which the dissolution of the "whole" is seen as an emancipatory movement that renders the "nuance" available for art. By this surprising turn, Nietzsche situates decadence at the core of his own thinking. A second part focuses on Benjamin's views on art and experience in modernity. While his essay on Der Erzähler criticizes the modern dissolution of experience and narration, his famous Das Kunstwerk sees the becoming independent of parts as a form of emancipation from tradition's totalizing grip. In contrast to these seemingly irreconcilable views, Benjamin's work Über einige Motive bei Baudelaire takes the moment of tension seriously and establishes an aesthetic of the threshold: the French poet's value lies in his combination of both spleen and idéal , of separating forces and uniting tendencies. The present thesis thus shows that the location in between discourses is being developed into a threshold thinking that constitutes a common feature of both Nietzsche's and Benjamin's theories of modernity.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mladek, Dr. Klaus.
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6.
Wacker, Therese M.
The Piccolo in the Chamber Music of the Twentieth Century: an Annotated Bibliography of Selected Works.
Degree: Doctor of Musical Arts, Music, 2000, Ohio State University
► The popularity of the piccolo has continued to grow throughout the twentieth…
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▼ The popularity of the piccolo has continued to grow throughout the twentieth century, with much solo and chamber music being written specifically for this instrument. However, the cataloguing of works specifically for the piccolo has not kept up with its emerging importance. Although there are various lists of repertoire available, most deal more specifically with the flute literature, and if the piccolo is included, it is secondary and the list is incomplete. This is especially true of the use of the piccolo in chamber repertoire. While efforts are being made to target the solo literature available for the piccolo, the topic of the chamber music of the twentieth century has not been approached or undertaken. With more flutists taking an artistic interest in the piccolo and the literature available for this instrument, it seems reasonable that a list of chamber works specific to this instrument is needed.This annotated bibliography is an attempt to catalogue the chamber music of the twentieth century that contains piccolo. The parameters applied are as follows: the work will be able to be performed by up to nine players; annotation will cover works in which the piccolo is used on a separate part (i.e. works which contain flute/piccolo parts will not be annotated but will be listed in a separate section); remaining works for which a score was readily available; works that contain flutes only (i.e. flute choir, flute quartets, etc.) will not be included.Preceding the annotated section is a short history of the development of the piccolo and its use as an ensemble instrument. Because of the lack of historical information available for the eighteenth century there is a discrepancy as to what instrument was used in certain literature. This paper is not meant to settle these differences, but to show how the piccolo is one instrument which may be used in these works.
Advisors/Committee Members: Borst Jones, Katherine.
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7.
WACLAW, RONALD RAYMOND.
MOLECULAR CONTROL OF NEURONAL DIVERSITY IN LATERAL GANGLIONIC EMINENCE PROGENITORS OF THE EMBRYONIC MOUSE TELENCEPHALON.
Degree: PhD, Medicine : Molecular and Developmental Biology, 2005, University of Cincinnati
► The embryonic telencephalon gives rise to a complex organization of neuronal nuclei…
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▼ The embryonic telencephalon gives rise to a complex organization of neuronal nuclei that control cognition and voluntary movement. The lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE), a sub-region of the ventral telencephalon, is a known source of two distinct cell populations, striatal projection neurons and olfactory bulb interneurons. The current studies were aimed at elucidating the molecular pathways involved in the generation of these neuronal cell types. The homeobox gene, Gsh2 is required for the generation of striatal projection neurons and olfactory bulb interneurons. Initially, characterization experiments were undertaken to dissect additional roles for Gsh2 in the developing LGE. The requirement of Gsh2 for retinoid production in the LGE indicates for the first time that Gsh2 may have a role independent of repressing dorsal telencephalic gene expression in the ventral telencephalon. Moreover, the reduced retinoids in the Gsh2 mutant were shown to contribute to the striatal differentiation defects. Gsh2 mutants also exhibit defects in the generation of olfactory bulb interneurons. It has recently been suggested that these cells derive from a distinct progenitor domain in the dorsal LGE (dLGE), which requires Gsh2 for its normal formation (Stenman et al., 2003a). A novel requirement of Gsh2 shown here for the expression of the zinc-finger transcription factor Sp8 in the dLGE provides further support for this notion. In addition, further analysis of embryonic and postnatal Sp8 expression and the loss of Sp8 in the dLGE (Sp8 conditional mutant) suggests the existence of neuronal diversity in the dLGE, in the postnatal progenitor regions for olfactory bulb interneurons (the rostral migratory stream and the subventricular zone), and in differentiated olfactory bulb interneurons. Taken together these studies describe novel requirements for Gsh2 during LGE development and identify a novel genetic pathway that contributes to neuronal diversity of olfactory bulb interneurons. Finally, the generation of a conditional mutant allele of Gsh2 and strategy for a telencephalon specific mutant provides for the first time a genetic tool to address both spatial and temporal (e.g. postnatal) roles for this gene.
Advisors/Committee Members: Campbell, Dr. Kenneth.
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8.
Wadatkar, Ajit.
Process Selection for Hole Operations Using a Rule Based Approach.
Degree: Master of Science (MS), Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering (Engineering), 2004, Ohio University
► This thesis deals with developing an architecture for rule based machining process…
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▼ This thesis deals with developing an architecture for rule based machining process selection for hole operations. The system developed in this thesis is a rule based intelligent process planning system which selects the necessary manufacturing processes for hole making operations for metal mechanical parts. This system consists of two modules: process selection module for hole making and user interface module. Process selection module performs rule base selection of alternative processes for manufacturing holes. User interface module provides user interaction and functional prototype monitoring for process selection. It includes functionalities that are necessary for the user to navigate the system. The research work can be applied to any feature and a process plan can be generated to satisfy the feature requirements.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sormaz, Dusan.
Subjects: Engineering, Industrial
Keywords: Process Selection; Automated Process Planning; Role Based System
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9.
Wade, Amy M.
Faculty and the engaged institution: Toward understanding motivators and deterrents for fostering engagement.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, ED Policy and Leadership, 2008, Ohio State University
► The purpose of this dissertation is to present a holistic approach to…
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▼ The purpose of this dissertation is to present a holistic approach to understanding the activities that constitute faculty engagement. After setting an historical context for the public service roles of higher education and the faculty, the author defines specific activities involving service-learning, community-based research and certain forms of professional and public service as the package of engaged faculty work. The main research questions of the study involve investigating the ways faculty participate in engagement-related activity and the frequency; exploring the variables which help explain engagement behavior; and, understanding how faculty perceive and experience engagement. The Survey of Faculty Engagement (SFE) was developed for the purposes of this study and was piloted at a large Midwestern land-grant institution. The survey was based on the author’s development of a conceptual model to understand engagement, the Faculty Engagement Model (FEM). Another main research question of the study was whether the SFE instrument confirmed dynamics hypothesized based on previous literature. Quantitative methodology was employed to address these research questions. Overall, findings indicate that faculty at the pilot site participate in engagement activity but choose to pursue the forms of engagement that are the least time intensive, namely public service and outreach and engagement-oriented professional service. Additionally, while many of the variables that have been investigated in previous literature were significant in explaining engagement behavior, others, such as motivation, values, gender and race/ethnicity, were not. It is postulated the some of the differences in expected versus actual outcomes are attributable to the fact that the pilot study took place at a RU/VH (very high research activity) institution and previous literature does not focus exclusively on faculty engagement behavior within this institutional type. The FEM proved to be a good starting place for explaining engagement behavior, yet more research needs to be done to continue testing and refining the model.
Advisors/Committee Members: Demb, Ada.
Subjects: Education
Keywords: faculty engagement; service learning; community-based research; public good; higher education
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10.
Wade, Charles H.
ETHNIC DIVISIONS IN A GLOBALIZING LATIN AMERICAN CITY: A CASE STUDY OF THE PERUVIAN COMMUNITY OF SANTIAGO DE CHILE.
Degree: Master of Arts, Geography, 2003, Miami University
► Beginning in the early 1990s, there has been a dramatic increase of…
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▼ Beginning in the early 1990s, there has been a dramatic increase of Latin American migrants, especially Peruvians, into Chile. This substantial increase has generated negative responses from some Chileans, which are particularly apparent in Chilean print media. Through ethnographic research and interviews with Peruvians in Santiago, this thesis examines some elements of an emerging and prominent Peruvian community in Santiago. Empirical fieldwork suggests that Peruvians in Santiago are a marginalized group in some respects but less so in others. Despite some ethnic tensions, however, Santiago is confronted with an inevitable growth in its ethnic and urban diversity as a globalizing Latin American city.
Advisors/Committee Members: Klak, Thomas C.
Subjects: Geography
Keywords: Chile; Latin America; Southern Cone; International migration; Ethnic communities
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11.
Wade, Mark Alan.
An Annotated Bibliography of Current Research in the Field of the Medical Problems of Trumpet Playing.
Degree: Doctor of Musical Arts, Music, 2008, Ohio State University
► The life-hours of diligent practice and performance that make a performer capable…
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▼ The life-hours of diligent practice and performance that make a performer capable of musical expression on the trumpet also can cause a host of overuse and repetitive stress ailments. Other medical problems can arise through no fault of the performer or lack of technique, such as the brain disease Task-Specific Focal Dystonia. Ailments like these fall into several large categories and have been individually researched by medical professionals. Articles concerning this narrow field of research are typically published in their respective medical journals, such as the Journal of Applied Physiology. Articles whose research is pertinent to trumpet or horn, the most similar brass instruments with regard to pitch range, resistance and the intrathoracic pressures generated, are often then presented in the instruments' respective journals, ITG Journal and The Horn Call. Most articles about the medical problems affecting trumpet players are not published in scholarly music journals such as these, rather, are found in health science publications. Herein lies the problem for both musician and doctor; the wealth of new information is not effectively available for dissemination across fields. The purpose of this exhaustive literature search was to produce a single document that collects and annotates current and pertinent research in the field of medical problems of the trumpet player and make it available for the trumpet playing community, music educators, conductors and physicians. The bibliography is divided into sections by topic and entries include a bibliography and abstract. Whenever possible, the abstracts by the original authors are used, as they are the experts on their own research.
Advisors/Committee Members: Leasure, Timothy.
Subjects: Music
Keywords: trumpet; medical; problems; injuries; music; occupational; hearing; overuse; syndrome
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12.
Wade, Martha Leslie.
Behavioral assimilation and nested social categories: exploring gender stereotype priming and stereotype threat.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Psychology, 2007, Ohio State University
► The present research examines the influence of level of social categorization on…
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▼ The present research examines the influence of level of social categorization on behavioral assimilation to gender stereotypes. Specifically, this research examines both superordinate gender categories (men, women) and prototypical gender subgroups (businessmen, homemakers) to determine whether the level of categorization differentially affects behavioral assimilation. This research also examines whether stereotype threat or category stereotype priming best explains the influence of gender group primes at the two levels. Study 1 primed participants with superordinate gender categories or prototypical gender subgroups to determine the effect of these primes upon performance on a gender-stereotyped task. Results showed that the performance of male participants was influenced by subgroup primes such that performance was lowered when the participants had been primed to think about “homemakers” as a social category, compared with other gender primes. No priming effects were detected for superordinate gender primes or for female participants. Study 2 examined the relationship between the relevant stereotype and the task by framing the same task either as one on which males or females are stereotypically expected to succeed. Again, male participants were influenced by the gender subgroup primes, with the direction of priming effects on performance depending on which gender stereotype was activated. As in Study 1, no assimilation effects were observed for female participants. Study 3 focused on female performance, replicating the priming conditions from Study 1, while explicitly making primes more self-involving . For female participants, the only demonstration of priming effects occurred in this third study, when the essay primes were made explicitly self-involving by invoking an interaction context. Category stereotype priming, not stereotype threat, better explains the pattern of results observed across these three studies, although stereotype threat cannot be conclusively ruled out. Finally, implications of this research and questions for future research are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Brewer, Marilynn B.
Subjects: Psychology, Social
Keywords: Subgroups, Stereotypes, Behavioral Assimilation
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13.
WADIH, HAYFAA Esper.
IDENTIFYING AND ASSESSING TOURISM IMPACT FACTORS ON LOCALITIES AND THEIR NATIONS: WITH ILLUSTRATIONS FROM SANTORINI.
Degree: MCP, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Community Planning, 2005, University of Cincinnati
► Inspired by the island of Santorini in Greece, the purpose of this…
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▼ Inspired by the island of Santorini in Greece, the purpose of this thesis is to identify the range of positive and negative impacts that tourism has on a host place. This thesis will use the range of impacts to create a framework through which a systematic assessment can be made. This is important, as tourism is the fastest growing industry in the world, and provides employment and foreign currency to the host place as well as contributing to its country’s gross domestic product, or GDP. However, tourism often has negative impacts as well, but these are often overlooked in favor of the economic benefits. This study identifies major factors of tourism impacts on host places, based on a review of the literature, illustrates them based on a study of the island of Santorini in Greece, and creates a framework to assess these impacts. The study extracts factors from three main areas: economic, socio-cultural and environmental. It then organizes these factors into a framework to assess systematically the impact of tourism in order to understand the magnitude impact of tourism on the island. The study, in a “snapshot”, draws attention to the magnitude of tourism impact in a comprehensive way. It will, hopefully, also help planners and administrators elsewhere to determine what can be done to capitalize on the positive impacts of tourism and mitigate its negative impacts.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chifos, Carla.
Subjects: Urban and Regional Planning
Keywords: Tourism Impact; Economic Impact; Socio-Cultural Impact; Environmental Impact; Santorini; Framework Assessment
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14.
Wadsworth, Matt.
Videogaming Principles and the Workplace.
Degree: Master of Education (MEd), Curriculum and Teaching/Master Teaching, 2008, Bowling Green State University
► The problem of this study was to determine the usage of the…
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▼ The problem of this study was to determine the usage of the theories contained within Gee’s (2003) 36 Learning Principles in current workplace training. To that end, an online survey was administered to workplace-training professionals. The survey was comprised of 21 Likert scale statements gauging the usage of those principles. A survey-making software package was then used to convert all collected raw data into utilizable percentages. Those reported percentages were grouped based on predefined, categorical groupings within the survey-instrument. After the survey had been performed and data analyzed, the results for all three groups indicated a high usage of Gee’s (2003) 36 Learning Principles. Certain similarities and differences were also noticed overall as well as when the groups were compared on an individual Likert-scale-statement basis. Within that comparison, certain training methods were found to be used more often than others. Similarly, certain methods were given a higher priority than others. Among the more frequently used methods by the trainers were allowing the learner to be actively involved in the learning process, to foster intrinsic value for the learning process, allowing the learner to understand the content, to give the learner information at relevant times and in appropriate amounts. Among the lesser prioritized methods used by the trainers were allowing the learner to perform self-refection and evaluation, practice newly-acquired skills multiple times, until mastery level is achieved, problem-solve while using various resources, and developing and mastering consecutive skills.
Advisors/Committee Members: Herman, Terry.
Subjects: Education, Adult and Continuing
Keywords: videogames; training; adult
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15.
Wagener, Thomas Dane.
Visual Effects and the Test of Time.
Degree: Bachelor of Science of Media Arts and Studies (BSC), Media Arts and Studies, 2009, Ohio University Honors Tutorial College
► This thesis discusses why certain visual effects films stand the test of…
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▼ This thesis discusses why certain visual effects films stand the test of time, while others do not. Some films' effects become outdated very quickly, even within a year, regardless of how critically and popularly acclaimed they were upon their release. Yet others, like Jurassic Park, remain effective over a decade later. I analyzed 10 films, covering both "good" and "bad" effects films, as well as a wide variety of different types of effects films : Jurassic Park, Forrest Gump, The Day After Tomorrow, Transformers, The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King, The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, Brokeback Mountain, The Bucket List, Children of Men, and War of the Worlds. Through my analysis, I discuss the importance of matchmoving, compositing, controlled scale of effects, as well as the role of cinematography in visual effects, and most importantly, the critical role of story. The thesis also includes a short history of special and visual effects, including the all-important Digital Revolution of effects films.
Advisors/Committee Members: Novak, Beth.
Subjects: Communication; Fine Arts
Keywords: Visual effects; special effects; effects; compositing; matchmoving; rotoscoping; CG; CGI; animation; matte painting; Jurassic Park; Narnia; Lord of the Rings; Brokeback Mountain; Transformers; Forrest Gump; Children of Men; cinematography
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16.
Wagge, Jordan Rose.
ASSESSMENT OF MECHANISMS OF VISUAL INTEGRATION IN CENTER/SURROUND STIMULI USING AN UNCERTAINTY PARADIGM.
Degree: Master of Arts, Psychology, 2006, Miami University
► This experiment was used to examine the process of visual integration using…
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▼ This experiment was used to examine the process of visual integration using an uncertainty paradigm. Interpretations of results from this paradigm are used to determine how many sources of noise are present during a task. In the present study, observers’ abilities to make judgments on a stimulus consisting of a sine wave grating surrounded by a similarly patterned annulus were examined. Data from these tasks were used to assess the contributions of either lateral inhibitory interaction or higher-level mechanisms that combine information over space. Results from the experiment were highly variable both within and between observers, and as such were inconclusive regarding the possible contributions of these mechanisms. Significant asymmetries were found in the data, which may be explained by varying cue salience or decision strategies.
Advisors/Committee Members: Olzak, Lynn A.
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17.
Wagge, Jordan Rose.
Contributions of response gain and contrast gain to human spatial pattern masking.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Psychology, 2009, Miami University
► Stimuli that are placed outside of the classic receptive field of a…
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▼ Stimuli that are placed outside of the classic receptive field of a visual cortical cell can modify that cell’s response to stimuli within the field, as part of the cell’s modulatory receptive field. In addition, masks that are superimposed on a target can modify response to the target, even when the mask and stimuli are separated widely enough in spatial characteristics (orientation and spatial frequency) to stimulate separate channels. The nature of these cross-channel interactions has been modeled in a variety of ways. Here we explored an alternative method of investigating cross-channel interactions that may lead to simpler models. Specifically, we measured a change in response as a function of increasing contrast of the stimulus when a mask is added, either surrounding or superimposed on the stimulus. The results of the experiment indicate that the model we apply is useful in explaining performance across a wide variety of contexts. While some of the data agrees with the physiological literature and some does not, the contributions of two parameters (response gain and contrast gain) can be adjusted in each condition to account for behavioral response data.
Advisors/Committee Members: Olzak, Lynn A.
Subjects: Behaviorial sciences
Keywords: Contrast sensitivity; response gain; contrast gain; discrimination; masking; orientation; spatial frequency
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19.
Waggoner, Douglas Scott.
Multicolor Underwater Imaging Techniques.
Degree: Master of Science, Electrical Engineering, 2007, University of Akron
► Studies were conducted on multispectral polarimetric subtraction imaging techniques for underwater imaging…
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▼ Studies were conducted on multispectral polarimetric subtraction imaging techniques for underwater imaging that use a broadband light source. The main objective of this study was to explore the potential of multispectral polarimetric image subtraction on underwater targets, under different experimental scenarios. More specifically, different dyes and colored targets were employed in order to explore multispectral polarimetric subtraction imaging techniques in various simulated environments using different targets. The application of the polarimetric principles in combination with multispectral image subtraction, for enhanced submersible target detection, highlighted the novelty of this study. The outcome of this study indicated that multispectral polarimetric image subtraction enhanced underwater target detection. The scatter reduction of the light had a direct impact on the overall noise in the system and thus enhanced images which improved the signal to noise ratio.
Advisors/Committee Members: Giakos, George.
Keywords: Underwater; Imaging; Image Subtraction; Image Normalization; Polarimetric Subtraction; Polarization
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20.
WAGH, VIJAY HEMANT.
VAPOR PHASE SILANATION OF PLASMA-POLYMERIZED SILICA-LIKE FILMS BY 3-AMINOPROPYLTRIETHOXYSILANE.
Degree: MS, Engineering : Materials Science, 2005, University of Cincinnati
► Silica-like films were deposited onto aluminum substrates by plasma polymerization of hexamethyldisiloxane…
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▼ Silica-like films were deposited onto aluminum substrates by plasma polymerization of hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) in the presence of oxygen using a capacitively-coupled RF-powered plasma reactor.Two types of films, referred to as low-hydroxyl and high-hydroxyl, were obtained by varying parameters such as the power and the flow rates of oxygen and HMDSO. 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (3-APS) was adsorbed onto the silica-like films from the vapor phase at a substrate temperature of 100 deg C. Results obtained from reflection-absorption infrared (RAIR) spectroscopy showed the presence of a band near 1100 cm-1. This band was not present in the spectra of neat silica-like films and was assigned to a vibrational mode characteristic of Si-O-Si bonds formed between the primer films and the chemisorbed silane. Results obtained from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that some of the nitrogen atoms in the adsorbed 3-APS films were protonated, probably by strong hydrogen bonding with silanol groups on the surface of the silica-like films. However, most of the amino groups were not protonated, indicating that adsorption in that case involved condensation of ethoxy groups with surface silanol groups. The reactivity of silanated silica-like films with a typical epoxy compound was investigated. Upon reaction with epoxy, increments in the intensity of the C(1s) peak in the survey spectra and the peak attributed to C-O bonds in the high-resolution C(1s) curve fit were observed, meaning that some of the epoxy reacted with silica-like films that were silanated with (3-APS) in the vapor phase. Lap joints were prepared using a 2-part epoxy adhesive and aluminum substrates that were primed with silica-like films. Joints prepared from substrates that were primed with low-hydroxyl films had an average strength of about 23.4 MPa while those prepared from substrates primed with high-hydroxyl films had an average strength of about 14.3 MPa. Vapor phase silanation of the primer films did not have a significant effect on the initial strength of the joints. However, it did have an effect on the locus of failure as determined by XPS. When no silane was used, joints prepared using substrates primed with the low-hydroxyl films failed near the adhesive/primer interface. Joints prepared using substrates primed with the low hydroxyl films and coated with 3-APS failed cohesively, within the adhesive. Lap joints prepared from aluminum substrates primed with neat low-hydroxyl and high-hydroxyl silica-like films using the 2-part adhesive failed the durability test. Joints prepared from aluminum substrates that were primed with low-hydroxyl silica-like films and silanated with 3-APS passed the durability test; although the residual strength of such joints was a fraction of the initial strength. Analysis of failure surfaces of lap joints prepared from aluminum substrates primed with low-hydroxyl silica-like films that were silanated by 3-APS revealed that the mode of failure changed from mostly cohesive within the adhesive before the durability test, to mostly interfacial between the silica-like film and the 2-part adhesive after the durability test.
Advisors/Committee Members: Boerio, Dr. James.
Subjects: Engineering, Materials Science
Keywords: plasma, aminosilane, epoxy, lap joints, vapor phase
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21.
WAGNER, ALLISON M.
CHANGES IN KNOWLEDGE, SELF-EFFICACY AND DIET AMONG ADOLESCENTS WITH HYPERTENSION IN RESPONSE TO A DASH DIET INTERVENTION UTILIZING THE SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY.
Degree: MS, Allied Health Sciences : Nutrition, 2005, University of Cincinnati
► Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition intervention based on the…
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▼ Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition intervention based on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) emphasizing fruits, vegetables, and low fat dairy products, and low fat, low sodium foods (DASH) on changing dietary knowledge, self-efficacy and intake in adolescents with hypertension. Methods. 46 adolescents with hypertension were randomly assigned to the DASH intervention (n=23) or a one time meeting with a dietician (usual care, n=23). Diet, knowledge, and self-efficacy were assessed before and after the 3 month treatment. Results. After the intervention, diet-related knowledge was greater in the DASH group versus the usual care group, and there was a trend for a greater gain in self-efficacy in the DASH group. Also, the DASH participants had a greater increase in fruits, vegetables and low-fat diary products, and a greater reduction in high fat, high sodium foods as compared to the usual care group. Conclusion. A nutrition intervention emphasizing fruits, vegetables and low-fat diary products and based on the theoretical concepts of the SCT resulted in improvements in diet quality, knowledge, and self-efficacy in adolescents with hypertension.
Advisors/Committee Members: Couch, Sarah.
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22.
WAGNER, ANDREW STEVEN.
INACTIVATION OF STACHBOTRYS CHARTARUM AND BACILLUS SUBTILIS ENDOSPORES CONTAMINATING BUILDING MATERIAL USING AEROSOLIZED DISINFECTANT AGENTS.
Degree: MS, Engineering : Environmental Science, 2003, University of Cincinnati
► This study was performed to determine the efficiency of aerosolized chemical treatments…
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▼ This study was performed to determine the efficiency of aerosolized chemical treatments to inactivate fungal and bacterial organisms contaminating the surface of gypsum board materials. The commercially available treatments were administered in the form of aqueous solutions using a Collison Nebulizer directed into a sterile growth chamber housing inoculated gypsum board. Surface swab samples were collected before and after chemical exposures to determine the effects of the treatments. The 0.05% chlorine dioxide and 0.6% sodium hypochlorite treatments after eight hours successfully inactivated the Stachybotrys chartarum. The 0.6% sodium hypochlorite solution was successful in reducing the total concentration of Bacillus subtilis endospores after twelve hours of exposure by 98%; complete disinfection of the endospores was not achieved for the exposure times used.
Advisors/Committee Members: Scarpino, Dr. Pasquale V.
Subjects: Environmental Sciences
Keywords: Stachybotrys chartarum; Bacillus subtilis; endospores; disinfection; chlorine dioxide
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23.
Wagner, Cherie Ann.
AN ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION INTERNSHIP AT AULLWOOD AUDUBON CENTER AND FARM IN DAYTON, OHIO.
Degree: Master of Environmental Science, Environmental Sciences, 2003, Miami University
► I describe the experience of a seven month internship at Aullwood Audubon…
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▼ I describe the experience of a seven month internship at Aullwood Audubon Center and Farm. Aullwood is located in Southwest Ohio outside the city of Dayton. It was established in 1957 when Marie S. Aull gave the land to the National Audubon Society to open a nature center for people to enjoy the beauty of the land. The 120 acre farm was added in 1962 and is a working organic farm. My internship focused on teaching natural history and organic/sustainable agriculture programs to school groups. I was also involved in teaching education programs for adults, teaching Summer Earth Adventures classes, leading the Girl Scout overnight program, planning the Educational Farm Symposium, presenting a volunteer workshop, developing two education activities, caring for farm animals, visiting other nature centers, and assisting with special events. The internship was a professionally enriching experience and has strengthened my abilities for a career in environmental education.
Advisors/Committee Members: Stevens, Charles John.
Keywords: Environmental Education; Nature Center; Natural History; Organic Farming
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24.
Wagner, Cory J.
OUTREACH COORDINATOR FOR THE UNREGULATED CONTAMINANT MONITORING REGULATION: AN INTERNSHIP WITH THE UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY.
Degree: Master of Environmental Science, Environmental Sciences, 2003, Miami University
► This document summarizes the author’s internship experience working on the Unregulated Contaminant…
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▼ This document summarizes the author’s internship experience working on the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation (UCMR) for the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation was designed, as part of the Safe Drinking Water Act, to collect occurrence data of unregulated contaminants of interest in drinking water. All information collected will be used to support the creation of new drinking water regulations. The author’s internship with EPA focused on the public outreach side of the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation. The author edited the quarterly newsletter The UCMR Update, which provided information to stakeholders concerning events within the UCMR. The author also served as the coordinator for the large system Aeromonas data and as a tester for the Safe Drinking Water Accession and Review Database (SDWARS) that was used to store UCMR information. Finally, the author also performed laboratory validation work for Standard Method 5910B and proposed EPA Method 415.3.
Advisors/Committee Members: Willeke, Gene E.
Keywords: Environmental Protection Agency; Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation; Safe Drinking Water Act
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25.
Wagner, Erin A.
The Effects of Differing Levels of Protein Consumption on Renal Function in Young Compared to Older Adults.
Degree: MS, Allied Health Sciences : Nutrition, 2006, University of Cincinnati
► Objective: To study the differences in older compared to younger adults in…
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▼ Objective: To study the differences in older compared to younger adults in the short-term effects of a high-protein diet on kidney function and systemic acid base homeostasis. Design: A two-period crossover trial in which a two-week ‘washout’ period (usual diet) was inserted before each one-week ‘experimental diet’ period (either low-or high-protein diet). Subjects/Setting: Healthy, weight-stable men and women either between the ages of 25 and 40 (younger group, N=12) or between the ages of 55 and 70 (older group, N=10), recruited by advertisement from the greater Cincinnati, Ohio area. Intervention: During the two-week ‘washout’ periods subjects ate their usual self-selected diets and kept a food log. During the two one-week ‘experimental diet’ periods subjects consumed meals prepared by the metabolic kitchen, to provide either 0.5 g protein/kg body weight (low-protein) or 2.0 g protein/kg body weight (high-protein). 24-hour urine and fasting blood samples were collected before and after each experimental diet, for a total of four times per person. Main Outcome Measures: Biochemical markers of renal function and acid base balance. In blood: blood urea nitrogen, total carbon dioxide, creatinine, estimated GFR, and serum electrolytes. In urine: creatinine, ammonium, calcium, phosphorous, and electrolyte clearance, pH, and osmolality. Statistical Analyses Performed: Outcomes were evaluated by analysis of variance to assess differences between age groups with respect to experimental diet for selected dietary, blood, and urine parameters. Results: A larger number of older subjects, mainly women, showed an increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) after the HP compared to LP diet. None of the subjects developed a clinically detectable acidosis after the week of HP diet. Urinary pH was significantly lower, and ammonium excretion and urine osmolality were significantly higher after the HP compared to the LP diet in both age groups. Ammonium excretion increased two-fold after the HP compared to LP diet in both age groups. Conclusions: One week of a high-protein diet alters kidney function differently in older compared to younger people in terms of estimated GFR, and a HP diet disproportionately increases GFR in older, female subjects. Short-term consumption of a HP diet compared to a LP diet affects acid-base balance to a similar degree in both older and younger adults. Applications: Short-term exposure to HP diet is likely safe for older individuals. Short term HP diet does not adversely affect kidney function or acid-base balance in the elderly. However, kidney function should be closely monitored in prolonged intake, particularly in older, female subjects with low baseline GFR.
Advisors/Committee Members: Falciglia, Dr. Grace A.
Subjects: Health Sciences, Nutrition
Keywords: high-protein diet and renal function; high-protein diet and aging
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26.
Wagner, Krista Ann.
Farbs, Stickjocks, and Costume Nazis: A Study of the Living History Subculture in Modern America.
Degree: Master of Arts in American Studies, American Studies Program, 2007, Youngstown State University
► The focus of this thesis is to allow the reader to better…
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▼ The focus of this thesis is to allow the reader to better understand the subculture of living historians. Oral history interviews were conducted over a two-month period with ten living historians from local reenacting groups and living history museums in the Ohio/Pennsylvania/West Virginia area. The interviews wielded information which allows the reader to better understand how the structure of the living history community works, especially the private lives of historical reenactors. Chapter 1 of this thesis discusses the history of the two main subcultures of living history; living history museums and historical reenacting. Chapter 2 describes the interviewees and the structure of living history organizations. Chapter 3 contains many sections, such as For Love of the Game, Edutainment, and Physical and Mental Hardships. This chapter allows the reader to better understand the mindset of living historians, the subculture in which they participate, and the value of living history as a form of interpretation. Chapter 4 discusses the struggles living historians are faced with, including criticism from academics, the public, and even each other and the changing generations of reenactors. Chapter 5 concludes the thesis by discussing the future of living history museums as well as historical reenacting. With support from historical museums, reenactors, and academics, living history does not have to be a dying art in America. Living history allows for an interactive education which intrigues the minds of the audience both young and old. The professional field which struggles financial to support such an intensive program and reenactments, with numbers constantly dwindling, can work together to support one another for the success of living history.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tingley, Stephanie.
Keywords: Historians United States; Historical reenactments United States; Historical museums United States; Museums educational aspects United States
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27.
Wagner, Lisa C.
Towards a sociopragmatic characterization of apologies in Mexican Spanish.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Spanish and Portuguese, 1999, Ohio State University
► Traditional approaches to the treatment of apologies have analyzed this function of…
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▼ Traditional approaches to the treatment of apologies have analyzed this function of language within the rigid confines of speech act theory. Speech act theory maintains that verbal acts are structured and regulated by such universal principles as cooperation, directness, politeness and face (Austin, 1962; Searle, 1969;1975; Brown and Levinson, 1978 and Leech, 1983). However, a large portion of this claim is based upon studies which have targeted but one language: English. Studies of these types will allow one to test the theoretical notion that all languages manifest the same primary characteristics in terms of speech act realization. The current undertaking focuses on one specific speech act: the act of apologizing. I reject the position than an apology refers to the same social act across all cultures and societies and argue that notions of offense, the obligation to apologize and the means by which an apology is rendered are not global in nature, but rather are socially and culturally defined. This doctoral dissertation includes: 1) a review of the literature on apologies within speech act theory, cross-cultural- interlanguage- and sociopragmatics, focusing on the relationship between apologies and such previously noted universals as cooperation, directness, politeness and face; 2) a review of the literature of recent investigations of apologies across many different languages; 3) an original investigation into the perceived nature of apologies within two speech communities (Cuernavaca, Mexico and Granada, Spain) and 4) an in-depth analysis of a corpus of apologies collected from the speech community of Cuernavaca using two approaches to data collection: a) written questionnaires and b) ethnographic notebook recordings. I specifically isolate the variable of gender and discuss the influence of this variable in contributing to both the realization of an apology and the communicative strategies used by males and females to perform this function of language.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wanner, Dieter.
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28.
Wagner, Mark W.
DNA Mismatch Repair–Dependent and –Independent G2 Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptotic Signaling Pathways After Alkylating Damage.
Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, Environmental Health Science, 2007, Case Western Reserve University
► Cells deficient in MMR display a loss of G2 cell cycle checkpoint…
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▼ Cells deficient in MMR display a loss of G2 cell cycle checkpoint arrest and resistance to the alkylating agent, N–methyl–N′–nitro–N–nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), or the fluorinated thymidine analog, 5–fluoro–2′–deoxyuridine (FdUrd). Here, we investigated signaling pathways involved in differential G2 arrest and apoptotic responses using isogenic MMR–proficient and —deficient cells exposed to either MNNG or FdUrd. Contrary to published data, we demonstrated that these cell lines exhibited equal Chk1 phosphorylation in response to MNNG in spite of MMR status. Furthermore, both caffeine and Gö6976, that abrogate G2 arrest by inhibiting ATM/ATR and Chk1, respectively, only partially abrogated G2 arrest, but did so in a MMR–independent manner. Similarly, disruption of Chk1 by shRNA partially abrogated G2 arrest, but did so in an MMR–independent manner, completely abrogating G2 arrest in MMR–deficient cells and only partially affecting MMR–competent cells. Collectively, our data strongly suggest that while the ATR/Chk1 pathway is activated in response to MNNG exposure, it is not facilitated by MMR signaling. These data strongly suggested a separate MMR–dependent G2 arrest pathway. We then examined the role of c–Abl kinase in MMR–dependent cell cycle signaling and apoptosis. Disruption of c–Abl activity, either by STI571 (Gleevec™, a c–Abl inhibitor) addition or infection with c–Abl–specific shRNA, abolished MMR–dependent G2 arrest and apoptosis. Decreased MMR–dependent p73α stabilization and Gadd45α protein expression, in response to MNNG exposure noted in c–Abl knockdown cells. Blocking both ATR/Chk1 and c–Abl–dependent G2 arrest signaling pathways completely abrogated G2 arrest in MMR–proficient cells in response to MNNG exposure. Our data strongly suggest that two overlapping G2 arrest pathways are triggered after MNNG exposures: (i) a MMR–dependent hMLH1/c–Abl/p73α/Gadd45α signaling pathway leading from G2 arrest responses to eventual apoptotic cell death; and (ii) a separate but simultaneously functioning, MMR-independent ATR/Chk1 signaling pathway leading to G2 cell cycle checkpoint arrest responses. Understanding these separate signaling pathways may allow their manipulation to avoid error–prone (i.e., MMR–independent mediated) from error–free (MMR–mediated) G2 arrest responses and apoptosis that are important in carcinogenesis.
Advisors/Committee Members: Boothman, David A.
Subjects: Biology, Molecular
Keywords: MMR; G2 arrest; Apoptosis; c-Abl
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29.
Wagner, Megan Marks.
INFERENCING SKILLS OF THIRD, FOURTH AND FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS.
Degree: Master of Arts, Speech Pathology and Audiology, 2006, Miami University
► Inferencing skills are considered an important component in academic development because it…
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▼ Inferencing skills are considered an important component in academic development because it allows students to use prior knowledge of a subject to help them learn and understand subjects. The purpose of this study was to determine patterns of third, fourth and fifth grade students’ inferencing skills. Forty-seven school children from a school district in Southwestern Ohio participated in this investigation. Each participant was administered four passages, two fiction and two non-fiction. Students were categorized by their logical thinking skills, clue selection, and inferential abilities. Responses were transcribed and evaluated independently by the primary investigator and a certified speech-language pathologist. Results indicated that students’ logical thinking and clue selection abilities were collectively significant in predicting the inferential abilities of children 8.0 through 11.0 years. Students’ present grade level and reading level were also significant in predicting students’ inferential abilities.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hutchinson, Kathleen.
Keywords: inferencing abilities; inferencing skills
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30.
WAGNER, MICHAEL E.
WHY WE SHOP: REACTIVATING THE CONSUMER.
Degree: MARCH, Design, Architecture, Art and Planning : Architecture (Master of), 2006, University of Cincinnati
► In modern western society’s consumption-oriented productive system, development has become teleological, both…
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▼ In modern western society’s consumption-oriented productive system, development has become teleological, both end and means. Through various devices, our lives have become dominated by the perceived need to consume the product of the productive system—the commodity—and thus the built environment suffers as a result. Retailers use a variety of strategies to reduce people to passive consumers, buying products without questioning their own motives or desires. Retail environments are manifestations of these strategies; retailers very consciously apply the results of studies of the effects of architecture on purchasing(shopping) behavior. The building thus is reduced to merely a tool for manipulation. This thesis will attempt to address the reduction of the user to passive consumer. Questioning the apotheosis of all shopping forms—the shopping mall—as a typology, especially its central principle of privatized public space, leads to strategies that can help to bring about a reactivated user.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kanekar, Aarati.
Subjects: Architecture
Keywords: shopping, mall, density, passivity, hegemony
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